Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises PDF
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Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises Committee on the Effective Use of Data, Methodologies, and Technologies to Estimate Subnational Populations at Risk, National Research Council ISBN: 0-309-66672-4, 264 pages, 6 x 9, (2007) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll- free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html Committee on the Effective Use of Data, Methodologies, and Technologies to Estimate Subnational Populations at Risk Board on Earth Sciences and Resources Division on Earth and Life Studies Committee on Population Division of Behavioral and Social Science and Education Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS • 500 Fifth Street, N.W. • Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Govern- ing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineer- ing, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropri- ate balance. This study was supported by the Department of Commerce/U.S. Bureau of Census, Award No. YA1323-04-AE-0084, Department of Health and Human Services/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Contract No. 200-2005-M-13677, De- partment of State, Award Nos. S-LMAQM-05-GR-097 and S-AQMPD-05-C-1176, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Award No. W24749, U.S. Agency for International Development, Award No. DOT-S-00-04-00039-00. Any opinions, fndings, and conclusions or recommendations contained in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily refect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project. Mention of trade names or com- mercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-10354-1 (Book) International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-10354-1 (Book) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-66672-5 (PDF) International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-66672-4 (PDF) Library of Congress Control Number 200792664 Cover: Design by Michael Dudzik. Photo credits: IKONOS satellite image off the island of Java, Indonesia, courtesy of GeoEye; hand-held computer courtesy of U.S. Census Bureau, Public Information Offce (http://www.census.gov/pubinfo/www/ broadcast/photos/img/101_1203-hi.jpg/); Ecuador street scene courtesy of Clara Natoli (Rome, Italy) (http://www.morguefle.com/archive/?display=33223&/). Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet http://www.nap. edu Copyright 2007 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonproft, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientifc and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Acad- emy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientifc and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding en- gineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineer- ing programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is presi- dent of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Insti- tute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has be- come the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the N ational Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientifc and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html COMMITTEE ON THE EFFECTIvE USE OF DATA, METHODOLOgIES, AND TECHNOLOgIES TO ESTIMATE SUbNATIONAL POPULATIONS AT RISk SUSAN L. CUTTER, Chair, University of South Carolina, Columbia MARGARET ARNOLD, The World Bank/ProVention Consortium, Washington, D.C./Geneva DEBORAH BALK, City University of New York, New York BELA HOVY, United Nations Population Division, New York MEI-PO KWAN, Ohio State University, Columbus JONATHAN D. MAYER, University of Washington, Seattle DAVID R. RAIN, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. HAVIDAN RODRIGUEZ, University of Delaware, Newark BARBARA BOYLE TORREY, Population Reference Bureau, Washington, D.C. BILLIE L. TURNER II, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts JOHN R. WEEKS, San Diego State University, California TUKUFU ZUBERI, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia National Research Council Staff ELIZABETH A. EIDE, Study Director (from January 2006) HEDY ROSSMEISSL, Study Director (until January 2006) CAETLIN M. OFIESH, Research Associate TONYA FONG YEE, Program Assistant (from March 2007) NICHOLAS ROGERS, Senior Project Assistant (from August 2006 until March 2007) AMANDA M. ROBERTS, Senior Project Assistant (until August 2006) iv Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html gEOgRAPHICAL SCIENCES COMMITTEE ROGER M. DOWNS, Chair, Pennsylvania State University, University Park BRIAN J. L. BERRY, University of Texas, Dallas SUSAN L. CUTTER, University of South Carolina, Columbia RUTH S. DEFRIES, University of Maryland, College Park WILLIAM E. EASTERLING III, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PATRICIA GOBER, Arizona State University, Tempe MICHAEL F. GOODCHILD, University of California, Santa Barbara SUSAN HANSON, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts JONATHAN D. MAYER, University of Washington, Seattle EMILIO F. MORAN, Indiana University, Bloomington