TOEFL iBT

826 Pages·2013·52.456 MB·English

by  Pamela Sharpe

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TOEFL iBT
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students surpass their expectations on standardized
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tests. This book will help you achieve the score you want
on the TOEFL.
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4 General orientation to the TOEFL iBT, providing the latest information

about the test
Includes
4 A review of the major question types for each section of the exam, F QR codes for
covering Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing access to video
lessons with
4 A review of required academic skills, including note taking, L the author.
paraphrasing, summarizing, and synthesizing
MOST UP-TO-DATE REVIEW
®
4 Seven full-length model tests in the book simulating the actual tests in AND PRACTICE TESTS
length, format, question types, and difficulty CURRENTLY AVAILABLE
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4 Answers and explanations for all test questions, including sample
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essays and speaking responses
14TH EDITION
Pamela J. Sharpe, Ph.D.
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n Read the orientation to the TOEFL iBT and become
familiar with the latest information about the test
n Review the major question types for each section

BARRON’S GIVES YOU THE ANSWERS! of the exam
n Learn the TOEFL academic skills and master
Includes evaluation charts with estimates of your scores for the model

note taking, paraphrasing, summarizing, and
tests and checklists for scoring the Speaking and Writing sections
synthesizing
Scan to view a video
Barron’s TOEFL iBT products are available in the following message from the author n Take seven full-length model tests that simulate
combinations:
the actual test and study the answer explanations
ISBN: 978-1-4380-0156-2
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Book only Book with CD-ROM and 2 audio CDs 10 CD audio pack E E
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10 audio CDs, and a bonus TOEFL vocabulary book
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4_0156_TOEFL_00FM_00FM 1/22/13 4:48 PM Page i
TTOOEEFFLL iiBBTT
®
Internet-Based Test
14TH EDITION
Pamela J. Sharpe, Ph.D.
TOEFL® iBT is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS). This publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS.
4_0156_TOEFL_00FM_00FM 1/22/13 4:48 PM Page ii
To my students at home and abroad with best wishes
for success on the TOEFL and after the TOEFL
About the Author
Dr. Pamela Sharpe is an internationally recognized educator in the field of English as a second language
(ESL). She has been a member of the faculty at many prestigious colleges and universities in the United
States including the University of Florida, University of Texas at Austin, Miami Dade Community College, and
the Ohio State University. In addition, she was the founding director of the American Language Institute at the
University of Toledo, a curriculum specialist for federal bilingual education programs, and chair of Modern
Languages at Arizona Western College. As a member of the statewide television faculty of Northern Arizona
University, she taught graduate courses for teachers via the interactive television network throughout the
state of Arizona. She has received numerous awards for teaching. An educational consultant for schools
across the globe, Dr. Sharpe has been actively involved in teacher training and development both in the
United States and as a Fulbright Scholar in Latin America.
Dr. Sharpe is a preeminent authority in test preparation for the TOEFL and the TOEIC. Her text, Barron’s
TOEFL iBTis in the fourteenth edition, and has been a consistent best seller worldwide. She has published
twelve books, including four for TOEFL preparation that have been used successfully by millions of students.
She earned her bachelor’s degree Phi Beta Kappa with honors from the Ohio State University, her mas-
ter’s degree in Linguistics from the University of Florida, and her Ph.D. in TESL, the Teaching of English as a
Second Language, from the Ohio State University.
© Copyright 2013, 2010, 2006 by Barron’s Educational Series, Inc.
Previous edition under the title How to Prepare for the TOEFL Test: Test of English
as a Foreign Language© copyright 2004, 2001, 1999, 1996, 1994, 1989, 1986,
1983, 1979, 1977 by Barron’s Educational Series, Inc.
All rights reserved.
No part of the book may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any
means without the written permission of the copyright owner.
All inquiries should be addressed to:
Barron’s Educational Series, Inc.
250 Wireless Boulevard
Hauppauge, New York 11788
www.barronseduc.com
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 2012955639
ISBN: 978-1-4380-0156-2 (book only)
