Transportation for the Poor: Research in Rural Mobility

203 Pages·1982·4.604 MB·English

by  Hal S. Maggied (auth.)

TRANSPORTATION
FOR THE POOR
Research in Rural Mobility
HAL S. MAGGIED
Academic Director
Management and Administrative Studies
CareerDevelopment Center
Nova University
FOREWORD BY
WILLIAM E. BIVENS, III
AFTERWORD BY
JOHN S. HASSELL, JR.
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging inPublicationData
Maggied, Hal S.
Transportationfor thepoor.
(Studiesinapplied regional science)
Bibliography: p.
Includesindex.
I. Rural poor - United States - Transportation.
I. Title. 11.Series.
HE203.M28 362.5'83 81-15571
ISBN978-94-017-3581-0 ISBN978-94-017-3579-7 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-94-017-3579-7
Copyright© 1982bySpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork
OriginallypublishedbyKluwer-NijhoffPublishingin1982.
SoftcoverreprintofthehardcoverIstedition1982
No part of this book may bereproduced inany form byprint, photoprint,
microfilm, or anyother means without written permission from the publisher.
Transportation
for the Poor
STUDIES IN APPLIED
REGIONAL SCIENCE
Editor-in-Chief:
P. NIJKAMP, Free University,Amsterdam
EditorialBoard:
o
A. E. ANDERSSON, UniversityofUmea, Umea
W. ISARD, Cornell University, Ithaca
L. H. KLAASSEN, Netherlands EconomicInstitute, Rotterdam
I. MASSER, UniversityofSheffield, Sheffield
N. SAKASHITA, UniversityofTsukuba, Sakura
~
CONTENTS
ListofFigures vii
ListofTables ix
ForewordbyWilliamE.Bivens,III xiii
Preface xxi
1 Background I
WhyThisStudyNow? 6
TheoreticalDevelopment 8
2 Historical Development of Transportation Problems for the
PoorinRuralReaches 39
DefinitionofTerms 40
Transportation/PovertyLinkage: Originof Recognition 42
Transit Dependent/MobilityDisadvantaged 47
AdditionalTransportationComplexities 64
3 RuralLegislationorRubricalLegerdemain 67
TheLegislation 68
v
vi CONTENTS
State Programs 84
Conclusion 88
4 FactorAnalysisand EvaluationofWorkerMobility Variables 90
Findings: APDCs 91
Findings: Counties 98
SampleCases 107
5 Analysis of Mobility Disadvantages and Economic Deficiencies
inRural Georgia 108
Procedures 109
Results 110
Home-to-WorkTrips and Travel 114
AnalysisofSampleCounties inRural Georgia 125
Summaryand Conclusions 135
6 Conclusions and Recommendations on Mobility Disadvantages
inRural Reaches 136
Conclusions 136
Recommendations 137
FinalAnalysis 140
AfterwordbyJohnS.Hassell, Jr. 143
References 149
Index 167
LIST OF FIGURES
1.1 Demographic Representation ofUrban PlacesinGeorgia: 1970 14
1.2 Growth Areasand Growth CorridorsinGeorgia: 1977 24
1.3 Designation of Geographic Limits for the Georgia Area
Planning and DevelopmentCommissions: 1979 31
1.4 PopulationDistributionand DensityinGeorgia: 1970 34
4.1 Estimated Factor Scores for a Single-Factor Construct
Deriving from Eight Variables Interrelating Mobility, Per-
sonal Income, and Work Activity for the Area Planning and
DevelopmentCommissionsinRural Georgia: 1970-1976 97
4.2 Estimated Factor Scores for Extracted Factor Pattern
LoadingsonFactor I 104
4.3 Estimated Factor Scores for Extracted Factor Pattern
LoadingsonFactor II 105
4.4 Estimated Factor Scores for Extracted Factor Pattern
LoadingsonFactor III 106
5.1 Sketch Map for Hypothetical Dispersion of Workers' Resi-
dences Using a SingleTransit Conveyance to Camilla,
Georgia, from HinterlandHamlets inBakerCounty 127
vii
viii LISTOFFIGURES
5.2 Sketch Map for Hypothetical Dispersion of Workers' Resi
dencesUsinga SingleTransit Conveyanceto Dahlonega,
Georgia, from HinterlandHamletsinDawsonCounty 129
LIST OF TABLES
1.1 Number of Incorporated Places in Georgia and Its Area
Planningand Development CommissionRegions: Mid-1975 16
1.2 Selected Demographic Mobility Characteristics for Georgia
and ItsAPDCs: 1970 19
1.3 Population Density and Percent of Unpaved County Roads
inGeorgiaand ItsAPDCs: 1976-1977 20
1.4 Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics for Georgia and Its
APDCs: 1969-1971 21
1.5 Labor Force Participation and Household Income in Georgia
and ItsAPDCs:.1974-1976 26
1.6 Labor Force Unemployed and Median Years of Educational
AttainmentinGeorgia and ItsAPDCs: 1970-1975 33
2.1 Labor Force Participation, Percent Unemployed, and Median
Years ofEducational Attainment for SelectedCounties in
Rural Georgia: 1970-1976 64
4.1 Correlation Coefficients ofthe Eight-Variable Factor Analysis
ontheEighteen APDCsinGeorgia 92
4.2 Correlation Coefficients ofthe Eight-Variable Factor Analysis
onthe 159Counties inGeorgia 99
ix