Transformations of the Swedish Welfare State: From Social Engineering to Governance? PDF
Preview Transformations of the Swedish Welfare State: From Social Engineering to Governance?
Transformations of the Swedish Welfare State This page intentionally left blank Transformations of the Swedish Welfare State From Social Engineering to Governance? Edited by Bengt Larsson University of Gothenburg, Sweden Martin Letell University of Gothenburg, Sweden and Håkan Thörn University of Gothenburg, Sweden Selection and editorial matter © Bengt Larsson, Martin Letell and Håkan Thörn 2012. Individual chapters © their respective authors 2012. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2012 978-0-230-29341-0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2012 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-33285-4 ISBN 978-0-230-36395-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230363953 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 Contents List of Tables and Figures vii Acknowledgements viii Notes on Contributors ix Part I Approaching the Swedish Model 1 Transformations of the Swedish Welfare State: Social Engineering, Governance and Governmentality – An Introduction 3 Bengt Larsson, Martin Letell and Håkan Thörn 2 Pathways of the Welfare State: Growth and Democracy 23 Martin Peterson Part II Security and Control 3 The Swedish Welfare-Warfare Nexus and the New Security Architecture 41 Hans Glimell 4 Governing Unruly Technology: Swedish Politicians and Nuclear Power 56 Göran Sundqvist 5 Social Policy Reforms in Sweden: New Perspectives on Rights and Obligations 71 Ulla Björnberg 6 Labour Market Policies in Transition: From Social Engineering to Standby-Ability 86 Mattias Bengtsson and Tomas Berglund 7 Decentring Economic Regulation and Control: Reinforcing Trust through Self-Regulation 104 Bengt Larsson and Oskar Engdahl 8 Criminal Records: Governing Symbols 120 Christel Backman v vi Contents Part III Public Health 9 The Advanced Liberal Logic of Nicotine Replacement and the Swedish Invention of Smoking as Addiction 137 Mark Elam and Andreas Gunnarsson 10 From Medicine by Wire to Governing Wireless: Changing Geographies of Healthcare 153 Jesper Petersson 11 Governing End of Life: The Case of Sweden 168 Nora Machado des Johansson 12 Governing by Drugs: The Denial of Subsidy for Viagra Use in Sweden 181 Ebba Sjögren and Ericka Johnson Part IV The City 13 Governing Movements in Urban Space 199 Håkan Thörn 14 From Hidden Homophiles to Public Rainbows: A Story of Liberation? 215 Cathrin Wasshede 15 Real Estate Ownership Concentration and Urban Governance 230 Michael Landzelius 16 Homelessness as Politics and Market 247 Cecilia Hansen Löfstrand 17 Conclusions: Re-Engineering the Swedish Welfare State 262 Håkan Thörn and Bengt Larsson Afterword: Social Change, Scholarly Change and Scholarly Continuity 283 Göran Therborn References 287 Index 320 List of Tables and Figures Tables 8.1 Employers with legal access to the Criminal Records Registry 124 8.2 Number of requests to the Criminal Records Registry: Subject access and childcare workers and teachers. Source: SOU (2009: 44) 126 15.1 Values in billion SEK of real estate held by the seven major owners in the Inom Vallgraven district 237 15.2 Number of owners 1970–2010 of the 72 properties today held by the seven major p roperty-holders in the Inom Vallgraven district 238 Figures 6.1 Unemployment rate 15–64 years. Per cent. Source: OECD (2010b) 94 6.2 Total expenditures on labour market programmes. Share of GDP for percentage point unemployed. Source: Own calculations based on OECD (2010a) 94 6.3 Expenditures on labour market programmes. Share of GDP for percentage point unemployed.Source: Own calculations based on OECD (2010a) 95 9.1 Advertisement of smokeless tobacco by the Swedish Tobacco Company. Source: Tobaksbladet, Swedish Tobacco Company (1973) 144 vii Acknowledgements This book has grown from a collective process that started in the form of a seminar on how to understand contemporary practices of governing and recent historical displacements of governmental rationalities. The editors wish to thank all of those who attended and contributed to the discussions at this seminar at the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. So while the project was initiated and directed by the editors, the actual style of governing was a mix between democratic deliberation, pragmatic dictatorship and individual responsibilization. Accordingly, we would like to thank all the authors of the individual chapters for the engagement shown throughout the process and for the input given when we have encountered various theoretical, empirical and practical issues. On a special note we want to express thanks to Ericka Johnson for the valuable support at the initial stage of this project, and to Hans Glimell, Michael Landzelius and Cecilia Hansen Löfstrand for critical readings of both the introduction and the conclusion. We are also grateful to Björn Halleröd and Lennart Nilsson for kindly taking on the task of reading and commenting on the first draft of the book manuscript. Thanks also to Philippa Grand at Palgrave Macmillan for supporting the book project. Apart from this, we want to show our appreciation to the Department of Sociology at the University of Gothenburg, and especially its former Head of Department, Anna-Karin Kollind, for moral and financial support. Martin Letell’s work as editor was partly funded by The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (FORMAS). Håkan Thörn’s work as editor, and the research on which his chapter is based, was partly funded by The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation (((Riksbankens Jubileumsfond) and FORMAS. viii Notes on Contributors Christel Backman is a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. Her research interest is surveillance studies, and she is currently studying the use of criminal records in hiring, and the regulation of employer access to criminal history data. She recently published in Acta Sociologica 54(1): ‘Vocabularies of Motive among Employers Conducting Criminal Background Checks’. Mattias Bengtsson has a Ph.D. in Sociology and has a p ost- doctoral position at the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. His main area of research is labour and employment relationships, and his current research is on social class, the trade unions, and labour market policies. A recent publication is Negotiating Alone or Through the Union? Swedish Employees’ Attitudes in 1997 and 2006 (2011). Tomas Berglundd is an Associate Professor at the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. His research areas are in the field of working life and labour market sociology. He is also active in the field of political sociology. Ulla Björnbergg is Professor Emerita affiliated to the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. She has been working within the fields of family, gender, social policy, health and well-being of asylum seeking children and families. She has recently published inSociological Research Online and Sociologica – Italian Journal of Sociology Online. Mark Elam is an Associate Professor at the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. His research traverses the sociology of sci- ence, technology, risk and the environment, and in separate projects he is currently addressing two classic objects of risk – tobacco and nuclear waste. His most recent publications have appeared in journals such as Environmental Politics and The Journal of Risk Research. Oskar Engdahl is an Associate Professor at the Department of Sociology, University of Gothenburg. He received his Ph.D. in Sociology with a thesis on the development of tax havens and their connection to eco- nomic crime. His current research focuses on the motivation, opportu- nity and control of crime in banking and finance. ix
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