Traffic and Granular Flow '15

641 Pages·2016·34.844 MB·English

by  Victor L. Knoop, Winnie Daamen (eds.)

Victor L. Knoop
Winnie Daamen
Editors
raffic and
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ranular low ’15
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123
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Traf c and Granular Flow 15
Victor L. Knoop Winnie Daamen
(cid:129)
Editors
fi ’
Traf c and Granular Flow 15
123
Editors
Victor L. Knoop Winnie Daamen
Transport &Planning Transport &Planning
Delft University of Technology Delft University of Technology
Delft Delft
TheNetherlands TheNetherlands
ISBN978-3-319-33481-3 ISBN978-3-319-33482-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-33482-0
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016941317
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 49-06, 82C03, 82C05, 82C21, 82C27, 82C70, 82C80,
90B15,90-06,91-06
©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016
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Printedonacid-freepaper
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fi
International Scienti c Committee
(cid:129) Cécile Appert-Rolland, Paris-Sud University Orsay, France
(cid:129) Jean-Michel Auberlet, IFSTTAR, France
(cid:129) Stefania Bandini, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
(cid:129) Robert Bertini, Calpoly, USA
(cid:129) Nicolai Bode, University of Essex, England
(cid:129) Christine Buisson, IFSTTAR, France
(cid:129) Michael Cassidy, University of California at Berkeley, USA
(cid:129) Mohcine Chraibi, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
(cid:129) Maria Davidich, Siemens AG, Germany
(cid:129) Bart De Schutter, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
(cid:129) Vikash Gayah, Penn State University, USA
(cid:129) Samer Hamdar, George Washington University, USA
(cid:129) Serge Hoogendoorn, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
(cid:129) Timon Idema, Leiden University, The Netherlands
(cid:129) Anders Johansson, University of Bristol, UK
(cid:129) Boris Kerner, Daimler AG, Germany
(cid:129) Tobias Kretz, PTV Group, Germany
(cid:129) Gerta Köster, University of Applied Sciences Munich, Germany
(cid:129) Sylvain Lassare, IFSTTAR, France
(cid:129) Jean-Patrick Lebacque, IFSTTAR, France
(cid:129) Sueng Jae Lee, University of Illinois, USA
(cid:129) Hani Mahmassani, Northwestern University, USA
(cid:129) Reinhart Kühne, German Aerospace Center, Germany
(cid:129) Kai Nagel, Berlin University of Technology, Germany
(cid:129) Katsuhiro Nishinari, University of Tokyo, Japan
(cid:129) Vincenzo Punzo, Ispra, Italy
(cid:129) Michel Rascle, University of Nice, France
(cid:129) Meead Saberi, Monash University, Australia
(cid:129) Ludger Santen, University of Saarland, Germany
(cid:129) Majid Sarvi, Monash University, Australia
(cid:129) Andreas Schadschneider, University of Cologne, Germany
v
vi InternationalScientificCommittee
(cid:129) Dingena Schott, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
(cid:129) Michael Schreckenberg, University of Duisburg, Germany
(cid:129) Armin Seyfried, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
(cid:129) WeiGuo Song, University of Science and Technology of China
(cid:129) Albert Steiner, ZHAW School of Engineering, Switzerland
(cid:129) Yuki Sugiyama, University of Nagoya, Japan
(cid:129) Guy Théraulaz, University of Toulouse, France
(cid:129) Martin Treiber, Technical University of Dresden, Germany
(cid:129) Stefan van der Spek, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
(cid:129) Peter Vortisch, Institute für Verkehrswesen, Germany
(cid:129) Peter Wagner, German Aerospace Center, Germany
(cid:129) Eddie Wilson, University of Bristol, UK
(cid:129) Gao Zi-you, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing
Preface
These are theproceedings ofthe eleventh edition ofthe Traffic and Granular Flow
conference,heldfrom28to30October2015intheNetherlands.Thiseditionofthis
worldwidebiannualconferenceisorganisedbytheDelftUniversityofTechnology,
whereitreturnsafter12years.Whatstartedasaone-timeeventin1995hasgrown
in 20 years to a conference series with a very good scientific reputation.
The conference is known for facilitating links between various disciplines. In
thisedition,wehadamongotherthingscontributionsonpedestrianflow,vehicular
flow, granular flow, and biological flow. The proceedings provide a concise
overview ofthe mostimportantdevelopments inthis fieldover thepast twoyears.
It consists of 79 high-quality papers; contributions come from over 30 countries,
spreadoverallcontinents.Webelievethisbookpresentsrecentinnovativeinsights
and provides a long-term reference for scientific work.
We are grateful for the financial support given by the Transport Institute of the
Delft University of Technology. Moreover, organising this conference would not
have been possible without the help of many colleagues. For help in preparing the
conference, we would like tomention Nicole Fontein, Priscilla Hanselaar, Jeanette
van Leeuwen, Julia Barelds, Ilse Galama and Fieke Beemster. In the preparation
of the proceedings, we value the help of Tjeerd Oudkerk. Also, the help of the
internationalscientificcommitteeinassessingtheabstractsishighlyacknowledged,
as well as the assistance of the previous organisers.
Shortlybeforetheconference,MatthiasCraesmeyerhasdeceased.Thisisagreat
loss for the field, which has lost a talented young scholar.
WearehappytocontributetothetraditionofSpringerproceedingsoftheTraffic
and Granular Flow conference, and are looking forward to the next edition,
organised in 2017 by Samer Hamdar in Washington DC.
Delft Victor L. Knoop
February 2016 Winnie Daamen
vii
Contents
Part I Pedestrians
