Transformation of Education Policy (Transformations of the State)

301 Pages·2010·1.75 MB·English

by  Kerstin Martens, Alexander-Kenneth Nagel, Michael Windzio, Ansgar Weymann

Transformations of the State
Series Editors: Achim Hurrelmann, Carleton University, Canada; Stephan Leibfried,
University of Bremen,Germany; Kerstin Martens, University of Bremen, Germany;
Peter Mayer, University of Bremen, Germany.
Titles include:
Joan DeBardeleben and Achim Hurrelmann (editors)
DEMOCRATIC DILEMMAS OF MULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE
Legitimacy, Representation and Accountability in the European Union
Klaus Dingwerth
THE NEW TRANSNATIONALISM
Transnational Governance and Democratic Legitimacy
Achim Hurrelmann, Steffen Schneider and Jens Steffek (editors)
LEGITIMACY IN AN AGE OF GLOBAL POLITICS
Achim Hurrelmann, Stephan Leibfried, Kerstin Martens and Peter Mayer (editors)
TRANSFORMING THE GOLDEN-AGE NATION STATE
Anja P. Jakobi
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND LIFELONG LEARNING
From Global Agendas to Policy Diffusion
Kerstin Martens, Alessandra Rusconi and Kathrin Leuze (editors)
NEW ARENAS OF EDUCATION GOVERNANCE
The Impact of International Organizations and Markets on Educational Policy Making
Kerstin Martens, Alexander-Kenneth Nagel, Michael Windzio and Ansgar Weymann (editors)
TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION POLICY
Thomas Rixen
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INTERNATIONAL TAX GOVERNANCE
Peter Starke
RADICAL WELFARE STATE RETRENCHMENT
A Comparative Analysis
Jens Steffek, Claudia Kissling, Patrizia Nanz (editors)
CIVIL SOCIETY PARTICIPATION IN EUROPEAN AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
A Cure for the Democratic Deficit?
Michael J. Warning
TRANSNATIONAL PUBLIC GOVERNANCE
Networks, Law and Legitimacy
Hartmut Wessler, Bernhard Peters, Michael Brűggemann, Katharina Kleinen-von
Kőnigslőw, Stefanie Sifft
TRANSNATIONALIZATION OF PUBLIC SPHERES
Hartmut Wessler (editor)
PUBLIC DELIBERATION AND PUBLIC CULTURE
The Writings of Bernhard Peters, 1993–2005
Jochen Zimmerman, Jörg R. Werner, Philipp B. Volmer
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE IN ACCOUNTING
Public Power and Private Commitment
Transformations of the State
Series Standing Order ISBN 978–1–4039–8544–6 (hardback) 978–1–4039–8545–3
(paperback)
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This illustration is taken from the original etching in Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan
of 1651. Palgrave Macmillan and the editors are grateful to Lucila Muñoz-
Sanchez and Monika Sniegs for their help in redesigning the original to illus-
trate what “transformations of the state” might mean. The inscription at the top
of the original frontispiece reads “non est potestas Super Terram quae Comparetur
ei” (Job 41.33): “there is no power on earth which can be compared to him”. In
the Bible, this refers to the sea-monster, Leviathan. (Original Leviathan image
reprinted courtesy of the British Library.)
Transformation of Education
Policy
Edited By
Kerstin Martens
Associate Professor of International Relations, University of Bremen, Germany
Alexander-Kenneth Nagel
Assistant Professor of Sociology of Religion, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
Michael Windzio
Professor of Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, University of Bremen, Germany
Ansgar Weymann
Professor of Sociology, Department of Social Sciences, University of Bremen, Germany
Editorial matter and selection © Kerstin Martens, Alexander-Kenneth Nagel,
Michael Windzio, Ansgar Weymann 2010
All remaining chapters © respective authors 2010
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this
publication may be made without written permission.
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save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence
permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,
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Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication
may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
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work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published 2010 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
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ISBN: 978–0–230–24634–8 hardback
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully
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Contents
List of Illustrations vii
List of Abbreviations ix
Acknowledgments by the Editors xii
Series Editors’ Preface xiii
Notes on Contributors xv
Part I Theory and Methods
1 Introduction—Education Policy in Transformation 3
A lexander- Kenneth Nagel, Kerstin Martens, and
Michael Windzio
2 Measuring Transformation of Education Policy—a
Mixed- Method Approach 28
A lexander-K enneth Nagel, Tonia Bieber, Anja P. Jakobi,
