Transnationalism and the German City PDF
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Studies in European Culture and History edited by Eric D. Weitz and Jack Zipes University of Minnesota Since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of communism, the very meaning of Europe has been opened up and is in the process of being redefined. European states and societies are wrestling with the expansion of NATO and the European Union and with new streams of immigration, while a renewed and reinvigorated cultural engagement has emerged between East and West. But the fast-paced trans- formations of the last fifteen years also have deeper historical roots. The reconfiguring of contemporary Europe is entwined with the cataclysmic events of the twentieth century, two world wars and the Holocaust, and with the processes of modernity that, since the eighteenth century, have shaped Europe and its engagement with the rest of the world. Studies in European Culture and History is dedicated to publishing books that explore major issues in Europe’s past and present from a wide variety of disciplinary perspectives. The works in the series are interdisciplinary; they focus on culture and society and deal with significant developments in Western and Eastern Europe from the eighteenth century to the present within a social historical context. With its broad span of topics, geography, and chronology, the series aims to publish the most interesting and innovative work on modern Europe. 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First published in 2014 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States— a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-48257-3 ISBN 978-1-137-39017-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137390172 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Transnationalism and the German city / edited by Jeffry M. Diefendorf and Janet Ward. pages cm.—(Palgrave studies in European culture and history) Includes index. 1. Urbanization—Social aspects—Germany. 2. Transnationalism— Germany. 3. Nationalism—Germany. 4. Sociology, Urban—Germany. I. Diefendorf, Jeffry M., 1945– II. Ward, Janet, 1963– HT384.G3T73 2014 305.80943—dc23 2013038312 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: April 2014 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents List of Figures ix Introduction Transnationalism and the German City 1 Jeffry M. Diefendorf and Janet Ward Part I Contested Urban Publics One E nlightenment in the European City: Rethinking German Urbanism and the Public Sphere 13 Daniel Purdy Two Posen or Poznań, Rathaus or Ratusz: Nationalizing the Cityscape in the German-Polish Borderland 37 Elizabeth A. Drummond Three Inclusion and Segregation in Berlin, the “Social City” 55 Stephan Lanz Four “Wild Barbecuing”: Urban Citizenship and the Politics of Transnationality in Berlin’s Tiergarten 73 Bettina Stoetzer Part II Crossing Boundaries in Modern German Planning Five Transnational Dimensions of German Anti-Modern Modernism: Ernst May in Breslau 89 Deborah Ascher Barnstone Six W as There an Ideal Socialist City? Socialist New Towns as Modern Dreamscapes 105 Rosemary Wakeman Seven Housing as Transnational Provocation in Cold War Berlin 125 Greg Castillo Eight Transatlantic Crossings of Planning Ideas: The Neighborhood Unit in the USA, UK, and Germany 141 Dirk Schubert viii / contents Part III City Cultures and the German Transnational Imaginary Nine Princes and Fools, Parades and Wild Women: Creating, Performing, and Preserving Urban Identity through Carnival in Cologne and Basel 161 Jeffry M. Diefendorf Ten The Local, the National—and the Transnational? Spatial Dimensions in Hamburg’s Memory of World War I during the Weimar Republic 173 Janina Fuge Eleven From the American West to West Berlin: Wim Wenders, Border Crossings, and the Transnational Imaginary 187 Nicole Huber and Ralph Stern Part IV German Urban Heritage for a Transnational Era Twelve Post–Postwar Re-Construction of a Destroyed Heimat: Perspectives on German Discourse and Practice 207 Grischa F. Bertram and Friedhelm Fischer Thirteen Berlin’s Museum Island: Marketing the German National Past in the Age of Globalization 223 Tracy Graves Fourteen The Historic Preservation Fallacy? Transnational Culture, Urban Identity, and Monumental Architecture in Berlin and Dresden 239 John V. Maciuika Notes on Contributors 261 Index 265 Figures Book Cover Puzzle map: Germany and other countries. Source: Image courtesy of Maria Mitrofanova / Fotalia. 1.1 Marketplace with private houses attached, from Johann Friedrich Penther, Ausführliche Anleitung zur bürgerlichen Bau-Kunst, vol. 4 24 1.2 Interior of late eighteenth-century Bürgerhaus, in Der bürgerliche Baumeister, oder Versuch eines Unterrichtes für Baulustige, Friedrich Christian Schmidt 28 2.1 Rival postcards of German Posen (from 1910 to 1915) and Polish Poznań (from before 1918) 38 2.2 The Town Hall (Ratusz / Rathaus) in Poznań / Posen’s old market square (Stary Rynek / Alter Markt) 45 4.1 “Wild barbecuing” (wildes Grillen) in Berlin’s Tiergarten 74 6.1 Vacationers view new town of Stalinstadt (later: Eisenhüttenstadt), German Democratic Republic 109 6.2 New apartment blocks at Halle-Neustadt, German Democratic Republic 119 7.1 East Berlin’s “Highrise on the Weberwiese” (1951–52, architect Hermann Henselmann) 135 11.1 Film set photos from Wim Wenders’ Wings of Desire (Der Himmel über Berlin, 1987) 189 12.1 Reconstruction Projects in Germany, 1960–2010 208 12.2 German Re-Construction Projects since 1975 213 13.1 Three-dimensional model of the future Museum Island Berlin showing the path of the Archaeological Promenade; view from the south (2012) 226 14.1 Postcard view of the Black Helmets Guild Hall (Schwartzhäupterhaus), Riga, Latvia, in 1910 245 14.2 George Bähr, Church of Our Lady (Frauenkirche), Dresden, in 1910; originally constructed 1726–1743 248 14.3 Heinz Graffunder Architectural Collective, exterior view of the Palast der Republik, East Berlin, 1973–1976; here, c. 1980 252 14.4 The “Ghost Palace,” Berlin 255
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