Methodology for Generating Individualised Trajectories
from Experiments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Wolfgang Mehner, Maik Boltes and Armin Seyfried
Advances in Measuring Pedestrians at Dutch Train Stations
Using Bluetooth, WiFi and Infrared Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Jeroen van den Heuvel, Danique Ton and Kim Hermansen
Avoiding Walls: What Distance Do Pedestrians Keep
from Walls and Obstacles? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Ernst Bosina, Mark Meeder, Beda Büchel and Ulrich Weidmann
Estimation of Density Levels in the Holy Mosque
from a Network of Cameras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Yasir S. Ali, Basim Zafar and Mohammed Simsim
Is Slowing Down Enough to Model Movement on Stairs?. . . . . . . . . . . 35
Gerta Köster, Daniel Lehmberg and Felix Dietrich
Data-Driven Characterisation of Multidirectional
Pedestrian Traffic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Marija Nikolić, Michel Bierlaire and Flurin Hänseler
Asymmetric Pedestrian Dynamics on a Staircase Landing
from Continuous Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Alessandro Corbetta, Chung-Min Lee, Adrian Muntean
and Federico Toschi
Experimental Study of High-Density Pedestrian Flow Field
Characteristics at a Crossing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Liping Lian, Weiguo Song, Yuen Kwok Kit Richard
and Chunlin Wu
ix
x Contents
Empirical Study of the Influence of Social Groups
in Evacuation Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Cornelia von Krüchten, Frank Müller, Anton Svachiy,
Oliver Wohak and Andreas Schadschneider
Detection of Steady State in Pedestrian Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Weichen Liao, Antoine Tordeux, Armin Seyfried, Mohcine Chraibi,
Xiaoping Zheng and Ying Zhao
Statistical Models for Pedestrian Behaviour in Front
of Bottlenecks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Nikolai W.F. Bode and Edward A. Codling
Congestion Dynamics in Pedestrian Single-File Motion. . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Verena Ziemer, Armin Seyfried and Andreas Schadschneider
Determining the Density Experienced by Pedestrians
in Unstable Flow Situations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Dorine C. Duives, Winnie Daamen and Serge P. Hoogendoorn
Individual Microscopic Results of Bottleneck Experiments . . . . . . . . . . 105
Marek Bukáček, Pavel Hrabák and Milan Krbálek
Modelling Stride Length and Stepping Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Isabella von Sivers, Gerta Köster and Benedikt Kleinmeier
Experimental Study on the Influence of Step Phase
in Pedestrian Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Chi Liu, Weiguo Song and Siuming Lo
The Influence of Moore and von-Neumann Neighbourhood
on the Dynamics of Pedestrian Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Christian Rogsch
Simulation of People Flow by a New Fuzzy Discrete
Automata Model and an Ergonomic Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Henrique C. Braga, Gray F. Moita and Paulo E.M. Almeida
The Inflection Point of the Speed–Density Relation
and the Social Force Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Tobias Kretz, Jochen Lohmiller and Johannes Schlaich
Sensitivity Analysis of the Local Route Choice Parameters
of the Continuum Model Regarding Pedestrian Movement
Phenomena. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Dorine C. Duives, Winnie Daamen and Serge P. Hoogendoorn
How to Get a Model in Pedestrian Dynamics to Produce Stop
and Go Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Felix Dietrich, Stefan Disselnkötter and Gerta Köster
Contents xi
A Force-Based Model to Reproduce Stop-and-Go Waves
in Pedestrian Dynamics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Mohcine Chraibi, Antoine Tordeux and Andreas Schadschneider
Impact of Impulse Stops on Pedestrian Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Jaeyoung Kwak, Hang-Hyun Jo, Tapio Luttinen
and Iisakki Kosonen
Investigation on Cooperative Avoiding Behaviour
in Bi-directional Flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Daichi Yanagisawa
A Queuing Model Based on Social Attitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Gerta Köster and Benedikt Zönnchen
How Do People Queue? A Study of Different Queuing Models . . . . . . . 201
Angelika Kneidl
The Relationship Between the Waiting Crowd
and the Average Service Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Oliver Handel and André Borrmann
How Do We Wait? Fundamentals, Characteristics,
and Modelling Implications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Michael J. Seitz, Stefan Seer, Silvia Klettner, Oliver Handel
and Gerta Köster
Collision-Free Speed Model for Pedestrian Dynamics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Antoine Tordeux, Mohcine Chraibi and Armin Seyfried
Finite Element Simulation of a Macroscopic Model
for Pedestrian Flow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Rebekka Axthelm
A Unified Pedestrian Routing Model Combining Multiple
Graph-Based Navigation Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Peter M. Kielar, Daniel H. Biedermann, Angelika Kneidl
and André Borrmann
Wayfinding and Cognitive Maps for Pedestrian Models . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Erik Andresen, David Haensel, Mohcine Chraibi and Armin Seyfried
Adaptive Tactical Decisions in Pedestrian Simulation:
A Hybrid Agent Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Luca Crociani, Giuseppe Vizzari and Stefania Bandini
Evacuation Dynamics of Asymmetrically Coupled
Pedestrian Pairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Frank Müller and Andreas Schadschneider