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TOXICON An interdisciplinary journal on the toxins from animals, plants and microorganisms Editor: Alan L. Harvey Volume 34, 1996 ©} Pergamon TOXICON An Interdisciplinary Journal on the Toxins Derived from Animals, Plants and Microorganisms. Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology. Editor-in-Chief Prof. ALAN L. HARVEY, Dept of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, Royal College, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XW, U.K. Receiving Editor, North America Prof. VINCENT A. CHIAPPINELLI, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, U.S.A. Review Editor Prof. Dr GERHARD HABERMEHL, Dept of Chemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 3000 Hannover 1, Germany Editorial Council . ANGELIDES, Houston E. HABERMANN, Giessen . MIDDLEBROOK, Frederick . E. C. BANKS, London J. B. HARRIS, Newcastle-upon-Tyne . MINTON Jr, Indianapolis . L. BIEBER, Tempe R. C. HiperR, London . Norton, Parkville . W. BuRNETT, Baltimore R. J. HUXTABLE, Tucson LSNES, Oslo . W. CARMICHAEL, Dayton H. IKEZAWA, Nagoya . Ownsy, Stillwater . DAJAS, Montevideo M. IsMAIL, Riyadh OwrnI EuK,p Aem sterdam . W. DALY, Bethesda C. Y. Kao, New York _D. POSSANI, Cuernavaca . O. Dotty, London E. KARLSSON, Uppsala . ROSENBERG, Storrs . F. EL-ASMAR, Cairo W. R. KEM, Gainesville . E. RUSSELL, Tucson : E. FLETCHER, Philadelphia E. Kocuva, Tel-Aviv . T. SHIER, Minneapolis L. FREIRE-MAIA, Belo Horizonte F. KORNALIK, Prague . STOCKER, Basel P. GOPALAKRISHNAKONE, Singapore M. LAZDUNSKI, Nice . R. STRICHARTZ, Boston E. GRISHIN, Moscow F. S. MARKLANDJR , Los Angeles . N. STRONG, London F. GUBENSEK, Ljubljana D. Mess, Frankfurt . D. G. THEAKSTON, Liverpool J. M. GUTIERREZ, San José A. MENEZ, Gif-sur-Yvette UAR.Y PA .T WOARRREESLLE, MVOxUforrdA NY International Society on Toxinology President: Dr Charlotte L. Ownby, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, U.S.A. Secretary-Treasurer: Dr D. Mebs, Zentrum der Rechtsmedizin, Kennedyallee 104, 6000 Frankfurt am Main 70, Germany. The purpose of this society is to advance knowledge on the properties of toxins and antitoxins and to bring together scholars interested in these substances through a common society. Membership consists of those who have conducted and published meritorious original investigations in toxinology, while persons who do not qualify for membership but are interested in the field of toxinology are eligible for associate membership. Further information concerning the Society and applications for membership may be obtained from the Secretary- Treasurer. Publishing and Advertising Offices Elsevier Science Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, U.K.., Tel. (01865) 843000, Fax. (01865) 843010. Production Editor (Elsevier Science Ltd): Liz Walker Annual Institutional Subscription Rates 1997: Europe, The CIS and Japan 1997.00 Dutch Guilders. All other countries US$1233.00. Dutch Guilder prices exclude VAT. Non-VAT registered customers in the European Community will be charged the appropriate VAT in addition to the price listed. Prices include postage and insurance, and are subject to change without notice. Members of the International Society of Toxinology may order personal subscriptions at a concessional rate and details of these rates are available on request For orders, claims, product enquiries (no manuscript enquiries) please contact the Customer Support Department at the Regional Sales Office nearest to you: The Americas: Elsevier Science, Customer Support Department, P.O. Box 945, New York, NY 10010, U.S.A. [Tel: (+ 1) 212-633-3730/1-888 4ES-INFO. Fax: (+1) 212-633-3680. E-mail: [email protected]]. Japan: Elsevier Science Customer Support Department, 9-15 Higashi-Azabu 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106, Japan [Tel: (+ 3) 5561-5033. Fax: ( + 3) 5561-5047. E-mail: [email protected]]. Asia Pacific (excluding Japan): Elsevier Science (Singapore) Pte Ltd, No. 1 Temasek Avenue, 17-01 Millenia Tower, Singapore 039192 [Tel: (+ 65) 434-3727. Fax: (+ 65) 337-2230. E-mail: [email protected]]. Rest of the World: Elsevier Science Customer Service Department, P.O. Box 211, 1001 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands [Tel: ( + 31) 20-485-3757. Fax: ( + 31) 20-485-3432. E-mail: [email protected]]. Back Issues of all previously published volumes, both in hard copy and on microform, are available direct from Elsevier Science offices (Oxford, New York). Published monthly PERIODICALS POSTAGE PAID AT NEWARK, NJ. Toxicon (ISSN 0041-0101) is published monthly by Elsevier Science Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OXS 1GB, U.K. The annual subscription in the U.S.A. is $1233. Toxicon is distributed by Mercury Airfreight International Ltd, 10 Camptown Road, Irvington, NJ 07111-1105, U.S.A. POSTMASTER: please send address corrections to Toxicon, c/o Elsevier Science RSO, Customer Support Department, 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010, U.S.A. Copyright © 1996, Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved LIST OF CONTENTS 1996 Vo3l4, .No. 1 Instructions for Contributors to Toxicon Report and Abstracts Third Symposium of the Brazilian Society on Toxinology (Sociedade Brasileira de Toxinologia—SBTx) M. Roseghini, C. Severini, Review Article—Choline esters and biogenic amines in the G. F. Erspamer and V. Erspamer hypobranchial gland of 55 molluscan species of the neogastropod Muricoidea superfamily X.-Y. Lin, M. Ishida, Y. Nagashima A polypeptide toxin in the sea anemone Actinia equina homologous and K. Shiomi with other sea anemone sodium channel toxins: isolation and amino acid sequence J. C. Daltry, G. Ponnudurai, C. K. Shin, Electrophoretic profiles and biological activities: intraspecific variation N.-H. Tan, R. S. Thorpe and W. Wiister in the venom of the Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma) S. Bernardini, S. Cannata, S. Filoni, Effect of ammodytin L from the venom of Vipera ammodytes on P. Luly and S. Rufini Xenopus laevis differentiated muscle fibres and regenerating limbs L. Sjostrom, C. Karlson-Stiber, H. Persson, Development and clinical application of immunoassays for European I. H. Al-Abdulla and D. C. Smith adder (Vipera berus berus) venom and antivenom I.-H. Tsai, P.-J. Lu and J.-C. Su Two types of Russell’s viper revealed by variation in phospholipases A, from venom of the subspecies E. Ito, T. Yasumoto and K. Terao Morphological observations of diarrhea in mice caused by experimen- tal ciguatoxicosis N. D. Nascimento, C. S. Seebart, Influence of ionizing radiation on crotoxin: biochemical and immuno- B. Francis, J. R. Rogero and I. I. Kaiser logical aspects Short Communication H. K. Abbas and R. T. Riley The presence and phytotoxicity of fumonisins and AAL-toxin in Alternaria alternata Announcement 7th International Congress of the European Association for Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology (EAVPT) Bibliography of Toxinology International Society on Toxinology- Membership Application Vo3l4, .No. 2 Report and Abstracts 141 First International Congress on Envenomations and Their Treatments B. J. Hawgood 171 Review Article—Sir Joseph Fayrer MD FRS (1824-1907) Indian Medical Service: snakebite and mortality in British India Ill IV List of Contents Maung-Maung-Thwin, Synaptosomal binding of 'I-labelled daboiatoxin, a new PLA, P. Gopalakrishnakone, R. Yuen neurotoxin from the venom of Daboia russelli siamensis and C. H. Tan M.