ISBN: 978-1-4380-7282-1 (book with audio CDs)
ISBN: 978-1-4380-7284-5 (book with audio CDs and CD-ROM)
ISBN: 978-1-4380-7283-8 (audio CDs only)
PRINTEDINTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
About the Author    ii
Acknowledgments    viii
Permissions    ix
Timetable for the TOEFL® iBT    xii
1
ORIENTATION 1
Orientation to the TOEFL® iBT    1
To the Student: How to Use This Book to Succeed    2
To the Teacher: Recommendations and Resources    4
Syllabus Options    7
FAQs—Frequently Asked Questions About the TOEFL® iBT    11
TOEFL Programs    11
Registration    13
Test Administration    14
Examination    15
Score Reports    18
Study Habits    21
Accept responsibility    21
Get organized    21
Set realistic goals    21
Make a plan    21
Establish priorities    22
Manage time    22
Learn from mistakes    22
Stay motivated    22
Choose to be positive    23
2
REVIEW OF TOEFL® iBT SECTIONS 25
Reading    25
Overview of the Reading Section    25
Review of Problems for the Reading Section    26
Reading Strategies    34
Applying the Academic Skills to the TOEFL    36
Quiz for the Reading Section    37
Study Plan    42
Extra Credit    42
Advisor’s Office    42
iii
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iv CONTENTS
Listening 43
Overview of the Listening Section 43
Review of Problems for the Listening Section 43
Listening Strategies 51
Applying the Academic Skills to the TOEFL 53
Quiz for the Listening Section 54
Study Plan 57
Extra Credit 57
Advisor’s Office 57
Speaking 58
Overview of the Speaking Section 58
Review of Problems for the Speaking Section 58
Speaking Strategies 69
Applying the Academic Skills to the TOEFL 74
Quiz for the Speaking Section 75
Study Plan 77
Extra Credit 77
Options for Evaluation 77
Advisor’s Office 77
Writing 78
Overview of the Writing Section 78
Review of Problems for the Writing Section 78
Writing Strategies 88
Applying the Academic Skills to the TOEFL 93
Quiz for the Writing Section 93
Study Plan 95
Extra Credit 95
Options for Evaluation 95
Advisor’s Office 95
3
ACADEMIC SKILLS 97
Taking Notes 97
Paraphrasing 117
Summarizing 144
Synthesizing 166
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CONTENTS v
4
MODEL TESTS 183
Model Test 1: Pretest 183
Reading Section 183
Listening Section 199
Speaking Section 219
Writing Section 226
Model Test 2: Progress Test 228
Reading Section 228
Listening Section 248
Speaking Section 263
Writing Section 270
Model Test 3: Progress Test 272
Reading Section 272
Listening Section 286
Speaking Section 307
Writing Section 314
Model Test 4: Progress Test 317
Reading Section 317
Listening Section 335
Speaking Section 349
Writing Section 356
Model Test 5: Progress Test 359
Reading Section 359
Listening Section 373
Speaking Section 392
Writing Section 399
Model Test 6: Progress Test 402
Reading Section 402
Listening Section 422
Speaking Section 438
Writing Section 445
Model Test 7: Progress Test 448
Reading Section 448
Listening Section 463
Speaking Section 483
Writing Section 490
Model Test 8: CD-ROM Test 493
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vi CONTENTS
5 ANSWERS AND AUDIO SCRIPTS FOR ACTIVITIES,
QUIZZES, AND MODEL TESTS 495
Answers and Audio Scripts for Quizzes in Chapter 2 495
Reading 495
Listening 496
Speaking 501
Writing 507
Answers and Audio Scripts for Practice Activities in Chapter 3 509
Explanatory or Example Answers and Audio Scripts for Model Tests 544
Model Test 1: Pretest 544
Reading 544
Listening 547
Speaking 566
Writing 570
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 571
Model Test 2: Progress Test 578
Reading 578
Listening 582
Speaking 595
Writing 600
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 600
Model Test 3: Progress Test 607
Reading 607
Listening 609
Speaking 630
Writing 634
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 635
Model Test 4: Progress Test 642
Reading 642
Listening 645
Speaking 659
Writing 663
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 664
Model Test 5: Progress Test 670
Reading 670
Listening 673
Speaking 692
Writing 696
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 697
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CONTENTS vii
Model Test 6: Progress Test 703
Reading 703
Listening 707
Speaking 720
Writing 725
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 726
Model Test 7: Progress Test 733
Reading 733
Listening 736
Speaking 756
Writing 760
Example Answers and Checklists for Speaking and Writing 761
Model Test 8: CD-ROM Test 766
6
SCORE ESTIMATES 767
Important Background Information 767
Procedure for Scoring 767
Reference Charts 769
Examples for Scoring Model Tests 771
Feedback 773
Options for Personal Evaluation 773
7
RESOURCES 775
TOEFL® iBT Resource Centers 775
Websites for TOEFL 777
Glossary of Campus Vocabulary 779
Barron’s CD-ROM Documentation 811
Audio CD Tracks 812
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viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
