“Trauma can be caused by various origins, not only by natural disasters but also violence, social oppression, and so on. This book covers such a wide range of populations who are affected by various origins of trauma, as well as overarching trauma theories. As someone who experienced the Great East Japan earthquake and nuclear disaster in 2011, I know how important and effective the trauma work can be. This book will be a valuable resource for students and professionals who wish to work with such populations. I highly recommend this book.” Yuji Igari, M. S., Associate Professor of Music Therapy, Nagoya College of Music, Japan “This book includes chapters by a stellar group of international contributors, many of whom are recognized as authorities in their areas of expertise. The topics covered are highly relevant in the contemporary world, including natural disaster trauma, cultural issues including race and gender/sexual preference identity, and sexual and intimate partner violence, in addition to the more traditional focuses of psychiatry and oncology. Contemporary approaches are used to develop broad-based theory that is relevant across specific clinical areas and music therapy treatment models. This book is an essential resource for music therapists working within psychotherapy contexts.” Kenneth Aigen, Director of Music Therapy, New York University, USA “This book offers an essential introduction to principles of trauma- informed practice in music therapy. The editors bring together a collection of voices that demonstrate the potential for music to assist in the healing process in the aftermath of difficult events that shape our lives. It will be an incredibly valuable resource to both students and experienced practitioners across the creative arts therapies.” Prof. Nisha Sajnani, Director, Program in Drama Therapy, New York University, USA “Trauma can affect people in many ways. This book discusses trauma- informed practice (TIP), laying a theoretical framework and drawing together some of the ways of working with trauma. The authors come from a variety of backgrounds and clinical settings, thus presenting various perspectives on this work. An awareness of the power dynamics that may intersect with experiences of trauma runs through a number of the chapters. I expect that music therapists and others will be stimulated by the contents and excited to read about new approaches to trauma-informed practice in music therapy.” Barbara L. Wheeler, PhD, MT-BC, Professor Emeritus, Montclair State University, USA Trauma-Informed Music Therapy Trauma-Informed Music Therapy is a timely volume that combines theoretical perspectives on trauma-informed practice with real-life applications in music therapy practice. Board-certified music therapists are in a unique position to provide comfort, create a sense of safety, and empower people to find their voice during and after traumatic experiences. In this book, the theory behind trauma-informed practice (TIP) is explored and expanded through stories of clinical implementation, social justice practices, and music therapy theories. Spanning topics such as grief and loss, adverse childhood experiences and their intergenerational effects, domestic abuse, urban trauma, polyvagal theory, and psychological first aid, this book addresses music therapy as the emerging therapeutic treatment modality for adults, children, and teenagers alike. This book will be of interest to practicing music therapists and music therapy students who are learning how to bring music therapy to victims and survivors of trauma. Laura E. Beer, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Music Therapy at Colorado State University and the Editor for Music Therapy Perspectives. She has extensive clinical experience as a music therapist, researcher, author, and educator. Her most recent clinical experience includes working in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and with children who have multiple developmental challenges. Jacqueline C. Birnbaum, MSEd, MA, is the administrative coordinator and senior clinician at the Nordoff-Robbins Center for Music Therapy at New York University. She is a musician and educator and has presented internationally on the use of Creative Music Therapy. Jacqueline has served as Chair of the Certification Board for Music Therapists and currently is on the editorial board of the journal Music Therapy Perspectives. Trauma-Informed Music Therapy Theory and Practice Edited by Laura E. Beer and Jacqueline C. Birnbaum Cover image: ‘Attunement’, November 2021, Mary Andrus DAT, LCAT, LPC, ATCS First published 2023 by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 and by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Laura E. Beer and Jacqueline C. Birnbaum; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Laura E. Beer and Jacqueline C. Birnbaum to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Names: Beer, Laura E., editor. | Birnbaum, Jacqueline C., editor. Title: Trauma-informed music therapy: theory and practice / edited by Laura E. Beer and Jacqueline C. Birnbaum. Description: [1.] | New York: Routledge, 2023. Identifiers: LCCN 2022009407 (print) | LCCN 2022009408 (ebook) | ISBN 9781032061269 (paperback) | ISBN 9781032061276 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003200833 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Music therapy. | Psychic trauma--Patients-- Rehabilitation. | Psychic trauma--Treatment. | Resilience (Personality trait) Classification: LCC ML3920.T73 2023 (print) | LCC ML3920 (ebook) | DDC 615.8/5154--dc23/eng/20220317 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022009407 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022009408 ISBN: 978-1-032-06127-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-06126-9 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-20083-3 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003200833 Typeset in Bembo by MPS Limited, Dehradun Contents Editor Biographies x Author Biographies xi Foreword Author Biography xv Artist Biography xvi Acknowledgments xvii Foreword xviii Introduction 1 LAURA E. BEER AND JACQUELINE C. BIRNBAUM PART I Theories and Perspectives 7 1 The Resilience Framework for Trauma-Informed Music Therapy 9 JENNIFER SOKIRA, JOY ALLEN, AND HEATHER WAGNER 2 Global Trends in Music Therapy for Disaster Preparedness, Response, and Recovery 19 BARBARA A. ELSE AND MIREYA GONZÁLEZ 3 Cultural Humility in Music Therapy Practice 28 JASMINE EDWARDS 4 Questioning the Promise of Safety in Trauma-Informed Music Therapy Practice 37 ELLY SCRINE AND ASAMI KOIKE viii Contents PART II Children and Adolescents 45 5 I Am Safe and I Am Strong: Understanding Adverse Childhood Experiences and Building Resilience through Trauma-Informed Music Therapy 47 OLIVIA SWEDBERG YINGER 6 Changing the Narrative: Exploring How Music Therapy Can Assist Adolescents Dealing with Race-Based Traumatic Stress 56 STEPHANIE HOLLY 7 Music Therapy with Children in the Aftermath of a Natural Disaster 64 CINDYBET PÉREZ-MARTÍNEZ 8 Trauma-Informed Practice: Clinical Songwriting in Pediatric Cancer and Sickle Cell Disease 74 TRACIE SANDHEINRICH AND JAIME KENNINGTON PART III Adults 85 9 Music Therapy for Survivors of Sexual Violence and Intimate Partner Violence 87 RACHEL EBELING AND SARAH MICHAELIS 10 Group Work with Adults in Short-Term Inpatient Psychiatric Treatment and Recovery 96 NADINE CADESKY 11 Trauma-Informed Music Psychotherapy in Radiation Oncology: Implementation of the Trauma, Resilience, Safety Model 104 ANDREW ROSSETTI 12 Finding One’s Voice: Working through Developmental Trauma with Vocal Psychotherapy 113 JENNY HOI YAN FU 13 Music Therapy in the Treatment of Complex Trauma in Adult Mental Health 122 GILLIAN STEPHENS LANGDON Contents ix 14 “I Hear You”: The Potency of Play in Music Psychotherapy for Treating Trauma in Musicians 131 JOANNE LOEWY 15 Bent Pitch: Trauma, the LGBTQAI+ Community, and Music Psychotherapy 142 BRIAN HARRIS 16 Mechanisms of Change in Music Therapy When Treating Adults Coping with Trauma 150 MOSHE BENSIMON Conclusion 158 LAURA E. BEER AND JACQUELINE C. BIRNBAUM Index 159