Toxins and Drug Discovery PDF
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Toxinology P. Gopalakrishnakone Editor-in-Chief Lourdes J. Cruz Sulan Luo Editors Toxins and Drug Discovery Toxinology Editor-in-Chief P.Gopalakrishnakone Inrecentyears,thefieldoftoxinologyhasexpandedsubstantially.Ontheonehandit studies venomous animals, plants and microorganisms indetailto understand their mode of action on targets. While on the other, it explores the biochemical compo- sition,genomicsandproteomicsoftoxinsandvenomstounderstandtheirinteraction with life forms (especially humans), development of antidotes and exploring their pharmacological potential. Therefore, toxinology has deep linkages with biochem- istry, molecular biology, anatomy and pharmacology. In addition, there is a fast- developingappliedsubfield,clinicaltoxinology,whichdealswithunderstandingand managingmedicaleffectsoftoxinsonhumanbody.Giventhehugeimpactoftoxin- based deaths globally, and the potential of venom in generation of drugs for so-far incurablediseases(forexample,diabetes,chronicpain),thecontinuedresearchand growthofthefieldisimminent.Thishasledtothegrowthofresearchintheareaand the consequent scholarly output by way of publications in journals and books. Despite this ever-growing body of literature within biomedical sciences, there is still no all-inclusive reference work available that collects all of the important biochemical,biomedicalandclinicalinsightsrelatingtotoxinology. Composed of 12 volumes, Toxinology provides comprehensive and authoritative coverage of the main areas in toxinology, from fundamental concepts to new developments and applications in the field. Each volume comprises a focused and carefullychosencollectionofcontributionsfromleadingnamesinthesubject. SeriesTitles 1. BiologicalToxinsandBioterrorism 2. ClinicalToxinologyintheAsiaPacificandAfrica 3. SpiderVenoms 4. ScorpionVenoms 5. MarineandFreshwaterToxins 6. VenomGenomicsandProteomics 7. SnakeVenoms 8. EvolutionofVenomousAnimalsandTheirVenoms 9. MicrobialToxins 10. PlantToxins 11. ToxinsandDrugDiscovery 12. ClinicalToxinologyinAustralia,Europe,andAmericas Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/13330 P. Gopalakrishnakone Editor-in-Chief (cid:129) Lourdes J. Cruz Sulan Luo Editors Toxins and Drug Discovery With70Figuresand44Tables Editor-in-Chief P.Gopalakrishnakone VenomandToxinResearchProgramme DepartmentofAnatomy YongLooLinSchoolofMedicine NationalUniversityofSingapore Singapore,Singapore Editors LourdesJ.Cruz SulanLuo MarineScienceInstitute KeyLaboratoryofTropicalBiological UniversityofthePhilippinesDiliman Resources QuezonCity,Philippines MinistryofEducation KeyLabforMarineDrugsofHaikou HainanUniversity Haikou,Hainan,China ISBN978-94-007-6451-4 ISBN978-94-007-6452-1(eBook) ISBN978-94-007-6453-8(printandelectronicbundle) DOI10.1007/978-94-007-6452-1 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017933846 #SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht2017 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsorthe editorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrors oromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaims inpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V. Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:VanGodewijckstraat30,3311GXDordrecht,TheNetherlands Preface The term TOXIN is derived from the Greek word Toeikov and is defined as a substance derived from tissues of a plant, animal, or microorganism that has a deleterious effect on other living organisms. Studying their detailed structure, function, and mechanism of action as well as finding an antidote to these toxins is thefieldofTOXINOLOGY,andthescientistsarecalledTOXINOLOGISTS. In recent years, the field of toxinology has expanded substantially. On the one hand, it studies venomous animals, plants, and microorganisms in detail to understand their habitat, distribution, identification, as well as mode of action on targets, while on the other, it explores the biochemical composition, genomics, and proteomics of toxins and venoms to understand their interaction with life forms(especiallyhumans),thedevelopmentofantidotes,andtheirpharmacological potentialfordrugdiscovery.Therefore,toxinologyhasdeeplinkageswithbiochem- istry, molecular biology, anatomy, pharmacology, etc. In addition, there is a fast developingappliedsubfield,clinicaltoxinology,whichdealswithunderstandingand managing medical effects of venoms and toxins on the human body following envenomations. Given the huge impact