DAVID L. SKOLE, Michigan State University, East Lansing National Research Council Staff PAUL M. CUTLER, Senior Program Offcer VERNA J. BOWEN, Administrative Associate v Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html COMMITTEE ON POPULATION KENNETH W. WACHTER, Chair, University of California, Berkeley ANNE C. CASE, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey EILEEN M. CRIMMINS, University of Southern California, Los Angeles BARBARA ENTWISLE, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill JOSHUA R. GOLDSTEIN, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey BARTHéLéMY KUATE DEFO, University of Montreal, Canada CYNTHIA B. LLOYD, Population Council, New York THOMAS W. MERRICK, The World Bank, Washington, D.C. RUBéN G. RUMBAUT, University of California, Irvine ROBERT J. WILLIS, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor National Research Council Staff BARNEY COHEN, Director ANTHONY MANN, Senior Project Assistant vi Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html bOARD ON EARTH SCIENCES AND RESOURCES GEORGE M. HORNBERGER, Chair, University of Virginia, Charlottesville M. LEE ALLISON, Arizona Geological Survey, Tucson GREGORY B. BAECHER, University of Maryland, College Park STEVEN R. BOHLEN, Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Washington, D.C. KEITH C. CLARKE, University of California, Santa Barbara DAVID J. COWEN, University of South Carolina, Columbia ROGER M. DOWNS, Pennsylvania State University, University Park JEFF DOZIER, University of California, Santa Barbara KATHERINE H. FREEMAN, Pennsylvania State University, University Park RHEA L. GRAHAM, Pueblo of Sandia, Bernalillo, New Mexico ROBYN HANNIGAN, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro MURRAY W. HITZMAN, Colorado School of Mines, Golden V. RAMA MURTHY, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis RAYMOND A. PRICE, Queen’s University, Ontario, Canada BARBARA A. ROMANOWICZ, University of California, Berkeley JOAQUIN RUIZ, University of Arizona, Tucson MARK SCHAEFER, Global Environment and Technology Foundation, Arlington, Virginia RUSSELL STANDS-OVER-BULL, BP American Production Company, Houston, Texas BILLIE L. TURNER II, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts TERRY C. WALLACE, JR., Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico STEPHEN G. WELLS, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada THOMAS J. WILBANKS, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee National Research Council Staff ANTHONY R. DE SOUZA, Director PAUL M. CUTLER, Senior Program Offcer ELIZABETH A. EIDE, Senior Program Offcer DAVID A. FEARY, Senior Program Offcer ANNE M. LINN, Senior Program Offcer ANN G. FRAZIER, Program Offcer SAMMANTHA L. MAGSINO, Program Offcer RONALD F. ABLER, Senior Scholar vii Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html CAETLIN M. OFIESH, Research Associate JENNIFER T. ESTEP, Financial Associate VERNA J. BOWEN, Financial and Administrative Associate JARED P. ENO, Senior Program Assistant NICHOLAS D. ROGERS, Senior Program Assistant TONYA FONG YEE, Program Assistant viii Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Tools and Methods for Estimating Populations at Risk from Natural Disasters and Complex Humanitarian Crises http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11895.html Preface We do not live in a risk-free society, and at any moment somewhere in the world, resident populations are exposed or are responding to natural or human-induced disasters that result in humanitarian crises. The number, demographic characteristics, and locations of the populations at risk dur- ing these crises are often imprecise or unknown, complicating or impeding humanitarian relief and disaster response efforts. Population data—and the tools and the persons trained to analyze and use them—are some of the basic components of humanitarian response efforts and of development and reconstruction programs. Resource-poor nations have the greatest diffculty in obtaining, main- taining, and making available their population databases for purposes of development and humanitarian response and are more likely to require ex- ternal support in responding to natural or human-induced disasters. How- ever, as events surrounding Hurricane Katrina demonstrated, the existence of adequate fnancial resources in the presence of good population data- bases does not always guarantee a completely effective response to assist a population in crisis. Effective use of existing population data in crisis or planning situations also requires coordinated responses by decision makers from national or international through local levels. Improved estimation of populations at risk in resource-poor countries and better use of population data in connection with planning and execut- ing emergency and development aid programs has garnered international attention from a wide spectrum of professionals. Descriptions relayed by emergency workers regarding their planning for and execution of disas- ter and complex humanitarian emergency responses have emphasized the ix Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
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