Tip 'N Flip manual

24.3 MB·English

Teacher's Guide
Tip 'n Flip
Apple
SUTsBlRST
C O M M U N I C AT I O N S
V
DESIGNED BY
Donna Stanger
PROGRAMMED BY
Simon Lie
TEACHER'S GUIDE
Joe Stanich
Jim Kulzer
Mary Beth Miller
Elaine Miller
COPYRIGHT 1984, 1985
SUNBURST COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
PLEASANTVILLE, N.Y. 10570
Apple II, Apple II plus, and Apple He are registered
trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, California
For information, or a free Microcomputer Courseware Catalog, write:
SUNBURST COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
PLEASANTVILLE, N.Y. 10570
Call toll-free (800) 431-1934
(In New York, Alaska, Hawaii and Canada, call collect (914) 769-5030)
TIP 'N FLIP
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I n t r o d u c t i o n 1
T h e P r o b l e m S o l v i n g S k i l l M a t r i x . 3
P r o g r a m D e s c r i p t i o n 4
I d e a s f o r C l a s s r o o m U s e 7
Can You See the Difference - Classroom Lesson 1 .... 8
P u z z l e F l i p p i n g - C l a s s r o o m L e s s o n 2 1 2
S o f t w a r e S t r a t e g y L e s s o n - G a m e O n e . 1 7
S o f t w a r e S t r a t e g y L e s s o n - G a m e Tw o 2 1
S h a r i n g S o m e F i e l d - Te s t i n g O b s e r v a t i o n s 2 8
"What Happens If...?"
S U N B U R S T C o u r s e w a r e a n d Wa r r a n t y 2 9
A p p l e I I : Wo r k i n g W i t h Yo u r C o m p u t e r • 3 0
J
INTRODUCTION
Problem solving has been identified as a critical issue of education in the
1980!s. Today's students live in an increasingly complex world. They will
need problem solving skills to deal with situations that we can only imagine.
As educators, the challenge is to build these skills, exposing students to
problems and a variety of strategies for their solutions.
TIP 'N FLIP and other Sunburst programs identify specific skills and
strategies and then provide an environment where practice "feels like play."
As a basis for the development of problem solving material, Sunburst has
adopted a Problem Solving Matrix devised by a group of teachers from
Rochester, Minnesota under the direction of Donna Stanger. The Matrix (see
page 3) organizes problem solving skills and strategies into four columns:
MEMORY
COGNITIVE SKILLS (Discrimination, Attributes and Rules)
STRATEGIES
CREATIVITY
TIP fN FLIP is designed to provide practice in the second and third matrix
columns, Cognitive Skills, and Strategies.
The software and classroom activities in this package involve spatial problem
solving, specifically, the prerequisite skills of discrimination and mental
manipulation of images. The manipulation includes:
• left and right rotation (in 90 moves)
• horizontal "flipping"
• vertical "flipping"
The strategies suggested are:
• Working backward
« Analyzing
• Problem finding
TIP !N FLIP offers two games, each having four levels of difficulty. In Game
One, the player is shown design X and two other designs, A and B. The
player must determine which design, A or B, has been made by rotating left
or right, vertically flipping, and/or horizontally flipping design X.
In Game Two, two designs are shown. The player must tell what moves it
will take (rotating, flipping) to make the first design match the second one.
The lessons included are written in a "dialogue" style to quickly provide an
idea of how they have been taught in field-testing. They could be used as
written, or modified to suit the preferences of the teacher and the needs of
the class.
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TIP !N FLIP is designed for a 48K Apple II with Applesoft, Apple II plus,
Apple He, or Apple He. If you need assistance in operating your computer,
check the sections of this guide entitled "Apple II: Working With Your
Computer" and "What Happens If...?" You can also call Sunburst
Communications toll-free at [phone].
