Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay PDF
Preview Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay
Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay Treatll1ent of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay Fourth edition Sophie Levitt BSc (Physiotherapy) Wits, FCSP Consultant paediatric physiotherapist Tutor on developmental therapy • A "-II Blackwell Publishing © 1977, 1982, 1995, 2004 SophieLevitt Published byBlackwellPublishingLtd Editorial offices: BlackwellPublishingLtd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX42DQ, UK Tel: +44 (0)1865 776868 Blackwell PublishingInc., 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020, USA Tel: +1 781 388 8250 Blackwell PublishingAsia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Srreer, Carlton,Victoria 3053, Australia Tel: +61 (0)3 8359 1011 The right ofthe Author to be identified as rhe Authorofrhis Work has beenasserted in accordance with the Copyrighr, Designs and Parents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Nopartofthis publicationmay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmirred, in any form or byany means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording ororherwise,exceptas permitted by the UKCopyright, Designs and Parents Act 1988, without the prior permissionofthe publisher. First published 1977 Second edition published by Blackwell Scientific Publicarions 1982 Third edition published byBlackwell Science 1995 Fourth edition published by BlackwellPublishing2004 Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Levirr, Sophie Treatmentofcerebral palsyand motor delay/Sophie Levirr.-5th ed. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-4051-0163-6 (sc :alk. paper) 1. Cerebralpalsiedchildren-Rehabilitation. 2. Physicaltherapyfor children. 3. Movementdisorder inchildren. 4. Cerebralpalsied. 1. Title. R]496.C4L43 2003 618.92'83603-dc22 2003060516 ISBN 1-4051-0163-6 Acataloguerecord for rhis title is available from the British Library Ser in 10/12.5 ptSabon by SNPBesr-serTypeserterLtd., Hong Kong Printed and bound in the UK using acid-free paper by Ashford ColourPress, Gosport For further information on BlackwellPublishing, visirour websire: www.blackwellpublishing.com Contents Foreword to Fourth Edition by 8 Treatment Procedures and Professor B. Neville Vll Management 96 Motor training 96 Extract from Foreword to Second Motor development and the child Edition by Mary D. Sheridan IX with severe visual impairment 100 Preface Xl Prone development 105 Supine development 127 Acknowledgements xv Development of sitting 142 1 The Clinical Picture for Therapy Development of standing and and Management 1 walking 169 Development of hand function 204 2 Outline ofTreatment Approaches 14 Adjuncts to therapy 20 9 Motor Function and the Child's Daily Life 230 3 Synthesis ofTreatment Systems 24 Theoretical grounds 24 10 Problems of Deformity 244 Research studies 24 Causes 244 Clinical experience with evidence- Therapy and daily care 249 based practice 27 Specific deformities 252 The appraisal of quantitative General considerations related research studies for therapy 28 to surgery 262 The eclectic viewpoint in therapy 31 11 Therapeutic Group Work 267 Synthesis of treatment systems 32 Appendix 1: Developmental levels; 4 Learning Motor Function 44 Physical ability assessment 5 A Collaborative Learning Approach 53 guide; Wheelchair use 275 6 The Older Person with Cerebral Appendix 2: Equipment 283 Palsy 67 References 290 7 Assessment for Therapy and Index -303 Daily Function 75 Approach to assessment 75 Assessment and measurements 78 v Foreword to Fourth Edition It is a great pleasure to welcome the fourth now that modern investigations, particularly edition of this book, which gives a detailed MRI, are defining more precise pathogenic accountofthe importantissueswithin the treat sequences, the practical issue is that all children mentofthecerebral palsies. Itis comprehensive who show motor delay and deviance need help, from various perspectives. Having described whether or not they strictly fit a cerebral palsy each approach, there is a clear analysis of the diagnosis. Perhaps even more importantly, the conceptual framework for the therapies leading parents with a motor delayed child need the logically to an eclectic personal approach, i.e. support of therapists who have shared such what a therapist can do in terms of assessment predicaments with parents, and who can help and treatment. Such a masterly synthesis could by giving both their professional insights and only be carried out by someone of great that derived from parents over the years. theoretical and practical experience of the A unique feature ofthe book is the historical subject and Sophie Levitt is certainly that. perspective of the development of our under Thesection onresearch methodology is most standing of the cerebral palsies, including the welcome, indicating the inevitable gulf between contributions of so many people over the last good scientific evidence and the need to help 100 years to what is undoubtedly one of the families and children. It has always been easy mostdifficultareas ofmedicine. This bookis an to criticize therapies that are based upon amazing compendium of information, which I studieswithlowstatisticalpower,onqualitative think is essential reading for the developmental approaches, andeven on 'experience'. However, therapist and doctor. Sophie is to be congratu with a group of conditions that show almost lated on pulling it together in such a readable infinite variations and that are successively volume. modified bythechild'sdevelopment, theseprob Brian Neville lems are integral to both our difficulties and the Professor of Paediatric Neurology fascination of this field of medicine. Institute of Child Health/Great Ormond Although a strong case can be made for Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust abandoning the use of the term cerebral palsy vii
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