Transmission, Chassis and Materials: (381 part 2 including Applied Studies)

223 Pages·1982·16.492 MB·English

by  John Whipp (auth.), Roy Brooks (eds.)

Transmission, Chassis and Materials
(381 part 2 including Applied Studies)
Editor Roy Brooks
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Macmillan Motor Vehicle Craft Studies Series
Part 2
Motor Vehicle Craft Studies
Transmission, Chassis and Materials
(381 part 2 including Applied Studies)
Editor Roy Brooks
Senior Lecturer in Motor Vehicle Subjects
Bolton Institute of Higher Education
Author John Whipp
Senior Lecturer in Motor Vehicle Subjects
Moston College of Further Education
M
© Roy Brooks and John Whipp 1982
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, without permission.
First published 1982 by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
London and Basingstoke
Companies and representatives throughout the world
ISBN 978-1-349-06645-2 ISBN 978-1-349-06643-8 (eBook}
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-06643-8
The paperback edition of this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way
of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the
publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is
published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the
subsequent purchaser.
Contents
Technology Applied Studies
Clutches 1 9
Hydraulic couplings and torque converters 14 18
Gearboxes 20 43
Universal joints, propeller shafts and drive
arrangements 49 58
Final drive, differential, and axle shafts 61 75
Tyres and wheels 77 95
Suspension 96 110
Steering 111 126
Braking systems 128 157
Vehicle structure 164
Material joining 176 202
The contents follow, as far as practicable, the order of the City and Guilds syllabus. This often may
well not be the best teaching/learning sequence, but it ensures a uniformly understandable order of
presentation.
The publisher will be happy to suggest an effective scheme of work based on page numbers.
PREFACE
This book deals with vehicle transmission, suspension, steering, braking,
body/chassis structure, materials and material joining as required by the
syllabus 381 part 2 Light and Heavy Vehicle Mechanics, 'Transmission,
Chassis and Materials'. The author, John Whipp, is head of the Motor Vehicle
Section of the Moston College of Further Education, Manchester. He has
had wide practical and teaching experience in these fields, as well as being
a leading author in the earlier highly successful books in the Macmillan
Motor Vehicle Craft Studies Series.
As before, the requirements of the City and Guilds syllabus have been
faithfully adhered to. Similarly the book's aim is to save both student
and teacher time in coping with the heavy demands of a necessarily very
full syllabus.
Naturally the maximum benefit from this workbook will be realised if it is
used in conjunction with its companion volume. This is Engines and
Electrics by Jack Hirst, also a fully experienced series author. Anyone
conscientiously completing these two books should easily pass their
examinations in the appropriate topic areas.
Clearly the book is suitable for both Light and Heavy vehicle mechanics
since very substantial areas of their work overlap. Where divergences do
occur, then by taking note of the precise syllabus references (shown on each
page), such sections can be omitted if desired.
Whilst wishing every success to those who use the books in this series,
the production team realise that improvements are always possible.
Constructive comments will be welcome. Send them to me, please, via the
publishers- they will be most carefully considered.
Roy Brooks
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The editor and author wish to thank the very many organisations and individuals
who have assisted with information and illustrations for this book. In some instances
the results may not be easily recognisable: for example, where simplified to suit
teaching requirements. None the less, their help is greatly appreciated, in particular
the following:
George Angus & Co. Ltd Girling Ltd
Automotive Products Ltd Lucas Industries Ltd
Bendix Westinghouse Ltd Metalastic Ltd
BL Cars Ltd Telma Retarder Ltd
Citroen Cars Ltd VAG (United Kingdom) Ltd
Clayton Dewandre Co. Ltd Vauxhall Motors Ltd
Dunlop Ltd
Fiat Auto (UK) Ltd The motor vehicle staff of Maston College
of Further Education
Clutches
Multi-spring clutch 2
Diaphragm spring clutch 3
Clutch plate construction 4
Clutch operation and adjustment 6
Clutch stop 7
Multi-plate clutches 8
APPLIED STUDIES
Torque and power transmitted by friction clutches 9
Clutch torque safety factor 12
Movement ratio/force ratio/efficiency of linkage 13
THE MULTI-SPRING CLUTCH Cover
~ ~-
A simple multi-spring type of clutch is illustrated below. Label the drawing
and state the function and operation of the parts listed opposite.
Coil springs
/
Pressure plate
Release levers-eye bolts and pins
Adjusting nuts
Power flow 'Knife-edge' struts
In the clutch shown, 'lugs' formed on the pressure plate fit into rectangular
slots in the cover to provide drive from cover to pressure plate.
Add arrows to the drawing to indicate the 'power flow' through the clutch
from the flywheel to the primary shaft.
2
THE DIAPHRAGM SPRING CLUTCH Spring characteristics
.~.. ..~.:
cici cici (Coil and diaphragm)
-' :::c A single-plate diaphragm clutch is shown below; label the drawing and
add arrows to show the power flow through the clutch from the flywheel
The graph below shows a typical load/displacement curve for a diaphragm
to the primary shaft.
spring. Show on the same graph, a typical load/displacement curve for a
coil spring.
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Displacement of pressure plate
Study the completed graph and state two advantages of the diaphragm spring
over the coil spring with regard to spring load in relation to pressure plate
displacement.
1. ................................................................................................................... .
In the diaphragm spring clutch shown, state how the pressure plate is
withdrawn during disengagement.
2 .................................................................................................................... .
3