Philipp Knodel, Dennis Niemann, and Janna Teltemann
Part II Historical Settings
3 The Educating State—Historical Developments and
Current Trends 53
Ansgar Weymann
Part III Country Case Studies
4 Turn of the Tide—New Horizons in German Education
Policymaking through IO Influence 77
Dennis Niemann
5 Playing the Multilevel Game in Education—the PISA Study
and the Bologna Process Triggering Swiss Harmonization 105
Tonia Bieber
6 What’s England Got to Do with It? British Underestimation
of International Initiatives in Education Policy 132
Philipp Knodel and Heiko Walkenhorst
v
vi Contents
7 Education Policy in New Zealand—Successfully Navigating
the International Market for Education 153
Michael Dobbins
8 A Contrasting Case—the U.S.A. and Its Weak Response to
Internationalization Processes in Education Policy 179
Michael Dobbins and Kerstin Martens
Part IV Comparative Analyses
9 Comparing Education Policy Networks 199
Alexander-K enneth Nagel
10 The Internationalization of Education Policy in a
Cross- National Perspective 227
Anja P. Jakobi, Janna Teltemann, and Michael Windzio
Conclusion
11 E ducation Policy, Globalization, and the Changing
Nation State—Accelerating and Retarding Conditions 261
M ichael Windzio, Kerstin Martens, and
Alexander-K enneth Nagel
Index 277
Illustrations
Tables
1.1 Principled beliefs of education 16
3.1 University attendance in Europe, 1910–1995 (number
of students compared to the number of 20–24- year-o lds) 60
5.1 The instruments of the reform project “HarmoS” 114
9.1 Structural change, synopsis 206
9.2 Positional change 210
9.3 Sending ranks of international actors 214
9.4 Degrees of change 223
10.1 Welfare regimes in countries of this study 232
10.2 Change of selected indicators of secondary and
tertiary education 236
10.3 O utcomes of secondary education policy—math
achievement and inequality, OLS regressions 244
10.4 O utput of secondary education policy—school
autonomy indicators, OLS regressions 245
10.5 Determinants of delta-convergence—Finland’s
education policy as an ideal-type, OLS regressions 246
10.6 I nstitutional and political determinants of tertiary
education policies—fixed and random effects models 248
10.7 Institutional and political determinants of
tertiary education policies—random effects
models, EU countries 249
10A.1 O utput of secondary education policy—school
autonomy indicators and level of teachers’
input, OLS regressions 255
Figures
1.1 T heoretical model for explaining changing education
policymaking 17
1.2 Research design and case selection 20
2.1 Methodological pluralism in a multidimensional setting 31
2.2 Mixed- methods network 46
3.1 Front- page coverage of education 68
vii
viii Illustrations
3.2 International coverage of education (percentage of
all front- page articles on education) 68
4.1 The education system of the Federal Republic of Germany 81
5.1 The Swiss education system 108
7.1 Relationships between key actors in
the tertiary education system 166
9.1 National education politics: Modes of political interaction 203
9.2 Change of density 207
9.3 Change of centralization 208
9.4 International actors in the German policy network 216
9.5 International actors in the Swiss policy network 218
9.6 International actors in the English policy network 219
9.7 I nternational actors in the New Zealand policy network 221
10.1 PISA reading achievement 237
10.2 Share of students in the working population 238
Abbreviations
AICGS American Institute for Contemporary German Studies
ASPAC Asia Pacific Network of Science and Technology Centres
B.A. Bachelor’s degree
BBT B undesamt für Berufsbildung und Technologie
F ederal Office for Professional Education and Technology
BFS Bundesamt für Statistik
Federal Statistical Office
BFUG Bologna Follow-up Group
BMBF Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Federal Ministry of Education and Research
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CRUS Rektorenkonferenz der Schweizer Universitäten
Rectors’ Conference of the Swiss Universities
DAAD Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst
German Academic Exchange Service
DCSF Department for Children, Schools and Families
DIUS Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills
ECTS European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System
EDI Eidgenössisches Departement des Innern
Federal Department of Home Affairs
EDK Konferenz der kantonalen Erziehungsdirektoren
Swiss Conference of Cantonal Ministers of Education
ERASMUS European Region Action Scheme for the Mobility of
University Students
ERO Education Review Office
ETH Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
EU European Union
EUA European University Association
EVD Eidgenössisches Volkswirtschaftsdepartement
Federal Department of Economic Affairs
FAZ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
FE Fixed Effects
FH Fachhochschule
University of Applied Sciences
ix