of envenomation-based deaths globally and the potential of venom in the generation of drugs for debilitating diseases (e.g., diabetes, chronicpain, andcancer),thecontinued researchandgrowth ofthe fieldisimminent. Springerhastakentheboldinitiativeofproducingthisseries,whichisnotaneasy target of producing about 12 volumes, namely, biological toxins and bioterrorism, clinical toxinology, scorpion venoms, spider venoms, snake venoms, marine and freshwater toxins, toxins and drug discovery, venom genomics and proteomics, evolutionofvenomousanimalsandtheirtoxins,planttoxins,andmicrobialtoxins. Thisvolumedealsmainlywiththespecializedaspectoftoxinsanddrugdiscov- ery. Man has been using natural resources especially plants to treat diseases from very early times in history of mankind. Although many drugs derived from plants and microbes have been discovered and being used in clinical practice, not many drugs have been developed from venoms and toxins although many laboratories v vi Preface worldwide are actively working on it. This volume describe some of the recent developmentsinthisresearcharea,suchassnakevenoms,conotoxins,bioinformat- icsindrugdiscoveryfrompeptidetoxins. Singapore P.Gopalakrishnakone M.B.B.S.,Ph.D.,F.A.M.S.,D.Sc. Editor-in-Chief Acknowledgments I would like to sincerely thank the section editors of this volume, Lourdes J. Cruz and Sulan Luo for the invaluable contribution of their expertise and time and the authorswhoobligedwithmyrequestandprovidedacomprehensivereviewonthe topics. Springerprovidedsubstantialtechnicalandadministrativehelpbymanyindivid- ualsatvaryinglevels,butspecialmentionshouldgotoSarahMathews,SunaliMull, MeghnaSingh,MokshikaGaur,andAudreyWongfortheirtirelesseffortinbringing thesevolumestoreality. Singapore P.Gopalakrishnakone M.B.B.S.,Ph.D.,F.A.M.S.,D.Sc. Editor-in-Chief vii Contents PartI SnakeVenoms ...................................... 1 1 CrotoxinfromCrotalusdurissusterrificusandCrotoxin-Related Proteins:StructureandFunctionRelationship ............... 3 GrazynaFaure,DorotaPorowinska,andFrederickSaul 2 DexamethasoneAntagonizesMyotoxicandInflammatory EffectsInducedbyBothropsSnakeVenoms .................. 21 FernandoC.Patrão-Neto,MarceloA.Tomaz,andPauloA.Melo 3 InflammatoryActionofSecretoryPhospholipasesA from 2 SnakeVenoms ......................................... 35 SoraiaK.P.Costa,EniltonA.Camargo,andEdsonAntunes 4 NaturalInhibitorsofSnakeVenomMetallopeptidases ......... 53 AnaG.C.Neves-Ferreira,RichardH.Valente,GilbertoB.Domont,and JonasPerales 5 ProductionandUtilizationofSnakeAntivenomsin SouthAmerica ......................................... 81 JorgeKalilandHuiWenFan 6 SnakeVenomComponentsasBasisforBiologicallyActive SyntheticPeptides ...................................... 103 IgorE.KasheverovandVictorI.Tsetlin 7 AntiproliferativeEffectsofSnakeVenomPhospholipasesA 2 andTheirPerspectivesforCancerTreatment ................ 129 AlexeyV.OsipovandYuriN.Utkin PartII Conotoxins ....................................... 147 8 ConotoxinsandDrugDiscoverywithSpecialReferenceto HainanSpecies ........................................ 149 SulanLuo,XiaopengZhu,YongWu,andDongtingZhangsun ix x Contents 9 ConotoxinsasToolsinResearchonNicotinicReceptors ........ 189 ElsieC.JimenezandLourdesJ.Cruz PartIII Peptides ......................................... 205 10 RandomPeptideLibraryforLigandandDrugDiscovery ...... 207 TaiKubo 11 SyntheticPeptidesandDrugDiscovery ..................... 231 KazukiSato PartIV Miscellaneous .................................... 251 12 BeeVenomandPain .................................... 253 JunChenandSu-MinGuan 13 L-AminoAcidOxidasefromVenoms ....................... 295 PayelBhattacharjee,JyotirmoyMitra,andDebasishBhattacharyya 14 MyotoxinInhibitors .................................... 321 NorivalAlvesSantos-Filho,LucasBlundiSilveira,and JoharaBoldrini-França 15 ComputationalApproachesforAnimalToxinstoAidDrug Discovery ............................................. 351 PriyadarshiniP.PaiandSukantaMondal 16 ToadPoisonandDrugDiscovery .......................... 373 ElisaCorreaFornariBaldo,FernandoAntonioPinoAnjolette, ElianeCandianiArantes,andMateusAmaralBaldo 17 VenomsasSourcesofNovelAnti-ParasiticAgents ............ 401 CamilaM.AdadeandThaïsSouto-Padrón 18 IntriguingCystine-KnotMiniproteinsinDrugDesignand Therapeutics .......................................... 437 PriyadarshiniP.PaiandSukantaMondal Index .................................................... 457
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