-Z. Huang and Pathological changes induced by an acidic phospholipase A, from P. Gopalakrishnakone Ophiophagus hannah venom on heart and skeletal muscle of mice after systemic injection J. J. Fiordalisi, P. L. James, Y. Zhang Facile production of native-like x-bungarotoxin in yeast: an enhanced and G. A. Grant system for the production of a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor probe S. V. Pierini, D. A. Warrell, A. De Paulo High incidence of bites and stings by snakes and other animals among and R. D. G. Theakston rubber tappers and Amazonian Indians of the Jurua valley, Acre State, Brazil M. Adler, D. A. Macdonald, L. C. Sellin Effect of 3,4-diaminopyridine on rat extensor digitorum longus muscle and G. W. Parker paralyzed by local injection of botulinum neurotoxin M. Corona, M. Zurita, L. D. Possani Cloning and characterization of the genomic region encoding toxin and B. Becerril IV-5 from the scorpion Tityus serrulatus Lutz and Mello M. N. Krifi, M. El Ayeb and K. Dellagi New procedures and parameters for better evaluation of Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot) scorpion envenomations and specific serotherapy treatment B. R. Singh, T. Lopes and M. A. Silvia Immunochemical characterization of type A botulinum neurotoxin in its purified and complexed forms R. S. Konya and R. C. Elliott The coronary vasoconstrictor action of extract IV from the dahlia sea anemone Tealia felina L. Bibliography of Toxinology International Society on Toxinology— Membership Application Vol. 34, No. 3 Abstracts of Lectures 285 Fifth Pan American Symposium on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins R. Chapel! and P. Rosenberg 339 In vitro binding of synaptic vesicles to the synaptic plasma membrane: lack of effect of B-bungarotoxin E. P. Carmody, K. J. James and S. S. Kelly 351 Dinophysistoxin-2: the predominant diarrhoetic shellfish toxin in Ireland R. J. Fearon and A. M. Cameron 361 Larvotoxic extracts of the hard coral Goniopora tenuidens: allelochemicals that limit settlement of potential competitors? A. Alape-Giron, B. G. Stiles 369 Antibody-mediated neutralization and binding-reversal studies on and J. M. Gutiérrez a-neurotoxins from Micrurus nigrocinctus nigrocinctus (coral snake) venom M. L. Fernandez, A. Miguez, E. Cacho Detection of okadaic acid esters in the hexane extracts of Spanish and A. Martinez mussels List of Contents Short Communication S. Sofer, M. Gueron, R. M. White, 389 Interleukin-6 release following scorpion sting in children M. Lifshitz and R. N. Apte International Society on Toxinology—Membership Application Vol. 34, No. 4 Letters to the Editor M. Gueron and R. Ilia Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema after scorpion envenomation: a true entity? W. Wister and A. L. Harvey Reviews of venomous snake syster tics in Toxicon W. Wiister Review Article—Taxonomic changes and toxinology: systematic revisions of the Asiatic cobras (Naja naja species complex) B. Q. Wu, L. Yang. C. Y. Kao, 11-Oxo-tetrodotoxin and a specifically labelled *H-tetrodotoxin S. R. Levinson, M. Yotsu- Yamashita and T. Yasumoto M. P. O’Keefe, D. Nedelkov, A. L. Bieber Evidence for isomerization in myotoxin a from the prairie rattlesnake and R. A. Nieman (Crotalus viridis viridis) G. Arie-Saadia, S. Sofer, E. Zlotkin Effect of Leiurus quinquestriatus hebreus venom on calcium and and A. Shainberg deoxyglucose uptake in cultured cardiac cells A. Garateix, A. Flores, Antagonism of glutamate receptors by a chromatographic fraction J. M. Garcia-Andrade, A. Palmero, from the exudate of the sea anemone Phyllactis flosculifera A. Aneiros, R. Vega and E. Soto F. Zambrano and E. Canelo Effects of microcystin-LR on the partial reactions of the Na*-K* pump of the gill of carp (Cyprinus carpio Linneo) J. Prado-Franceschi, S. Hyslop, J. C. Cogo, The effects of Duvernoy’s gland secretion from the xenodontine A. L. Andrade, M. Assakura, colubrid Philodryas olfersii on striated muscle and the neuromuscular M. A. Cruz-H6fling junction: partial characterization of a neuromuscular fraction and L. Rodrigues-Simioni Y.