Transition Metal and Rare Earth Compounds: Excited States, Transitions, Interactions III PDF
Preview Transition Metal and Rare Earth Compounds: Excited States, Transitions, Interactions III
241 Topics in Current Chemistry Editorial Board: A. de Meijere · K.N. Houk · H. Kessler · J.-M. Lehn · S.V. Ley S.L. Schreiber · J. Thiem · B.M. Trost · F. V(cid:1)gtle · H. Yamamoto Topics in Current Chemistry Recently Published and Forthcoming Volumes FunctionalMolecularNanostructures SpinCrossoverinTransitionMetal VolumeEditor:Schl(cid:1)ter,A.D. CompoundsII Vol.245,2004 VolumeEditors:G(cid:1)tlich,P.,Goodwin,H.A. Vol.234,2004 NaturalProductSynthesisII VolumeEditor:Mulzer,J.H. SpinCrossoverinTransition Vol.244,2004 MetalCompoundsI VolumeEditors:G(cid:1)tlich,P.,Goodwin,H.A. NaturalProductSynthesisI Vol.233,2004 VolumeEditor:Mulzer,J.H. Vol.243,2004 NewAspectsinPhosphorus ChemistryIV ImmobilizedCatalysts VolumeEditor:Majoral,J.-P. VolumeEditor:Kirschning,A. Vol.232,2004 Vol.242,2004 ElementalSulfurandSulfur-Rich TransitionMetalandRareEarth CompoundsII CompoundsIII VolumeEditor:Steudel,R. VolumeEditor:Yersin,H. Vol.231,2003 Vol.241,2004 ElementalSulfurandSulfur-Rich TheChemistryofPheromones CompoundsI andOtherSemiochemicalsII VolumeEditor:Steudel,R. VolumeEditor:Schulz,S. Vol.230,2003 Vol.240,2004 NewAspectsinPhosphorus TheChemistryofPheromones ChemistryIII andOtherSemiochemicalsI VolumeEditor:Majoral,J.-P. VolumeEditor:Schulz,S. Vol.229,2003 Vol.239,2004 DendrimersV OrotidineMonophosphateDecarboxylase VolumeEditors:Schalley,C.A.,V(cid:2)gtle,F. VolumeEditors:Lee,J.K.,Tantillo,D.J. Vol.228,2003 Vol.238,2004 ColloidChemistryII Long-RangeChargeTransferinDNAII VolumeEditor:Antonietti,M. VolumeEditor:Schuster,G.B. Vol.227,2003 Vol.237,2004 ColloidChemistryI Long-RangeChargeTransferinDNAI VolumeEditor:Antonietti,M. VolumeEditor:Schuster,G.B. Vol.226,2003 Vol.236,2004 ModernMassSpectrometry SpinCrossoverinTransitionMetal VolumeEditor:Schalley,C.A. CompoundsIII Vol.225,2003 VolumeEditors:G(cid:1)tlich,P.,Goodwin,H.A. Vol.235,2004 Transition Metal and Rare Earth Compounds III Excited States, Transitions, Interactions Volume Editor: Hartmut Yersin With contributions by R. Beaulac · H. B(cid:3)lisle · G. Bussi(cid:4)re, C.-M. Che · C. Daniel A. Hauser · S. Kairouani · S.-W. Lai · V.S. Langford · C. Lescop D. Luneau · U. Oetliker · A. Pillonnet · C. Reber · P. Rey P.A. Tanner · M.E. von Arx · H. Yersin TheseriesTopicsinCurrentChemistrypresentscriticalreviewsofthepresentandfuturetrendsin modernchemicalresearch.Thescopeofcoverageincludesallareasofchemicalscienceincluding theinterfaceswithrelateddisciplinessuchasbiology,medicineandmaterialsscience.Thegoalof eachthematicvolumeistogivethenonspecialistreader,whetherattheuniversityorinindustry,a comprehensiveoverviewofanareawherenewinsightsareemergingthatareofinteresttoalarger scientificaudience. Asarule,contributionsarespeciallycommissioned.Theeditorsandpublisherswill,however,always bepleasedtoreceivesuggestionsandsupplementaryinformation.PapersareacceptedforTopicsin CurrentChemistryinEnglish. InreferencesTopicsinCurrentChemistryisabbreviatedTopCurrChemandiscitedasajournal. VisittheTCCcontentathttp://www.springerlink.com/ LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2004112159 ISSN0340-1022 ISBN3-540-20948-4Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork DOI10.1007/b83770 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerial isconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broad- casting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherways,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationof thispublicationor partsthereofis only permittedunder theprovisionsoftheGerman Copyright LawofSeptember9,1965,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtained fromSpringer-Verlag.ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. 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Coverdesign:K(cid:1)nkelLopka,Heidelberg/design&productionGmbH,Heidelberg Typesetting:St(cid:1)rtzAG,W(cid:1)rzburg Printedonacid-freepaper02/3020ra–543210 Volume Editor Prof.Dr.HartmutYersin Insitutf(cid:1)rPhysikalische undTheoretischeChemie Universit(cid:6)tRegensburg Universit(cid:6)tsstraße31 93053Regensburg Germany [email protected] Editorial Board Prof.Dr.ArmindeMeijere Prof.K.N.Houk Institutf(cid:1)rOrganischeChemie DepartmentofChemistry derGeorg-August-Universit(cid:6)t andBiochemistry Tammannstraße2 UniversityofCalifornia 37077G(cid:2)ttingen,Germany 405HilgardAvenue E-mail:[email protected] LosAngeles,CA90024-1589,USA E-mail:[email protected] Prof.Dr.HorstKessler Prof.Jean-MarieLehn Institutf(cid:1)rOrganischeChemie TUM(cid:1)nchen InstitutdeChimie Lichtenbergstraße4 Universit(cid:3)deStrasbourg 85747Garching,Germany 1rueBlaisePascal,B.P.Z296/R8 E-mail:[email protected] 67008StrasbourgCedex,France E-mail:[email protected] Prof.StevenV.Ley Prof.StuartL.Schreiber UniversityChemicalLaboratory ChemicalLaboratories LensfieldRoad HarvardUniversity CambridgeCB21EW,GreatBritain 12OxfordStreet E-mail:[email protected] Cambridge,MA02138-2902,USA E-mail:[email protected] Prof.Dr.JoachimThiem Institutf(cid:1)rOrganischeChemie Prof.BarryM.Trost Universit(cid:6)tHamburg DepartmentofChemistry Martin-Luther-King-Platz6 StanfordUniversity 20146Hamburg,Germany Stanford,CA94305-5080,USA E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected] Prof.Dr.FritzV(cid:2)gtle Prof.HisashiYamamoto ArthurHollyComptonDistinguished Kekul(cid:3)-Institutf(cid:1)rOrganischeChemie Professor undBiochemiederUniversit(cid:6)tBonn DepartmentofChemisty Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1 TheUniversityofChicago 53121Bonn,Germany 5735SouthEllisAvenue E-mail:[email protected] Chicago,IL60637 733-702-5059,USA E-mail:[email protected] Topics in Current Chemistry Also Available Electronically ForallcustomerswhohaveastandingordertoTopicsinCurrentChemistry, weoffertheelectronicversionviaSpringerLinkfreeofcharge.Please contactyourlibrarianwhocanreceiveapasswordforfreeaccesstothefull articlesby registeringat: http://www.springerlink.com Ifyoudonothaveasubscription,youcanstillview thetablesofcontents ofthevolumesandtheabstractofeacharticlebygoingtotheSpringerLink Homepage,clickingon“BrowsebyOnlineLibraries”,then“Chemical Sciences”,andfinallychooseTopicsinCurrentChemistry. Youwillfindinformationaboutthe –EditorialBoard –AimsandScope –InstructionsforAuthors –SampleContribution athttp://www.springeronline.comusingthesearchfunction. Preface Foralongtime,thepropertiesoftransitionmetalandrareearthcompounds have fascinated chemists and physicists from a scientific point of view. Re- cently, also the enormous potential of these compounds as new materials has become evident. Applications in different fields are now established, such as new laser materials, IR to visible upconversion materials, systems involving photoredox processes for solar energy conversion, new photo- voltaic devices, phosphorescent sensors, and in particular electrolumines- centdevices(OLEDs).Theapplicationsmentionedaredirectly relatedtothe properties of the electronic ground state and the lower-lying excited states. Metal complexes with organic ligands or organometallic compounds exhibit outstanding featuresascomparedtopurelyorganicmolecules.For instance, metal compounds can often be prepared and applied in different oxidation states. Furthermore, various types of low-lying electronic excitations can be induced by a suitable choice of the metal center and/or the ligands, such as metal-centered (MC, e.g. d-d* or f-f* transitions), ligand-centered (LC, e.g. p-p*), metal-to-ligand-charge transfer (MLCT, e.g. d-p*), intra-ligand- charge-transfer(ILCT)transitions,etc.Inparticular,theorbitalsinvolvedin the resulting lowest excited states determine the photophysical and photo- chemical properties and thus the specific use of the compound. It is also high interesting that the lowest excited electronic states can be shifted over the large energy range from the U.V. to the I.R. by chemical variation of the ligands and/or the central metal ion. Moreover, these excited states have mostly spin-multiplicities different from those of the electronic ground states. Thus, in contrast to organic molecules, spin-orbit coupling induced by the metal center is of crucial importance, for example, for the splitting and the population and decay dynamics of these multiplets as well as for transition probabilities and emission quantum yields. In summary, transi- tion metal and rare earth compounds can be prepared with photophysical properties that areover awide range user-definable. Inview of the fascinat- ing potential of these compounds, it is of substantial interest to develop a deeper understanding of their photophysical properties. In this volume1, 1 See also the preceding volumes, Electronic and Vibronic Spectra of Transition Metal ComplexesIandII,editedbyH.Yersin,TopicsinCurrentChemistry171(1994)and191 (1997)andtwocompanionvolumes,TransitionMetalandRareEarthCompounds–Excit- edStates,Transitions,InteractionsIandII,editedbyH.Yersin,TopicsinCurrentChemis- try213(2001)and214(2001) VIII Preface leading scientists present modern researchtrends in comprehensive reviews whichnotonly provideadeepinsight intothespecific subjects, butarealso written in a style that enables researchers from related fields and graduate studentstofollow theinteresting presentations.Iamconvincedthatthecon- tributions in the present and in the companion volumes demonstrate the attractiveness and the great potential for applications of metal compounds and that a more detailed understanding of the photophysical properties will openpathwaysfornewdevelopments. Regensburg,Germany April2004 HartmutYersin Contents TripletEmittersforOLEDApplications.Mechanisms ofExcitonTrappingandControlofEmissionProperties H.Yersin.................................................... 1 LuminescentCyclometalatedDiiminePlatinum(II)Complexes: PhotophysicalStudiesandApplications S.-W.Lai·C.-M.Che .......................................... 27 PhotophysicalPropertiesofThree-Dimensional TransitionMetalTris-OxalateNetworkStructures A.Hauser·M.E.vonArx·V.S.Langford·U.Oetliker·S.Kairouani A.Pillonnet.................................................. 65 ExcitedStatesandOpticalSpectroscopyofNitronylNitroxides andtheirLanthanideandTransitionMetalComplexes G.Bussi(cid:1)re·R.Beaulac·H.B(cid:2)lisle·C.Lescop·D.Luneau·P.Rey C.Reber .................................................... 97 ElectronicSpectroscopyandPhotoreactivityofTransitionMetal Complexes:QuantumChemistryandWavePacketDynamics C.Daniel.................................................... 119 Spectra,EnergyLevelsandEnergyTransferinHighSymmetry LanthanideCompounds P.A.Tanner.................................................. 167 AuthorIndexVolumes201-241 ................................. 279 SubjectIndex ............................................... 291 Contents of Volume 213 Transition Metal and Rare Earth Compounds Excited States, Transitions, Interactions I Volume Editor: Hartmut Yersin ISBN 3-540-67986-3 HighPressureProbesofElectronicStructureandLuminescence PropertiesofTransitionMetalandLanthanideSystems K.L.Bray ExcitedStateSpectroscopyandExcitedStateDynamicsofRh(III) andPd(II)ChelatesasStudiedbyOpticallyDetectedMagnetic ResonanceTechniques M.Glasbeek LuminescentMetalComplexes:DiversityofExcitedStates A.Vogler·H.Kunkely
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