Table Of Content

STUDY Re quested by the TRAN committee Research for TRAN Committee - Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies Directorate General for Internal Policies of the Union PE 617.465 - May 2018 EN DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies TRANSPORT AND TOURISM Research for TRAN Committee - Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility STUDY Abstract This study has undertaken literature reviews, user and experts’ questionnaires, interviews and workshop surveys, analysis of EU legislation, SWOT and Multi- Criteria Analysis, identification of best practices and analyses of case studies. This has led to a mapping of accessibility across the EU Member States (identifying relevant state clusters) for three different sectors: local transport, long-distance transport, and tourism. Specific policies, research priorities and recommendations are made per state clusters and for the EU, which can enhance accessibility in each of the three sectors. IP/B/TRAN/IC/2017-017 2018 PE 617.465 EN This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism. AUTHORS CERTH/HIT: Dr. Evangelos BEKIARIS, Matina LOUKEA, Pavlos SPANIDIS EDF: Saskia EWING, Marie DENNINGHAUS ENAT: Ivor AMBROSE, Katerina PAPAMICHAIL, Roberto CASTIGLIONI, Chris VEITCH Graphic design: John Alertas (CERTH/HIT) Linguistic diligence: Elisabeth Mestheneos (50+, f. AGE President) Research manager: Christina RATCLIFF Project and publication assistance: Adrienn BORKA Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies, European Parliament LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN ABOUT THE PUBLISHER To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to updates on our work for TRAN Committee please write to: Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility _________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 7 LIST OF TABLES 11 LIST OF FIGURES 12 PRESENTATION OF THE STUDY TEAM 15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 17 1 INTRODUCTION 23 1.1 Facts and figures 23 1.2 Study objectives 26 1.3 Methodology 27 2 USERS’ CLUSTERING 33 3 LEGISLATION, TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES: STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS - EUROPEAN LEVEL 41 3.1 Legislation, technical standards and guidelines 41 4 LEGISLATION, TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES: STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS - NATIONAL LEVEL 69 4.1 Transport 69 4.2 Tourism 77 4.3 National Enforcement Bodies (NEBs) 82 5 USER NEEDS: STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 87 5.1 Local transport 89 5.2 Long-distance transport 96 5.3 Clustering of user needs, accessibility status and gaps in the transport sector 103 5.4 Tourism 115 5.5 Multi-Criteria Analysis for Recognised Gaps & Needs 133 5.6 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) Analysis 145 6 BEST PRACTICES 149 6.1 Local transport 150 6.2 Long-distance transport 152 6.3 Tourism 154 5 Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies _________________________________________________________________________ 7 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS 157 7.1 Local Transport 161 7.2 Long-distance Transport 162 7.3 Tourism 163 REFERENCES 165 6 Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility _________________________________________________________________________ LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACAA Air Carriers Access Act ACI Airport Council International ADA Americans with Disabilities Act AI Artificial Intelligence AIS Accessibility Information Schemes ALDE Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe AMA Accessibility for Manitobans Act AODA Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act Art. Article AT Assistive Technology ATM Automatic Teller Machine AVL Automatic Vehicle Location BAS Brake-assist systems BMVI Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur (German: Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development) BTWG Technical Board Working Group CAA Civil Aviation Authority CBA Cost-benefit analysis CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation (French: European Committee for Standardisation) CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation COCEMFE Confederación Española de Personas con Discapacidad Física y Orgánica (Spanish: Spanish Confederation of People with Physical and Organic Disability) CoR Committee of the Regions COSME Europe’s competitiveness programme for small and medium-sized enterprises. CRPD Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities CULT European Parliament’s Committee on Culture and Education DGCA Directorate General of Civil Aviation DMO Destination Management Organisation DoT Department of Transportation DOTCOM The Disability Online Tool of the Commission DPO Disabled Persons’ Organisation DRT Demand Responsive Transportation DSM Digital Single Market 7 Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies _________________________________________________________________________ E European (recommendation) EAA European Accessibility Act EASA European Aviation Safety Agency EC European Commission ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference ECOSOC Economic and Social Committee EMA Electric Mobility Aids ENAC Ente Nazionale per l'Aviazione Civile (Italian: National Agency for Civil Aviation, also known as the Italian Civil Aviation Authority) EP European Parliament epayment Electronic payment EPP-ED Group of the European People's Party and European Democrats ERA European Railway Agency ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute EU European Union FCC Federal Communications Commission FPS Frontal protection systems FRA EU Agency for Fundamental Rights FTA Federal Transit Administration G Generic (recommendation) GDP Gross Domestic Product Greens/EFA Group of the Greens/European Free Alliance GUE/NGL Confederal Group of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left HMI Human-Machine Interface HRLSC Human Rights Legal Support Centre HRTO Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario IATA International