Too Young to Die: Canada’s Boy Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen in the Second World War PDF
Preview Too Young to Die: Canada’s Boy Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen in the Second World War
Too Young to Die Canada’s boy soldiers, sailors and airmen in the Second World War John Boileau and Dan Black Foreword by General John de Chastelain James Lorimer & Company Ltd., Publishers Toronto To the boy soldiers, sailors and airmen who fought — and in many cases died — for Canada during the Second World War “Older men declare war. But it is youth that must fight and die.” — Herbert Hoover (31st President of the United States, 1874–1964) Organization of the Canadian Armed Forces Overseas CANADIAN ARMY After infantry battalions and armoured regiments of the Canadian army were mobilized, they were assigned to brigades, and then further allocated to divisions and corps. (Battalions and regiments are known as units, while brigades, divisions and corps are known as formations.) Once established, the composition of brigades, divisions and corps usually remained fixed. The allocation of artillery units was generally more flexible, depending on the requirements of a particular operation, but they usually had a permanent home formation. ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY The ships of Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) were not assigned to higher formations on a permanent basis, reflecting the inherent flexibility of sea power. The organization of naval formations, such as squadrons, flotillas, task forces and fleets was not fixed, but based on many different requirements, from ship type to operational necessity. Ships moved in and out of such formations as circumstances dictated. ROYAL CANADIAN AIR FORCE The assignment of Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) squadrons to higher formations, such as wings, groups and commands, remained in flux during much of the war, as new squadrons were formed and the Royal Air Force (RAF) — to which all overseas Canadian squadrons were assigned — reorganized on a frequent basis. Squadrons moved between higher formations as circumstances dictated, demonstrating the intrinsic flexibility air power provides. Canadian Army Overseas (Armoured, Artillery and Infantry units only) First Canadian Army Elgin Regiment (Armoured Delivery Regiment) 1st Army Group, Royal Canadian Artillery 11th Army Field Regiment 1st Medium Regiment 2nd Medium Regiment 5th Medium Regiment 2nd Army Group, Royal Canadian Artillery 19th Army Field Regiment 3rd Medium Regiment 4th Medium Regiment 7th Medium Regiment 2nd Heavy Ant-Aircraft Regiment (Mobile) Royal Montreal Regiment (Army Headquarters Defence Battalion) I Canadian Corps Royal Canadian Dragoons (Corps Armoured Car Regiment) 7th Anti- Tank Regiment 1st Survey Regiment 1st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment) (Corps Defence Company) 1st Canadian Infantry Division 4th Princess Louise Dragoon Guards (Division Reconnaissance Regiment) 1st Field Regiment, RCHA 2nd Field Regiment 3rd Field Regiment 1st Anti-Tank Regiment 2nd Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Saskatoon Light Infantry (MG) (Division Machine Gun Battalion) 1st Infantry Brigade (Division Machine Gun Battalion) 1st Infantry Brigade Royal Canadian Regiment Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment 48th Highlanders of Canada 2nd Infantry Brigade Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry Seaforth Highlanders of Canada Loyal Edmonton Regiment 3rd Infantry Brigade Royal 22e Régiment Carleton and York Regiment West Nova Scotia Regiment 5th Canadian Armoured Division Governor General’s Horse Guards (Division Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment) 17th Field Regiment 8th Field Regiment (Self-Propelled) 4th Anti-Tank Regiment 5th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment 5th Armoured Brigade Lord Strathcona’s Horse (Royal Canadians) 8th Princess Louise’s (New Brunswick) Hussars British Columbia Dragoons Westminster Regiment (Motor) (Brigade Motorized Infantry Battalion) 11th Infantry Brigade Princess Louise Fusiliers (Brigade Independent Machine Gun Company) Perth Regiment Cape Breton Highlanders Irish Regiment of Canada 12th Infantry Brigade (existed temporarily in Italy by conversion or reassignment of units to meet a requirement for additional infantry in theatre) Princess Louise Fusiliers (Brigade Independent Machine Gun Company) (provided by Princess Louise Fusiliers) 4th Princess Louise Dragoon Guards (converted from reconnaissance, replaced in 1st Division by Royal Canadian Dragoons) Lanark & Renfrew Scottish Regiment (converted from 1st Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment) Westminster Regiment (Motor) (reassigned from 5th Armoured Brigade) II Canadian Corps 12th Manitoba Dragoons (Corps Armoured Car Regiment) 6th Anti-Tank Regiment 2nd Survey Regiment 6th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Prince Edward Island Light Horse (Corps Defence Company) 2nd Canadian Infantry Division 14th Canadian Hussars (Division Reconnaissance Regiment) 4th Field Regiment 5th Field Regiment 6th Field Regiment 2nd Anti-Tank Regiment 3rd Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Toronto Scottish Regiment (MG) (Division Machine Gun Battalion) 4th Infantry Brigade Royal Regiment of Canada Royal Hamilton Light Infantry Essex Scottish Regiment 5th Infantry Brigade Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada Régiment de Maisonneuve Calgary Highlanders 6th Infantry Brigade Fusiliers Mont-Royal Queen’s Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada South Saskatchewan Regiment 3rd Canadian Infantry Division 17th Duke of York’s Royal Canadian Hussars (Division Reconnaissance Regiment) 12th Field Regiment 13th Field Regiment 14th Field Regiment 3rd Anti-Tank Regiment 4th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa (MG) (Division Machine Gun Battalion) 7th Infantry Brigade Royal Winnipeg Rifles Royal Winnipeg Rifles Regina Rifle Regiment 1st Battalion, Canadian Scottish Regiment 8th Infantry Brigade Queen’s Own Rifles of Canada Régiment de la Chaudière North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment 9th Infantry Brigade Highland Light Infantry of Canada Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry Highlanders North Nova Scotia Highlanders 4th Canadian Armoured Division South Alberta Regiment (Division Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment) 15th Field Regiment 23rd Field Regiment (Self-Propelled) 5th Anti-Tank Regiment 8th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment 4th Armoured Brigade Governor General’s Foot Guards Canadian Grenadier Guards British Columbia Regiment Lake Superior Regiment (Motor) (Brigade Motorized Infantry Battalion) 10th Infantry Brigade 10th Independent Machine Gun Company (New Brunswick Rangers) Lincoln and Welland Regiment Algonquin Regiment Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders of Canada (Princess Louise’s) 1st Canadian Armoured Brigade Ontario Regiment Three Rivers Regiment Calgary Regiment 2nd Canadian Armoured Brigade 1st Hussars Fort Garry Horse Sherbrooke Fusiliers Regiment Canadian units that served with British formations Hong Kong Garrison Force C Royal Rifles of Canada Winnipeg Grenadiers 6th British Airborne Division 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion 79th British Armoured Division 1st Canadian Armoured Personnel Carrier
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