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^
Problem Solving Skill Matrix
• Simultaneous
Scanning
• Selecting
Appropriate Notation
• Identifying
Multiple Solutions
• Examining Assumptions
TIP 'N FLIP
• Working
Backward
• Using a Model
• Focus Gambling
• Conservative Focusing
• Estimating, Predicting,
• Mnemonic Projecting
Systems
• Scanning for Clues, Hints
• Visual
Association • Restating the Problem
• Whole Analyzing j
to Part
• Making Organized Lists
• Self Testing
• Looking for a Pattern
• Creating or Sequence
a Context
• Brainstorming
• Personalization
• Higher Order • Openness to Insight,
• Regrouping Rules Flexibility
• Auditory Aids • Rules • Successive Scanning
c
o
• Number • Defined Concepts • Retrieval Strategies
of Items oc CcO o
to Remember • Concrete Concepts • Information Gathering X !§>
3 CJ)
O LU
• Sequence • Discrimination !• Problem Finding
MEMORY COGNITIVE SKILLS COGNITIVE CREATIVITY
CONTROL
DISCRIMINATION,
STRATEGIES
ATTRIBUTES
AND RULES
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PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
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TIP 'N FLIP
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SKILL OR STRATEGY: Visual discrimination
Working backward
Analyzing
Problem finding
GRADE: 4-12
READING LEVEL: 4th grade (for directions)
TIME REQUIRED:
Approximately 15 minutes per game
(varies widely with student ability
and number of problems selected)
TIP !N FLIP is designed for grades four through twelve and provides practice
in spatial problem solving. Two versions of the game can be played with
each version having four levels of difficulty. Up to ten problems may be
selected at each level.
In Game One, the player is shown one design that is set apart from two other
designs. One of the designs in the group of two is the same as the first
design, but it may have been rotated to the right or left or flipped
horizontally or vertically.
[pXfJ^il??"?.]
1 You uill so* dtiiQn x •nd
tuo othtr dtf 19m (1 ond 2>
M OB
US
it. 1
E u B B B S
2. You uill bo os><od uhich dtti«n
< 1 or 2> is tht son* »s X
Spoco Bar to continue, 'B' to «o bock.
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The object of the game is to select a design (from a pair of designs) that is
the same as the first design. This is done by mentally flipping the design
until it matches the desired pattern.
3. Think of tho designs *s markings
on clear flats
Tho gUst can ba Movod 4 ways:
11 fl ->BE
3B C3D l.i.-i 3K
3. Flipped,, .W CE3 __ rrri wf
horizontally _ U** ^ 6-♦ *fi** *** H^
4. FiiPP.dn B aa E B
Each move can bt repeated any
nunber of times.
A SCRATCH PAD is available if a player needs help. The SCRATCH PAD
lets a player rotate or flip the design before making a choice. Use of the
SCRATCH PAD will cost the player one point for each move made.
5. Scratch Pad:
Thei scratchjpad ui11 let you rotate
or flip design X up to 12 times.
••MMMtlMMHMMMMMtMMMIMIM Scratch Pad
On Off
m cno
IIIIIIIIIIII 1 i* noves left
D a
*- -* l« r
H- -^ v« t4,
„
Space Bar tc» continue, *B% to 90 back.
Upon completion of the game, the number of problems attempted, the number
correct and the score are displayed. Each correct answer earns 10 points.
Remember that each use of the scratch pad costs one point.
r
]
[tip 'N Fiii»|
Game: 1 Level: A
Shapes: Set 1
MM..M.M..M.M.....MM...MM.M..»«M»«MM.M......n...........M..MM..MMMM..M..M.M..MMM..
Number of Problems: 5
Number Correct: 4
Score: 40
Press Space Bar to continue
v. -J
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In Game Two, two designs are shown. The second design is the same as the
first, except that it has been rotated right or left, flipped horizontally or
vertically, or moved using some combination of the four (RLHV).
The object of the game is to find the moves that will make the first design
match the second.
DIRECTIONS
1. You uill see design A
and design B.
x cud
i.i. i
H a
2. Design B is the same ^s design A,
but it has been moved.
Space Bar to continue, 'B' to go back.
A correct answer earns a player ten points. The shortest answer earns an
extra two points. Each move made with the scratch pad will cost one point.
The player uses the keys R, L, H, V to indicate Right, Left, Horizontal or
Vertical moves. A combination of moves such as "RH" would mean a right
rotation followed by a horizontal flip.
A SCRATCH PAD is again available if a player needs help. The SCRATCH
PAD lets a player rotate or flip the design before making a choice. Use of
the SCRATCH PAD costs the player one point for each move made.
Upon completion of the game, the number of problems attempted, the number
correct and the score are displayed.
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IDEAS FOR CLASSROOM USE
The lessons included are written as used in sixth grade field-testing. They
should be modified to suit the needs of your students.
The following pages contain two types of activities:
1. Classroom lessons that introduce the skills involved (mental
manipulation of images including left and right rotation and
horizontal and vertical flipping).
2. Software strategy lessons that:
a. apply the skills in a problem solving "game" environment.
b. suggest strategies that may be used (analyzing, problem finding,
working backward).
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