Torch : North Africa and the Allied path to victory PDF
Preview Torch : North Africa and the Allied path to victory
Naval Institute Press 291 Wood Road Annapolis, MD 21402 © 2015 by Vincent P. O’Hara All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data O’Hara, Vincent P., 1951– Torch: North Africa and the allied path to victory / by Vincent P. O’Hara. 1 online resource. Includes bibliographical references and index. Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed. ISBN 978-1-61251-922-7 (epub) — 1. Operation Torch, 1942. 2. World War, 1939–1945—Campaigns— Africa, North. I. Title. D766.82 940.54’231—dc23 2015021812 Print editions meet the requirements of ANSI/NISO z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 First printing Contents List of Illustrations and Tables Acknowledgments Introduction 1 Situation 2 The Art of Amphibious Warfare 3 Decision 4 Planning and Preparation 5 Opposition 6 Mediterranean Convoys 7 Algiers 8 Oran 9 Atlantic Convoy 10 Port Lyautey 11 Casablanca 12 The Naval Battle of Casablanca 13 The Fall of Casablanca 14 Safi 15 Axis Reaction 16 The Allies Move East 17 Final Roundup Conclusion APPENDIX I. Abbreviations APPENDIX II. French Order of Battle, North Africa, 8 November 1942 APPENDIX III. Allied Order of Battle as of 0100, 8 November 1942 APPENDIX IV. Ships Sunk in Operation Torch Notes Bibliography Index Illustrations and Tables Photos Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston S. Churchill at Marrakech U.S. Rangers practicing an assault Marshal Philippe Pétain Dwight D. Eisenhower and George C. Marshall Landing craft practicing U.S. troops landing in Algeria British monitor Roberts U.S. troops landing east of Oran Soldiers descending a boarding ladder Concert at sea Task Force 34 maneuvering USS Ranger and Gleaves-class destroyers The Kasba USS Dallas The Batterie d’El Hank American soldiers landing near Fédala French battleship Jean Bart The liner Porthos capsized in Casablanca Harbor Gleaves-class destroyer firing to port French contre-torpilleurs Milan and Albatros and light cruiser Primauguet Edward Rutledge at the moment of being torpedoed Light cruiser USS Philadelphia Off Safi Safi from the north Top: Admiral François Darlan and Maj. Gen. Mark Clark; Bottom: Corps General Alphonse Juin and Robert Murphy Italian Fiat G.12 transport aircraft at Tunis Italian M 14 tanks being unloaded in Bizerte French prisoners being taken to Italy Maps 1 .1. France under Axis Occupation 4 .1. Operation Torch Plan and Dispositions 6 .1. Operation Torch Landings 7 .1. Landings at Algiers 7 .2. Algiers Harbor 8 .1. Oran Landings 8 .2. Attack on Oran Harbor 8 .3. Naval Action off Oran, 8 November 8 .4. Naval Action off Oran, 9 November 9 .1. Torch Convoys 1 0.1. Port Lyautey Landings 1 1.1. Fédala Landings 1 1.2. Bombardment of Casablanca 1 2.1. Naval Battle of Casablanca, 0815–0840 1 2.2. Naval Battle of Casablanca, 0840–0940 1 2.3. Naval Battle of Casablanca, 0940–1040 1 2.4. Naval Battle of Casablanca, 1040–1200 1 3.1. Advance on Casablanca and the Naval Battle of 10 November 1 4.1. Safi Landings 1 4.2. Attack on Safi Harbor 1 6.1. The Race to Tunis, 11–16 November Tables 6 .1. Torch Convoys from the United Kingdom to Algeria 1 1.1. Task Group 34.1 Gunnery, Bombardment of Casablanca, 8 November 1942 1 2.1. Gunnery Damage on Warships during Bombardments and Surface Action, Casablanca, 8 November 1942 1 3.1. Landing Craft Losses in Initial Assault, Fédala Area, 8 November 1942
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