Air Transport Association ICE Inter-City-Express ICF International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health ICT Information and Communication Technology IND/DEM Independence/Democracy Group IPDA Integration of Persons with Disabilities Act ISO International Organisation for Standardisation ISTO International Social Tourism Organisation IT Information Technology ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems KPIs Key Performance Indicators LBA Luftfahrt-Bundesamt (German: Federal Aviation Office) 8 Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility _________________________________________________________________________ LD Long-distance LO Local MaaS Mobility as a Service MAMCA Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis MCA Multi-Criteria Analysis MEDIF Medical Information Sheet MFF Multiannual Financial Framework MMTIPs Multimodal Travel Information and Planning Services mpayment Mobile payment N National (recommendation) NEB National Enforcement Body NGO Non-governmental organisation NIP National Implementation Plan [of UNCRPD] NTO National Tourism Organisation OITS-ISTO International Social Tourism Organisation PPP Public-Private Partnerships PRM Person with Reduced Mobility PRR Passengers’ Rights PSO Public Service Obligation PT Public Transport PwD Person with Disabilities QoS Quality of Service R Research priority RICA Research Institute for Consumer Affairs R&D Research & Development RoI Return on Investment SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SCPs Special Categories Passengers SDI Special Declaration of Interest SDR Special Drawing Rights SENT Slovensko združenje za duševno zdravje (Slovenian: Slovenian Association for Mental Health) SMEs Small and medium-sized enterprises SUMP Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats TAP Telematics applications for passenger service TAP-TSI Technical specification for interoperability relating to the subsystem telematics applications for passenger services 9 Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies _________________________________________________________________________ TARDEC Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center TEN-T Trans-European Transport Network TFEU Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union TGV Train à Grande Vitesse (French: high-speed train) TO Tourism TR Technical Report TRAN European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism TRB Transport Research Boards TSI Technical specifications for interoperability TSI-PRM Technical specifications for interoperability relating to accessibility of the Union's rail system for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility. TV Television UI User Interface UN United Nations UNCRPD UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities UNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organisation WCAG Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (W3C Web Accessibility Initiative, Web Content Guidelines) WHO World Health Organisation 10

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STUDY Re quested by the TRAN committee Research for TRAN Committee - Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies Directorate General for Internal Policies of the Union PE 617.465 - May 2018 EN DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies TRANSPORT AND TOURISM Research for TRAN Committee - Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility STUDY Abstract This study has undertaken literature reviews, user and experts’ questionnaires, interviews and workshop surveys, analysis of EU legislation, SWOT and Multi- Criteria Analysis, identification of best practices and analyses of case studies. This has led to a mapping of accessibility across the EU Member States (identifying relevant state clusters) for three different sectors: local transport, long-distance transport, and tourism. Specific policies, research priorities and recommendations are made per state clusters and for the EU, which can enhance accessibility in each of the three sectors. IP/B/TRAN/IC/2017-017 2018 PE 617.465 EN This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism. AUTHORS CERTH/HIT: Dr. Evangelos BEKIARIS, Matina LOUKEA, Pavlos SPANIDIS EDF: Saskia EWING, Marie DENNINGHAUS ENAT: Ivor AMBROSE, Katerina PAPAMICHAIL, Roberto CASTIGLIONI, Chris VEITCH Graphic design: John Alertas (CERTH/HIT) Linguistic diligence: Elisabeth Mestheneos (50+, f. AGE President) Research manager: Christina RATCLIFF Project and publication assistance: Adrienn BORKA Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies, European Parliament LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN ABOUT THE PUBLISHER To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to updates on our work for TRAN Committee please write to: Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility _________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 7 LIST OF TABLES 11 LIST OF FIGURES 12 PRESENTATION OF THE STUDY TEAM 15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 17 1 INTRODUCTION 23 1.1 Facts and figures 23 1.2 Study objectives 26 1.3 Methodology 27 2 USERS’ CLUSTERING 33 3 LEGISLATION, TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES: STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS - EUROPEAN LEVEL 41 3.1 Legislation, technical standards and guidelines 41 4 LEGISLATION, TECHNICAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES: STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS - NATIONAL LEVEL 69 4.1 Transport 69 4.2 Tourism 77 4.3 National Enforcement Bodies (NEBs) 82 5 USER NEEDS: STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 87 5.1 Local transport 89 5.2 Long-distance transport 96 5.3 Clustering of user needs, accessibility status and gaps in the transport sector 103 5.4 Tourism 115 5.5 Multi-Criteria Analysis for Recognised Gaps & Needs 133 5.6 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) Analysis 145 6 BEST PRACTICES 149 6.1 Local transport 150 6.2 Long-distance transport 152 6.3 Tourism 154 5 Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies _________________________________________________________________________ 7 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS 157 7.1 Local Transport 161 7.2 Long-distance Transport 162 7.3 Tourism 163 REFERENCES 165 6 Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility _________________________________________________________________________ LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACAA Air Carriers Access Act ACI Airport Council International ADA Americans with Disabilities Act AI Artificial Intelligence AIS Accessibility Information Schemes ALDE Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe AMA Accessibility for Manitobans Act AODA Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act Art. Article AT Assistive Technology ATM Automatic Teller Machine AVL Automatic Vehicle Location BAS Brake-assist systems BMVI Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur (German: Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development) BTWG Technical Board Working Group CAA Civil Aviation Authority CBA Cost-benefit analysis CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation (French: European Committee for Standardisation) CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation COCEMFE Confederación Española de Personas con Discapacidad Física y Orgánica (Spanish: Spanish Confederation of People with Physical and Organic Disability) CoR Committee of the Regions COSME Europe’s competitiveness programme for small and medium-sized enterprises. CRPD Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities CULT European Parliament’s Committee on Culture and Education DGCA Directorate General of Civil Aviation DMO Destination Management Organisation DoT Department of Transportation DOTCOM The Disability Online Tool of the Commission DPO Disabled Persons’ Organisation DRT Demand Responsive Transportation DSM Digital Single Market 7 Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies _________________________________________________________________________ E European (recommendation) EAA European Accessibility Act EASA European Aviation Safety Agency EC European Commission ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference ECOSOC Economic and Social Committee EMA Electric Mobility Aids ENAC Ente Nazionale per l'Aviazione Civile (Italian: National Agency for Civil Aviation, also known as the Italian Civil Aviation Authority) EP European Parliament epayment Electronic payment EPP-ED Group of the European People's Party and European Democrats ERA European Railway Agency ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute EU European Union FCC Federal Communications Commission FPS Frontal protection systems FRA EU Agency for Fundamental Rights FTA Federal Transit Administration G Generic (recommendation) GDP Gross Domestic Product Greens/EFA Group of the Greens/European Free Alliance GUE/NGL Confederal Group of the European United Left - Nordic Green Left HMI Human-Machine Interface HRLSC Human Rights Legal Support Centre HRTO Human Rights Tribunal of Ontario IATA International Air Transport Association ICE Inter-City-Express ICF International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health ICT Information and Communication Technology IND/DEM Independence/Democracy Group IPDA Integration of Persons with Disabilities Act ISO International Organisation for Standardisation ISTO International Social Tourism Organisation IT Information Technology ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems KPIs Key Performance Indicators LBA Luftfahrt-Bundesamt (German: Federal Aviation Office) 8 Transport and tourism for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility _________________________________________________________________________ LD Long-distance LO Local MaaS Mobility as a Service MAMCA Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis MCA Multi-Criteria Analysis MEDIF Medical Information Sheet MFF Multiannual Financial Framework MMTIPs Multimodal Travel Information and Planning Services mpayment Mobile payment N National (recommendation) NEB National Enforcement Body NGO Non-governmental organisation NIP National Implementation Plan [of UNCRPD] NTO National Tourism Organisation OITS-ISTO International Social Tourism Organisation PPP Public-Private Partnerships PRM Person with Reduced Mobility PRR Passengers’ Rights PSO Public Service Obligation PT Public Transport PwD Person with Disabilities QoS Quality of Service R Research priority RICA Research Institute for Consumer Affairs R&D Research & Development RoI Return on Investment SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SCPs Special Categories Passengers SDI Special Declaration of Interest SDR Special Drawing Rights SENT Slovensko združenje za duševno zdravje (Slovenian: Slovenian Association for Mental Health) SMEs Small and medium-sized enterprises SUMP Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats TAP Telematics applications for passenger service TAP-TSI Technical specification for interoperability relating to the subsystem telematics applications for passenger services 9 Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies _________________________________________________________________________ TARDEC Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center TEN-T Trans-European Transport Network TFEU Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union TGV Train à Grande Vitesse (French: high-speed train) TO Tourism TR Technical Report TRAN European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism TRB Transport Research Boards TSI Technical specifications for interoperability TSI-PRM Technical specifications for interoperability relating to accessibility of the Union's rail system for persons with disabilities and persons with reduced mobility. TV Television UI User Interface UN United Nations UNCRPD UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities UNWTO United Nations World Tourism Organisation WCAG Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (W3C Web Accessibility Initiative, Web Content Guidelines) WHO World Health Organisation 10

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