Table Of Content

Tomorrow’s Systems Engineering This book looks at systems engineering now and comments on the future. It notes the signs of deepening our understanding of the field which includes, digital engineering, interactive model-based systems, decision support frame- works, and points to a grand unified theory. The book also suggests how the systems engineer can be a better designer and architect. Offering commentaries regarding how the field of systems engineering might evolve over the next couple of decades, Tomorrow’s Systems Engineering: Commentaries on the Profession looks at the potential opportunities that might lie ahead rather than making predictions for the future of the field. The book allows the reader to prepare for the future in terms of technical interest as well as competitiveness and suggests opportunities that could be significant and useful for planning actions in the careers of future systems engineers. Discussions of improvements in how we develop and use software that can help to facilitate and protect overall IT capability within the system design and system architecture are also included. This book is for systems engineers and software engineers who wish to think now about the directions the field might take in the next two decades. Tomorrow’s Systems Engineering Commentaries on the Profession Howard Eisner First edition published 2023 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 and by CRC Press 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. 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For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected] Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. ISBN: 978-1-032-21622-5 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-21623-2 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-26927-4 (ebk) DOI: 10.1201/9781003269274 Typeset in Times by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd. This book is dedicated to: • The forward-looking Fellows of INCOSE • My wife June Linowitz, who knows how to live in the present and be mindful of the future • My children Oren and Susan who have helped me both with my present and my future • My five grandchildren, Jake, Gabe, Becca, Zachary, and Ben, who are all in their 20s, and who have assured their futures by their education achievements Contents Preface xiii Author Biography xv 1 Toward a Future Environment 1 Force Fields 20 Years Ago 1 The Information Age 1 Speed and Responsiveness 2 Competition 2 New Work Patterns and Environments 2 Loyalties and Leverage 2 Stresses for Systems Engineering and INCOSE 2 INCOSE 3 The Journal: Systems Engineering 4 The Systems Engineering Handbook 4 Systems Engineering Vision – 2035 5 National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA) 6 The Office of The Secretary of Defense (OSD) 6 The SERC 8 Loughborough University 9 The Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) 9 Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge 10 Special Citations Across the Board 11 Overview of Chapters 11 References 12 2 Tomorrow’s Systems Engineer 13 Super Systems Architect 13 Superior Team Leader 14 Contributor to Literature 14 One Step Down From Corporate Vice President 14 Entrepreneur 14 New Engineer Article 16 Spec Innovations Article 16 News Patrolling Article 17 vii viii Contents Management Skills of the Super Systems Engineer 17 By N-Step Problem-Solving 21 By Reductionism 21 By Modeling and Simulation (M & S) 21 By Lateral Thinking 21 By Total Systems Intervention (TSI) 21 By Generalized Systems Thinking 22 By the Design Approach 22 By Expert Systems 22 By Mathematics and Statistics 22 By DoD Suggested 22 By Decision Support Systems 22 By Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 22 Examples of Highly Successful Systems Engineers 23 E. Rechtin 23 N. Augustine 23 B. Boehm 23 S. Ramo 23 A. Grove 24 T. A. Edison 24 R. Oppenheimer 24 Admiral H. Rickover 24 References 25 3 The Systems Engineer as Executive VP 27 The Project Triumvirate 27 Architectures 28 Systems Engineering Process 28 Computer Tools and Aids 28 Technical Coach and Team Builder 28 Technical Review Sessions 29 Schedules 29 Cost-Effective Solution 29 Connections to the Systems Engineer of Tomorrow 29 Other Examples of Systems Engineer as Executive 29 Norman Augustine 30 Eberhardt Rechtin 30 Simon Ramo 30 Admiral Hyman Rickover 30 Irwin Jacobs 30 Andrew Viterbi 31 Andy Grove 31 References 32 Contents ix 4 Kinds and Types Beyond the Tipping Point 33 Synthesis 33 Analysis 34 Replicative Design 34 Theories of Design 35 Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA) 36 Beyond the Tipping Point 36 Other Gladwell Interests 37 The Literature Connection 38 INCOSE Handbook 39 In Search of Excellence 39 From Good to Great 39 Robert Oppenheimer 40 Bell Labs 40 The Innovators 40 Grit 40 Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance 41 Out of the Crisis 41 Eberhardt Rechtin and His Heuristics 41 Reengineering the Corporation 41 Built to Last 42 References 43 5 The Systems Approach and Thinking 45 List of Descriptors 47 Peter Senge 48 INCOSE Handbook 49 Russ Ackoff 49 Peter Checkland 49 J. Boardman and B. Sauser 50 Michael Jackson 50 Donella Meadows 50 Jamshid Gharajedaghi 50 Gerald Weinberg 51 S. G. Haines 51 Virginia Anderson and Lauren Johnson 51 Daniel Kim 52 L. B. Sweeney 52 Barry Richmond 52 Michael McCurley 52 John Gall 53 O’Connor and McDermott 53 Albert Rutherford 53