Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria PDF
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Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria Traditional Herbal Medicines for Modern Times Each volume in this series provides academia, health sciences and the herbal medicines industry with in-depth coverage of the herbal remedies for infectious diseases, certain medical conditions or the plant medicines of a particular country. Edited by Dr. Roland Hardman Volume 1 Shengmai San, edited by Kam-Ming Ko Volume 2 Rasayana, by H.S.Puri Volume 3 Sho-Saiko-To and Related Formulations, by Yukio Ogihara and Masaki Aburada Volume 4 Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria, edited by Merlin Willcox, Gerard Bodeker, and Philippe Rasoanaivo Traditional Herbal Medicines for Modern Times Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria Edited by Merlin Willcox, Gerard Bodeker, and Philippe Rasoanaivo CRC PRESS Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C. This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.” Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Traditional medicinal plants and malaria/edited by Merlin Willcox, Gerard Bodeker, Philippe Rasoanaivo. p. cm.—(Traditional herbal medicines for modern times; v. 4) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0- 415-30112-2 (alk. paper) 1. Antimalarials. 2. Herbs—Therapeutic use. 3. Traditional medicine— Tropics. I. Willcox, Merlin. II. Bodeker, Gerard. III. Rasoanaivo, Philippe. IV. Title. V. Series. RC159.A5T735 2004 616.9'362061–dc22 2004043569 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. 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Visit the CRC Press Web site at www.crcpress.com © 2004 by CRC Press LLC No claim to original U.S. Government works ISBN 0-203-50232-9 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-57274-2 (Adobe e-Reader Format) International Standard Book Number 0-415-30112-2 (Print Edition) Library of Congress Card Number 2004043569 Dedication To those who use nature to prevent and treat, to those who rely on this for their healthcare, and to those who seek to understand and make nature’s wisdom available to all in the historic and collective effort to combat malaria. Contents Foreword xxii David A.Warrell Introduction xxvi Gerard Bodeker PART 1 Traditional Medicine and Malaria Control Chapter1 Malaria Control in Africa and the Role of Traditional Medicine 2 Andrew Y.Kitua and Hamisi M.Malebo PART 2 Case Studies of Plant-Based Medicines for Malaria Chapter2 Cinchona 22 Mark Honigsbaum and Merlin Willcox Chapter3 Artemisia annua as a Traditional Herbal Antimalarial 48 Merlin Willcox, Gerard Bodeker, Geneviève Bourdy, Vikas Dhingra, Jacques Falquet, Jorge F.S.Ferreira, Bertrand Graz, Hans-Martin Hirt, Elisabeth Hsu, Pedro Melillo de Magalhães, Damien Provendier, and Colin W.Wright Chapter4 Changshan (Dichroa febrifuga)—Ancient Febrifuge and Modern 69 Antimalarial: Lessons for Research from a Forgotten Tale Sean Hsiang-lin Lei and Gerard Bodeker Chapter5 Ayush-64 94 V.P.Sharma Chapter6 Neem (Azadirachta indica) 103 Merlin Willcox and Joanne Chamberlain Chapter7 Malarial-5: Development of an Antimalarial Phytomedicine in Mali 134 Drissa Diallo, Ababacar Maïga, Chiaka Diakité, and Merlin Willcox Chapter8 Cryptolepis sanguinolenta 151 Jonathan Addae-Kyereme Chapter9 Strychnos myrtoides: A Case Study of a Chemosensitising 162 Medicinal Plant David Ramanitrahasimbola, Jacques Ranaivoravo, Herintsoa Rafatro, Philippe Rasoanaivo, and Suzanne Ratsimamanga-Urverg PART 3 Ethnomedical Research Chapter10 Frequency of Use of Traditional Herbal Medicines for the 186 Treatment and Prevention of Malaria: An Overview of the Literature Merlin Willcox and Gerard Bodeker Chapter11 An Overview of Ethnobotanical Studies on Plants Used for the 217 Treatment of Malaria Merlin Willcox, Gemma Burford, and Gerard Bodeker Chapter12 The Discovery of Indigenous Febrifuges in the British East Indies, 231 c. 1700–1820 Mark Harrison Chapter13 The Ayurvedic Perspective on Malaria 237 P.M.Unnikrishnan, S.N.Venugopal, Sarika D’Souza, and Darshan Shankar Chapter14 Guidelines for Ethnobotanical Studies on Traditional Antimalarials 248 Nina L.Etkin, Maria do Céu de Madureira, and Gemma Burford PART 4 Laboratory Research Chapter15 Pharmacological Properties of the Active Constituents of Some 265 Traditional Herbal Antimalarials Colin W.Wright Chapter16 Guidelines for the Nonclinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of 292 Traditional Antimalarials Philippe Rasoanaivo, Eric Deharo, Suzanne Ratsimamanga- Urverg, and François Frappier Chapter17 Models for Studying the Effects of Herbal Antimalarials at 310 Different Stages of the Plasmodium Life Cycle Dominique Mazier, J.K.Franetich, M.Carraz, O.Silvie, and P.Pino Chapter18 Guidelines for the Preclinical Evaluation of the Safety of 321 Traditional Herbal Antimalarials Merlin Willcox, Shingu K.Gamaniel, Motlalepula G.Matsabisa, Jean René Randriasamimanana, Charles O.N.Wambebe, and Philippe Rasoanaivo PART 5 Clinical Research Chapter19 An Overview of Clinical Studies on Traditional Herbal 341 Antimalarials Merlin Willcox and Gerard Bodeker Chapter20 Observational Methods for Assessing Traditional Antimalarials 357 BertrandGraz Chapter21 Guidelines for Clinical Studies on Herbal Antimalarials 368 Merlin Willcox and Idowu Olanrewaju PART 6 Repellence and Vector Control Chapter22 An Overview of Plants Used as Insect Repellents 393 Sarah J.Moore and Annick D.Lenglet Chapter23 Guidelines for Studies on Plant-Based Insect Repellents 418 Sarah J.Moore and RITAM Vector Control Group Chapter24 An Overview of Plants Used for Malaria Vector Control 430 Adebayo A.Gbolade Chapter25 Guidelines for Studies on Plant-Based Vector Control Agents 447 Adebayo A.Gbolade, Nzira Lukwa, Dibungi T.Kalenda, Christophe Boëte, and Bart G.J.Knols Epilogue: Prospects for the Future 472 Merlin Willcox Glossary of Technical Terms and Abbreviations 478 Index 480
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