-H. Tsai, D.-F. Hwang, T. Chai Occurrence of paralytic toxin in Taiwanese crab Atergatopsis germaini and S.-S. Jeng V. I. Kalinin, N. G. Prokofieva, Hemolytic activities of triterpene glycosides from the holothurian G. N. Likhatskaya, E. B. Schentsova, order Dendrochirotida: some trerds in the evolution of this group of I. G. Agafonova, S. A. Avilov toxins and O. A. Drozdova Short Communications Y.-M. Wang, J.-H. Wang, F.-M. Pan Lys-49 phospholipase A, homologs from venoms of Deinagkistrodon and I.-H. Tsai acutus and Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus have identical protein sequence K. Hamasaki, K. Kogure and K. Ohwada A biological method for the quantitative measurement of tetrodotoxin (TTX): tissue culture bioassay in combination with a water-soluble tetrazolium salt VI List of Contents A. Carli, S. Bussotti, G. L. Mariottini 496 Toxicity of jellyfish and sea-anemone venoms on cultured V79 cells and L. Robbiano Bibliography of Toxinology 501 Erratum Reviews International Society on Toxinology— Membership Application Vol. 34, No. 5 Letter to the Editor P. N. Strong, M. Stocker and D. H. Jenkinson Apamin binding proteins and oligosaccharyltransferases N. A. Pereira, R. J. S. Jaccoud Review Article—Triaga Brasilica: renewed interest in a seventeenth- and W. B. Mors century panacea B. G. Kotak, S. Semalulu, D. L. Fritz, Hepatic and renal pathology of intraperitoneally administered E. E. Prepas, S. E. Hrudey microcystin-LR in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and R. W. Coppock G. S. Shephard, L. van der Westhuizen, Disruption of sphingolipid metabolism in non-human primates P. G. Thiel, W. C. A. Gelderblom, consuming diets of fumonisin-containing Fusarium moniliforme culture W. F. O. Marasas material and D. J. van Schalkwyk K. Maaroufi, L. Chekir, E. E. Creppy, Zearalenone induces modifications of haematological and biochemical F. Ellouz and H. Bacha parameters in rats B. J. Hopkins, W. C. Hodgson Evidence for adrenergic and tachykinin activity in venom of the and S. K. Sutherland stonefish (Synanceja trachynis) A. S. Aguiar, C. R. Alves, A. Melgarejo Purification and partial characterization of a thrombin-like/gyroxin and S. Giovanni-De-Simone enzyme from bushmaster (Lachesis muta rhombeata) venom A. Rucavado and B. Lomonte Neutralization of myonecrosis, hemorrhage, and edema induced by Bothrops asper snake venom by homologous and heterologous pre-existing antibodies in mice D. M. Anderson, D. M. Kulis, Y.-Z. Qi, Paralytic shellfish poisoning in southern China L. Zheng, S. Lu and Y.-T. Lin G. D’Suze, F. Corona, L. D. Possani High performance liquid chromatography purification and amino acid and C. Sevcik sequence of toxins from the muscarinic fraction of Tityus discrepans scorpion venom Short Communications L. A. F. Ferreira, E. W. Alves, M. S. Lucas Isolation and characterization of a bradykinin potentiating peptide and G. G. Habermehl (BPP-S) isolated from Scaptocosa raptoria venom R. A. Cooper and R. J. Huxtable A simple procedure for determining the aqueous half-lives of pyrrolic metabolites of pyrrolizidine alkaloids J. Siigur, K. Tonismagi, A. T. Tu Cross-reactivities