With affection and appreciation, I acknowledge my indebtedness to the friends, family, and col-
leagues who have been part of the TOEFL team for so many years.
Dr. Jayne Harder, former Director of the English Language Institute at the University of
Florida for initiating me into the science of linguistics and the art of teaching English as a sec-
ond language;
Robert and Lillie Sharpe, my parents for their assistance in typing and proofreading previ-
ous editions and for their enthusiastic encouragement throughout my career;
The late Dr. Tom Clapp, former Dean of Continuing Education at the University of Toledo
for the maturity and confidence that I gained during our marriage because he believed in me;
Carole Berglie, former Editor at Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. for her guidance in see-
ing the first edition of the manuscript through to publication;
Kristen Girardi, Editor at Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. for her invaluable insights and
wise counsel during every stage of development and production;
Debby Becak, Senior Production Manager at Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. for the
creative suggestions and designs, large and small, that have improved every chapter;
Bob O’Sullivan, Publisher, Test Prep Division at Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. for
making important decisions at critical times during the project;
John Rockwell, Editor and President of Rockwell Audio Media, for casting and directing
the talented voices and bringing the script to life;
Nina Hnatov, Copy Editor for her constructive criticism and helpful corrections throughout the
manuscript;
Kathy Telford, Proofreader at Proofreaders Plus for her attention to the important details,
her positive approach to errors, and her friendship;
Dennis Oliver, Professor at Estrella Mountain Community College for coauthoring the
Glossary of Campus Vocabulary;
Robin Fogg, Professor at the Address English Center for key suggestions that made the
book much easier for students to use;
Paul Orozco, Technology Consultant for helping me to transform my office for the 21st
century;
John T. Osterman, my husband—a special thank you for the unconditional love and the
daily interest in and support for my writing career, as well as for checking my math in the eval-
uation tables. Each revision of this book is better than the last, and every new and revised year
with John is the best year of my life.
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PERMISSIONS ix
PERMISSIONS
“Altruism”
Excerpt pp. 1138–1140 from BIOLOGY, 8th ed., by Neil A. Campbell et al. Copyright © 2008 by
Pearson Education, Inc. Reprinted by permission.
“Beowulf”
From World Mythology, 3rd ed., by Donna Rosenberg. © 1998 by National Textbook/McGraw
Hill Education. This material is reproduced with the permission of The McGraw-Hill Companies.
“Building with Arches”
From Gilbert’s Living with Art,8th ed., by Mark Gettein. Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc. Reproduced with permission of The McGraw-Hill Companies.
“Civilization”
From SPEILVOGEL. Western Civilization, 7E. © 2009 Wadsworth, a part of Cengage Learning
Inc. Reproduced by permission. www.cengage.com/permissions.
“The Evolution of Birds”
Excerpt pp. 718–719 from BIOLOGY, 8th ed. by Neil A. Campbell et al. Copyright © 2008 by
Pearson Education, Inc. Reprinted by permission.
“Exotic and Endangered Species”
From Starr/Taggart. Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life w/CD & Info Trac, 10E. © 2004
Brooks/Cole, a part of Cengage Learning, Inc. Reproduced by permission.www.cengage.com/
permissions.
“Four Stages of Planetary Development”
From SEEDS. The Solar System, 6E. © 2008 Brooks/Cole, a part of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Reproduced by permission. www.cengage.com/permissions.
“Geothermal Energy”
From Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet, 6th ed., by Botkin/Keller. Copyright ©
2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Reprinted with permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
“Group Decision Making”
From LEWIS/GOODMAN/FANDT. Management, 4E. © 2004 South Western, a part of
Cengage Learning, Inc. Reproduced by permission. www.cengage.com/permissions.
“The Heredity Versus Environment Debate”
From ORNSTEIN. Foundations of Education, 10E. © 2008 Wadsworth, a part of Cengage
Learning, Inc. Reproduced by permission. www.cengage,com/permissions.
“The Hydrologic Cycle”
From Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet, 6th ed., by Botkin/Keller. Copyright ©
2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Reprinted with permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
“Jackson Pollock”
Photo: © 2009 The Pollack-Krasner Foundation/Artists Rights Society.
“Layers of Social Class”
From ANDERSEN/TAYLOR. Sociology, 5E. © 2009 Wadsworth, a part of Cengage Learning,
Inc. Reproduced by permission. www.cengage.com/permissions.