Tourism and Resilience

244 Pages·2017·3.168 MB·English

by  Richard W. Butler

Tourism and Resilience
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Tourism and Resilience
Edited by
Richard W. Butler
Emeritus Professor, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Butler, Richard, 1943- editor.
Title: Tourism and resilience / edited by Richard Butler.
Description: Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK ; Boston, MA : CABI, 2017. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017002053 (print) | LCCN 2017019733 (ebook) | ISBN 9781780648347 (epdf) |
ISBN 9781780648354 (epub) | ISBN 9781780648330 (hardcover : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Tourism--Environmental aspects. | Sustainable tourism. | Resilience (Ecology)
Classification: LCC G155.A1 (ebook) | LCC G155.A1 .T589136 2017 (print) | DDC 338.4/79104--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017002053
ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 833 0
Commissioning editor: Claire Parfitt
Associate editor: Alexandra Lainsbury
Production editor: James Bishop
Typeset by AMA DataSet, Preston, UK.
Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY.
Contents
Figures vii
Tables viii
Contributors ix
About the Editor xi
Acknowledgements xii
Part 1 IntroductIon 1
1 Introduction 3
Richard Butler
2 The Development of Resilience Thinking 9
Marta Berbés-Blázquez and Daniel Scott
3 Community Tourism Resilience: Some Applications of the Scale, Change and
Resilience (SCR) Model 23
Alan A. Lew, Tsung-chiung Wu, Chin-cheng Ni and Pin T. Ng
Part 2 SocIo-ecologIcal reSIlIence 39
4 Socio-ecological Balance in Community-based Tourism Experiences: a Research
Proposal 41
Esteban Ruiz-Ballesteros
5 Resilience and Destination Governance 53
Valerie A. Sheppard

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vi Contents
6 Resilience and Destination Governance: Whistler, BC 69
Valerie A. Sheppard
Part 3 reSIlIence and reSPonSe to dISaSterS 81
7 Sri Lankan Tourism Development and Implications for Resilience 83
Jeremy Buultjens, Iraj Ratnayake and Athula Chammika Gnanapala
8 Resilience, Tourism and Disasters 96
Susanne Becken and Bijan Khazai
9 Resilience and Perceptions of Problems in Alpine Regions 105
Bruno Abegg, Robert Steiger and Lisa Trawöger
Part 4 reSIlIence In Protected natural areaS and InSular locatIonS 119
10 Tourism Resilience in UK National Parks 121
Janet Cochrane
11 Resilience and Protected Area Tourism in Purnululu National Park:
Understanding Interactions with a Focus on Community Benefits 137
Jennifer Strickland-Munro
12 Resilience and Tourism in Islands: Insights from the Caribbean 150
Arjen Alberts and Godfrey Baldacchino
13 Resilience and Tourism in Remote Locations: Pitcairn Island 163
Maria Amoamo
Part 5 reSIlIence and the tourISm InduStry 181
14 Issues of Resilience, Sustainability and Responsibility in Tourism 183
Harold Goodwin
15 Betting on Casino Tourism Resilience: a Case Study of Casino
Expansion in Macao and the Asia Region 195
Glenn McCartney
16 Resilience as New Political Reality 206
Jonathan Pugh
Part 6 concluSIonS 215
17 Conclusions and Implications 217
Richard Butler
Index 221
Figures
Fig. 2.1. The difference between (a) engineering resilience and (b) ecological resilience. 12
Fig. 2.2. The adaptive cycle containing four stages: growth (r), conservation (K),
release (W) and reorganization (a). 13
Fig. 3.1. The scale, change and resilience (SCR) model of system response to disturbance
and change. (From Lew et al., 2016b.) 26
Fig. 3.2. Potential responses to change events in a tourism system across the scale,
change and resilience (SCR) model. (From Lew et al., 2016b.) 29
Fig. 3.3. Scale, change and resilience model showing magnitude and frequency (SCR2).
(From Lew et al., 2016b.) 31
Fig. 5.1. Map of British Columbia (Destination British Columbia, with permission). 58
Fig. 6.1. Governance and community characteristics of a resilient resort destination. 71
Fig. 8.1. Three components of the Hotel Resilient standard: buildings, systems and
management. 101
Fig. 9.1. Snow reliability in the Eastern Alps with a 1°C warming. 107
Fig. 9.2. The science–industry gap. Suggestions to bridge this gap are shown in the
middle. 110
Fig. 10.1. National Parks in Britain 2016. (From www.NationalParks.gov.uk with
permission.) 124
Fig. 11.1. Conceptual framework for assessing interactions within protected area tourism
systems. (After Resilience Alliance, 2010; Strickland-Munro et al., 2010.) 139
Fig. 13.1. Location of Pitcairn Island. Aus., Australia; Ch., Chile; Fr., France.
(Map by Christian Fleury.) 164
Fig. 13.2. Pitcairn Island (from www.visitpitcairn.pn). 165
Fig. 13.3. The adaptive cycle (from Holling, 2003) and timeline of adaptive capacity and
sustainable livelifhood (SL) on Pitcairn. 168
Fig. 13.4. Access to St Paul’s rock pool and view of Down Rope (photograph by author,
10 November 2008). 170
Fig. 13.5. Pitcairn longboats (photograph by author, 14 March 2009). 174
Fig. 13.6. Pitcairn longboat at sea (photograph by author, 14 March 2009). 175
Fig. 13.7. Cruise ship visits Pitcairn Island (photograph by author, 14 January 2013). 176
Fig. 15.1. Five key factors that influence and determine Asian casino resilience. 199