of polyclonal antibodies against lebetase, fibrinolytic and E. Siigur enzyme of Levantine viper (Vipera lebetina) venom List of Contents Vil R. K. Bortoleto, R. J. Ward, J. R. Giglio, 614 Crystallization of bothropstoxin II isolated from the venom of A. C. O. Cintra and R. K. Arni Bothrops jararacussu Bibliography of Toxinology International Society on Toxinology— Membership Application Vo3l4, .No. 6 P. Gopalakrishnakone 621 First Asia—Pacific anatomical conference: symposium on neuro- toxicology, Singapore A. S. Kamiguti, C. R. M. Hay, 627 Review Article—Insights into the mechanism of haemorrhage caused R. D. G. Theakston and M. Zuzel by snake venom metalloproteinases E. Ito, M. Ohkusu and T. Yasumoto 643 Intestinal injuries caused by experimental palytoxicosis in mice P. A. Melo and C. L. Ownby 653 Different sensitivity of fast- and slow-twitch muscles to some snake venoms and myotoxins F.-C. T. Chang, R. M. Bauer, B. J. Benton, 671 4-Aminopyridine antagonizes saxitoxin- and tetrodotoxin-induced S. A. Keller and B. R. Capacio cardiorespiratory depression M. Sunagawa, K. Hanashiro, Habutobin releases plasminogen activator (u-PA) from bovine M. Nakamura and T. Kosugi pulmonary artery endothelial cells K.-I. Harada, H. Murata, Z. Qiang, Mass _ spectrometric screening method for microcystins in M. Suzuki and F. Kondo cyanobacteria Short Communications S. Habtemariam Cytotoxicity of extracts from the mushroom Paxillus involutus U. Kuch, D. Mebs, J. M. Gutiérrez Biochemical and biological characterization of Ecuadorian pitviper and A. Freire venoms (genera Bothriechis, Bothriopsis, Bothrops and Lachesis) C. Cervefiansky, R. Duran and E. Karlsson Fasciculin: modification of carboxyl groups and discussion of structure—activity relationship Bibliography of Toxinology Review A. M. Vollmar International Society on Toxinology Membership Application Vo3l4, .No. 7 British Venom Group 727 Reports and Abstracts B. R. Singh, L. A. Barcomb-Caddle, 737 Gene probe-based detection of type E botulinum neurotoxin binding F.-N. Fu and B. Li protein using polymerase chain reaction Vill List of Contents A. Tubaro, C. Florio, E. Luxich, S. Sosa, A protein phosphatase 2A inhibition assay for a fast and sensitive R. Della Loggia and T. Yasumoto assessment of okadaic acid contamination in mussels H. Nagai, T. Yasumoto and Y. Hokama Aplysiatoxin and debromoaplysiatoxin as the causative agents of a red alga Gracilaria coronopifolia poisoning in Hawaii F. Aragon-Ortiz, R. Mentele Amino acid sequence of a lectin-like protein from Lachesis muta and E. A. Auerswald stenophyrs venom H. E. Houck, M. M. Lipsky, L. Marzella Toxicity of sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) fishing tentacle and J. V. Burnett nematocyst venom in cultured rat hepatocytes J. P. Quod and J. Turquet Ciguatera in Réunion Island (SW Indian Ocean): epidemiology and clinical patterns T. Kostiza and J. Meier Nerve growth factors from snake venoms: chemical properties, mode of action and biological significance G. L. Zaganelli, M. G. M. Zaganelli Purification and characterization of a fibrinogen-clotting enzyme from A. Magalhaes, C. R. Diniz the venom of jararacucgu (Bothrops jararacussu) and M. E. de Lima Short Communication N. A. de Rezende, C. Chavéz-Olortegui Is the severity of Tityus serrulatus scorpion envenoming related to and C. F. S. Amaral plasma venom concentrations? Bibliography of Toxinology Vol. 34, No. 8 D. Mebs and T. Satoh 825 In Memoriam: Akira Ohsaka R. K. Arni and R. J. Ward Review Article—Phospholipase A,—a structural .review A. F. Licea, B. Becerril and L. D. Possani Fab fragments of the monoclonal antibody BCF2 are capable of neutralizing the whole