Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas: Planning and Management PDF
Preview Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas: Planning and Management
TOURISM IN NATIONAL PARKS AND PROTECTED AREAS Planning and Management Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas Planning and Management Paul F.J. Eagles Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Canada and Stephen F. McCool School of Forestry, The University of Montana, USA with contributions by Elizabeth A. Halpenny and R. Neil Moisey CABI Publishing CABIPublishingis a division of CABInternational CABIPublishing CABIPublishing CAB International 10 E 40th Street Wallingford Suite 3203 Oxon OX10 8DE New York, NY 10016 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 212 481 7018 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 212 686 7993 Email:[email protected] Email:[email protected] Web site:www.cabi-publishing.org ©CABInternational2002. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Eagles, Paul F. J., 1949– Tourism in national parks and protected areas : planning and management / by Paul F.J. Eagles and Stephen F.McCool p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ). ISBN 0-85199-589-6 (alk. paper) 1. National parks and reserves--Public use. 2. Protected areas--Public use. 3. National parks and reserves--Management. 4. Protected areas--Management. 5. Tourism--Management. I. McCool, Stephen F. II. Title. SB486.P83 E24 2002 ′ 333.783--dc21 2002000681 ISBN 0 85199 589 6 Typeset by AMADataSetLtd Printed and bound in the UK byBiddlesLtd, Guildford and King’s Lynn C ONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS vii ABOUT THE AUTHORS ix PREFACE xi CHAPTER1 The Ecological and Cultural Goals of National Parks and Protected Areas 1 CHAPTER2 Park Tourism in the World 27 CHAPTER3 Social Roles of Park-based Tourism 51 CHAPTER4 Planning for Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas: Principles and Concepts 71 CHAPTER5 Management of Visitors in National Parks and Protected Areas 97 CHAPTER6 The Manager’s Toolbox 131 CHAPTER7 Monitoring of Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas 149 CHAPTER8 Tourism Services and Infrastructure 171 CHAPTER9 Tourism, Protected Areas and Local Communities 187 CHAPTER10 Tourism in Marine Protected Areas 211 E.A.Halpenny CHAPTER11 The Economics of Tourism in National Parks and Protected Areas 235 R.N.Moisey v vi Contents CHAPTER12 Park Tourism: Marketing and Finance 255 CHAPTER13 Park Tourism Policy 275 CHAPTER14 The Future of Park-based Tourism 295 INDEX 315 C ONTRIBUTORS PaulF.J.Eagles,Professor,DepartmentofRecreationandLeisureStudies, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada Elizabeth A. Halpenny, Nature Tourism Solutions, R.R. #2, Almonte, ON K0A 1A0, Canada Stephen F. McCool, Professor, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-1063, USA R. Neil Moisey, Assistant Professor, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-1063, USA vii A BOUT THE AUTHORS PaulF.J.EaglesisaProfessorintheDepartmentofRecreationandLeisure Studies at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada. He is also a facultymemberintheSchoolofPlanningandtheDepartmentofBiology. Professionally, Dr Eagles is a biologist and a planner who specializes in environmental planning. He has been involved in various aspects of parkmanagementforover30years,asagovernmentemployee,planning consultant, researcher and scholar with more than 270 publications. Since 1995, Dr Eagles has been Chair of the Task Force on Tourism and Protected Areas for the World Commission on Protected Areas. This Commission is part of the World Conservation Union (IUCN). Paul F.J. Eagles ix
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