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Tables
Table 2.1. Definitions of resilience. (Based on Quinlan et al., 2015 with permission;
expanded by authors.) 10
Table 3.1. Characteristics of the scale, change and resilience (SCR) model, with tourism
subsystem examples. (From Lew et al., 2016b.) 26
Table 5.1. Four groups of socio-ecological resilience (SER) factors. (Adapted from
Ruiz-Ballesteros, 2011 and Sheppard and Williams, 2016.) 57
Table 5.2. Analysis of the presence of the four sets of socio-ecological resilience (SER)
factors in Whistler. 60
Table 8.1. Examples of tools developed to encourage disaster preparedness and resilience
measures for tourism. 99
Table 10.1. UK National Parks. (From National Parks UK, nd; and various National Park
management plans.) 125
Table 10.2. Resilience concepts appearing in UK National Park (NP) management plans. 127
Table 10.3. Levels of tourism resilience in UK National Parks. 130
Table 11.1. Proposed indicators to monitor community benefits and the relationship
among the local community, Purnululu and Park tourism. 147
Table 13.1. Vulnerabilities for Pitcairn. 171
Table 13.2. Development projects undertaken on Pitcairn since 2004. 173

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Contributors
Bruno Abegg, Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Also: alpS –
Center for Climate Change Adaptation, Innsbruck, Austria; e-mail: [email protected]
Arjen Alberts, Department Geography, Planning and International Development Studies,
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; e-mail: Arjen.alberts.sxm@gmail.
com
Maria Amoamo, Department of Management, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; e-mail:
[email protected]
Godfrey Baldacchino, Department of Sociology, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; e-mail:
[email protected]
Susanne Becken, Griffith Institute for Tourism, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland,
Australia; e-mail: [email protected]
Marta Berbés-Blázquez, Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo,
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; e-mail: [email protected]
Richard Butler, Strathclyde Business School, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK; e-mail:
[email protected]
Jeremy Buultjens, Southern Cross Business School, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia;
e-mail: [email protected]
Athula Chammika Gnanapala, Department of Tourism Management, Sabaragamuwa University
of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka; e-mail: [email protected]
Janet Cochrane, School of Events, Tourism & Hospitality, Leeds Beckett University, Headingley
Campus, Leeds, UK; e-mail: [email protected]
Harold Goodwin, Institute of Place Management, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester,
UK; e-mail: [email protected]
Bijan Khazai, Centre for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction, Karlsruhe University, Karlsruhe,
Germany; e-mail: [email protected]
Alan A. Lew, Department of Geography, Planning and Recreation, Northern Arizona University,
Flagstaff, Arizona, USA; e-mail: [email protected]
Glenn McCartney MBE, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macao, Macao; e-mail:
[email protected]
Pin T. Ng, W.A. Franke College of Business, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA;
e-mail: [email protected]

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