soluble venom from the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann R. E. Sheridan Protonophore antagonism of botulinum toxin in mouse muscle P. T. Smith Toxic effects of blooms of marine species of Oscillatoriales on farmed prawns (Penaeus monodon, Penaeus japonicus) and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) I. Karasudani, T. Koyama, S. Nakandakari Purification of anticoagulant factor from the spine venom of the and Y. Aniya crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster planci H. Labrousse and L. Matile Toxicological biotest on Diptera larvae to detect ciguatoxins and various other toxic substances S. Yamashita, M. Nakamura, Y. Tokeshi, Effect of Habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis) antivenon: on changes of C. Miyagi, M. Sunagawa and T. Kosugi hemostatic parameters following administration of crude venom from T. flavoviridis in rabbits U. Oka, M. Nakamura, K. Kinjoh %,-Macroglobulin of rabbits inhibits the habutobin activity and T. Kosugi A. R. Nieto, G. B. Gurrola, L. Vaca Noxiustoxin 2, a novel K* channel blocking peptide from the venom and L. D. Possani of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann List of Contents IX R. Draisci, L. Lucentini, L. Giannetti, First report of pectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2) in algae (Dinophysis fortii) P. Boria and R. Poletti related to seafood poisoning in Europe C. Fiorentini, P. Matarrese, A. Fattorossi Okadaic acid induces changes in the organization of F-actin in and G. Donelli intestinal cells S. L. Morton and D. R. Tindall Determination of okadaic acid content of dinoflagellate cells: a comparison of the HPLC-fluorescent method and two monoclonal antibody ELISA test kits Short Communications C. Giese, D. Mebs and B. Werding Resistance and vulnerability of crustaceans to cytolytic sea anemone toxins R. Duran, C. Cervefiansky and E. Karlsson Effect of fasciculin on hydrolysis of neutral and choline esters by butyrylcholinesterase, cobra venom and chicken acetylcholinesterases Bibliography of Toxinology ol. 34, No. 9 A. Tubaro, C. Florio, E. Luxich, R. Vertua, 965 Suitability of the MTT-based cytotoxicity assay to detect okadaic acid R. Della Loggia and T. Yasumoto contamination of mussels K. McLellan, R. E. G. Das, 975 Therapeutic botulinum type A toxin: factors affecting potency T. A. N. Ekong and D. Sesardic Y.H. Ji, P. Mansuelle, S. Terakawa, Two neurotoxins (BMK I and BMK II) from the venom of the C. Kopeyan, N. Yanaihara, K. Hsu scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch: purification, amino acid sequences and H. Rochat and assessment of specific activity I. Krizaj, G. Faure, F. GubenSek Re-examination of crotoxin-membrane interactions and C. Bon M. Ismail, M. H. M. Aly, M. A. Abd-Elsalam A three-compartment open pharmacokinetic model can explain and A. M. Morad variable toxicities of cobra venoms and their alpha toxins ©. L. Ho, Y.L. Lin W..C. Chen, Structural requirements for the edema-inducing and hemolytic L. L. Hwang, H. M. Yu and K. T. Wang activities of Mastoparan B isolated from the hornet (Vespa basalis) venom Mark A. Poli, Victor R. Rivera, Aerosolized specific antibody protects mice from lung injury associated M. Louise Pitt and Peter Vogel with aerosolized ricin exposure Short Communications W. Dias Da Silva, A. C.M . Rocha Campos, Development of an antivenom against toxins of Lonomia obliqua L. R. C. Gongalves, M. C. C. Sousa-e-Silva, caterpillars H. G. Higashi, I. K. Yamagushi and E. M. A. Kelen H. Ishida, N. Muramatsu, H. Nukaya, Study on neurotoxic shellfish poisoning involving the oyster, T. Kosuge and K. Tsuji Crassostrea gigas, in New Zealand Derek Seng