Transnational Financial Associations and the Governance of Global Finance The role of business in global governance is now widely recognized, but exploration of its role in global financial governance has been more hapha- zard than systematic. This book provides the first comprehensive analysis of the role of transnational financial associations (TFAs) in the organization of global finance. This book develops three theoretical themes of assemblage, functionality, and poweras enrollment.Thesethemeschallengeapproachesthat treat financial power as emanating from a single location or force. Whilst existing approa- chestendtotreatTFAsasirrelevantorasmerelytransmittingpoweroriginat- ing elsewhere, this book argues that power must be created by painstakingly assemblingactors,networks,andobjectsthatareoftenquiteautonomousand working at cross purposes to one another—a process in which TFAs play a central role. The book explores these themes in chapters examining the roles of TFAs in interacting with public authorities, constructing global financial markets and creating financial communities. The authors additionallyanalyze the roles of TFAs in the European Union, in the global South, and in pro- motinggoalsotherthanprofitability,includingIslamicfinance,microfinancing, savings banks, and cooperatives. Making a distinctive contribution to our understanding of global finance and global governance, Transnational Financial Associations and the Govern- ance of Global Finance is an important book for students and scholars of international political economy, finance, global governance, and international relations. Heather McKeen-Edwards is Assistant Professor of Politics and International Studies at Bishop’s University in Sherbrooke, Canada. Tony Porter is Professor of Political Science at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada. 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Development, Sexual Rights and adjustment in textiles and clothing Global Governance* Tony Heron Resisting global power Amy Lind * Also available in paperback Transnational Financial Associations and the Governance of Global Finance Assembling wealth and power Heather McKeen-Edwards and Tony Porter Firstpublished2013 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,Oxon,OX144RN SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada byRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2013HeatherMcKeen-EdwardsandTonyPorter TherightofHeatherMcKeen-EdwardsandTonyPortertobeidentifiedas theauthorsofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewithsections77 and78oftheCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orin anyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksor registeredtrademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanation withoutintenttoinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData McKeen-Edwards,Heather. Transnationalfinancialassociationsandthegovernanceofglobalfinance :assemblingwealthandpower/HeatherMcKeen-EdwardsandTony Porter. p.cm.–(RIPEseriesinglobalpoliticaleconomy) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. 1.Internationalfinance.2.Financialinstitutions.I.Porter,Tony.II.Title. HG3881.M39462013 332'.042–dc23 20120341 ISBN:978-0-415-65972-7(hbk) ISBN:978-0-415-65974-1(pbk) ISBN:978-0-203-58608-2(ebk) TypesetinTimesNewRomanby Taylor&FrancisBooks Contents List of illustrations xii Acknowledgements xiii List of abbreviations xiv 1 Introduction: Private authority and private associations in global finance and global governance 1 TFAs and power in global finance 2 What are TFAs? 3 How do TFAs vary? 4 TFAs and theory 6 Ontology 7 Functionality 7 Power 8 The plan of the book 9 2 Conceptualizing transnational financial associations and global financial power 11 Important current theories that underestimate the role of TFAs 12 The structural power of capital 13 Global markets, efficiency, and transnational financial associations 16 The power of the state and transnational financial associations 18 The literature on private authority and governance 19 An alternative metatheoretical and theoretical approach 22 An assemblage ontology 24 Theorizing functionality and discursive elements in TFAs 27 Power 31 Conclusion 33