Ann Yeo, Jeak Ling Ding Neuroblastoma cell culture assay shows that Carcinoscorpius and Bow Ho rotundicauda haemolymph neutralizes tetrodotoxin C. E. Couet, J. Hopley and A. B. Hanley Metabolic activation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids by human, rat and avocado microsomes Pharmacokinetics of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom determined by Ferreira, C. Chaves-Olortegui, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the rat iniz and L. Freire-Maia Isolation of protein factors from opossum (Didelphis albiventris) serum . Toyama, J. Perales, H. Moussatché, which protect against Bothrops jararaca venom . Domont, B. Oliveira and S. Marangoni X List of Contents J. R. Bloomquist, L. P. Kinne, V. Deutsch 1072 Mode of action of an insecticidal peptide toxin from the venom of a and S. F. Simpson weaving spider (Diguetia canities) Bibliography of Toxinology 1076 International Society on Toxinology— 1 Membership Application Vol. 34, No. 10 Abstracts 1077 3émes Journées des Rencontres en Toxinologie JRT3 (Société Frangaise pour l’Etude des Toxines) M. Kodama, S. Sato, S. Sakamoto 1101 Occurrence of tetrodotoxin in Alexandrium tamarense, a causative and T. Ogata dinoflagellate of paralytic shellfish poisoning S. Pattanaargson and J. Roboz 1107 Determination of hyaluronidase activity in venoms using capillary electrophoresis M. P. Revelo, E. A. Bambirra, A. P. Ferreira, 1119 Body distribution of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom in mice and C. R. Diniz and C. Chavez-Olortegui effects of scorpion antivenom J. A. Kralovec, M. V. Laycock, R. Richards 1127 Immobilization of small molecules on solid matrices: a novel approach and E. Usleber to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening for saxitoxin and evaluation of anti-saxitoxin antibodies . Rego, A. C. Bento, Isolation and partial characterization of a polypeptide from Phoneutria A . B. Lopes-Martins, E. Antunes, nigriventer spider venom that relaxes rabbit corpus cavernosum in vitro . C. Novello, S. Marangoni, J. R. Giglio, Oliveira and G. de Nucci . Holzer and S. P. Mackessy An aqueous endpoint assay of snake venom phospholipase A, A. N. Chanturiya, A. N. Nikolaenko, Probing the structure-function relationship of «-latrotoxin-formed O. Ya. Shatursky and V. K. Lishko channels with antibodies and pronase T. L. Aceret, L. Brown, J. Miller, J. ©. Coll Cardiac and vascular responses of isolated rat tissues treated with and P. W. Sammarco diterpenes from Sinularia flexibilis (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) B. Nijaguna Prasad, K. Kemparaju, A platelet aggregation inhibitor phospholipase A, from Russell’s viper K. G. S. Bhatt and T. Veerabasappa Gowda (Vipera russelli) venom: isolation and characterization Short Communications M. D. Fontana, M. G. Heleno Mode of action of Duvernoy’s gland extracts from the colubrid and O. Vital Brazil Dryadophis bifossatus in the chick biventer cervicis nerve—muscle preparation Y.-M. Wang, J.-H. Wang and I.-H. Tsai Molecular cloning and deduced primary structures of acidic and basic phospholipases A> from the venom of Deinagkistrodon acutus B. Lomonte, G. Leén and L. A. Hanson Similar effectiveness of Fab and F(ab’), antivenoms in the neutraliz- ation of hemorrhagic activity of Vipera berus snake venom in mice C. M. Ward, D. V. Vinogradov, Characterization of mocarhagin, a cobra venom metalloproteinase R. K. Andrews and M. C. Berndt from Naja mocambique mocambique, and related proteins from other Elapidae venoms Reviews Bibliography of Toxinology International Society on Toxinology— Membership Application

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