Time-resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy PDF
Preview Time-resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy
T I M E - R E S O L V ED V I B R A T I O N AL S P E C T R O S C O PY Edited by GEORGE H. ATKINSON DepartmenDt epartomfe nt Chemistry Syracuse SyracuUseniversity Syracuse, SyraNceuwse , York 1983 ACADEMIC PRESS A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers NEW YORK LONDON PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SAO PAULO SYDNEY TOKYO TORONTO COPYRIGHT© 1983, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. 111 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy. Papers presented at the First International Conference on Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy, Lake Placid, N.Y., Aug. 16-20, 1982. 1. Vibrational spectra—Congresses. 2. Raman spec- troscopy-Congresses. I. Atkinson, George Η. II. Inter national Conference on Time-Resolved Vibrational Spec troscopy (1st : 1982 : Lake Placid, N.Y.) QD96.V53T55 1983 543\0858 83-9928 ISBN -0-12-066280-9 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 83 84 85 86 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 C O N T R I B U T O RS Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin. Yukio Adachi (361), Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Yokohama, Japan A. C. Albrect (1, 37), Department of Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca New York R. R. Alfano (127), Ultrafast Spectroscopy & Laser Laboratory, The City College of New York, New York, New York Thomas Alshuth (231), Max-Planck-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany M. Asano (139, 157), Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada G. H. Atkinson (161, 191, 287), Department of Chemistry, Syracuse Univer sity, Syracuse, New York R. T. Bailey (121), Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland S. M. Beck (173, 391), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey Peter H. Berens (59), Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California John P. Bergsma (59), Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California R. Bozio (335), Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Penn sylvania P. G. Bradley (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas Mark Braiman (219), Department of Chemistry and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts C. W. Brown (11), Texas Tech University, Picosecond & Quantum Radiation Laboratory, Lubbock, Texas L. E. Brus (173, 391), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey xi xii CONTRIBUTORS L. A. Bumm (377), Department of Chemistry, Clarkson College of Tech nology, Potsdam, New York R. Callaghan (387), Department of Chemistry, Clarkson College of Tech nology, Potsdam, New York P. R. Carey (325), Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada C. K. Chan (31), Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona Richard K. Chang (369), Section of Applied Physics & Center for Laser Diagnostics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut James L. Chao (97), IBM Instruments, Inc., P.O. Box 332, Danbury, Connecticut Robin J. H. Clark (213), Christopher Ingold Laboratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom F. R. Cruickshank (121), Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Univer sity of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland R. F. Dallinger (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas S. J. Davis (135), Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico P. L. Decola (335), Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Penn sylvania F. Dorr (183), Institut fur Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universitat, Munchen, Garching, Germany R. Dorsinville (127), Ultrafast Spectroscopy & Laser Laboratory, Physics Department, The City College of New York, New York, New York Michael C. Drake (83), GE Research & Development Center, Schenectady, New York Michael T. Duignan (105), Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. M. A. El-Sayed (251), Department of Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California P. Esherick (63), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico David P. Fairclough (213), Christopher Ingold Laboratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom W. M. Franklin (127), Ultrafast Spectroscopy & Laser Laboratory, Physics Department, The City College of New York, New York, New York J. M. Friedman (307, 317), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey Jack Gelfand (91), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey D. A. Gilmore (161), Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syra cuse, New York H. Graener (345), Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Bayreuth, Bayreuth, West Germany Iris Grieger (231), Max-Planck-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottin- gen, Germany CONTRIBUTORS xv Μ. Pfeiffer (353), Central Institute of Optics and Spectroscopy, Academy of Sciences of GDR, 1199 Berlin-Adlershof, Rudower Chaussee 5, German Democratic Republic Robert W. Pitz (83), GE Research & Development Center, Schenectady, New York D. Presser (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas D. Pugh (121), Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland Herschel Rabitz (91), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey P. M. Rentzepis (263), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey G. W. Robinson (11), Texas Tech University, Picosecond & Quantum Radia tion Laboratory, Lubbock, Texas Eric Rohlfing (91), Exxon Research & Engineering, Linden, New Jersey D. L. Rousseau (317), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey S. Schneider (183), Institut fur Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universitat, Munchen, Garching, Germany R. H. Schuler (199), Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame. Indiana R. F. Shea (135), Air Force Weapons Laboratory, KirtlandAFB, New Mexico Hitoshi Shindo (191, 207), National Chemical Laboratory, Yatabe, Ibaraki 305, Japan O. Siiman (387), Department of Chemistry, Clarkson College of Technology, Potsdam, New York J. T. Simpson (183), Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois Steven O. Smith (219), Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California Shammai Speiser (105), Department of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel Thomas G. Spiro (299), Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey A. M. Stacey (377), Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois P. Stern (41), Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Manfred Stockburger (231), Max-Planck-Institut fur Biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany A. C. Storer (325), Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada C. L. Tang (73), Department of Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Mitsuo Tasumi (53), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Univer sity of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan xvi CONTRIBUTORS Η. R. Telle (345), Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Bayreuth, Bayreuth, West Germany James Terner (299), Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia D. L. Tonks (31), Group X-7, LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico G. N. R. Tripathi (199), Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana Masamichi Tsuboi (113), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan Tadayuki Uno (113), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan R. P. Van Duyne (377), Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois Arieh Warshel (41), Department of Chemistry, University of Southern Cali fornia, Los Angeles, California H-J. Weigmann (353), Central Institute of Optics and Spectroscopy, Academy of Sciences of GDR, 1199 Berlin-Adlershof, Rudower Chaussee 5, German Democratic Republic I. J. M. Weir (121), Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland W. Werncke (353), Central Institute of Optics and Spectroscopy, Academy of Sciences of GDR, 1199 Berlin-Adlershof, Rudower Chaussee 5, German Democratic Republic Robert Wilbrandt (273), Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark Kent R. Wilson (59), Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California A. C. de Wilton (331), Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada P. J. Wolf (135), Air Force Weapons Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico W. H. Woodruff (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas Kenji Yokoyama (167), Institute of Physical and Chemistry Research, Wako, Saitama, Japan CONTRIBUTORS xiii A. J. Grimley (63), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico R. Guthrie (121), Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland J-M. Halbout (73), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey L. V. Haley (139, 331), Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Ronald E. Hester (177), Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, England E. F. Hilinski (263), Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey R. M. Hochstrasser (335), Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Phila delphia, Pennsylvania Μ. Z. Hoffman (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas Chung-lu Hsieh (251), Technical Center, The Clorox Company, Pleasonton, California W. Hub (183), Institut fur Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Tech- nische Universitat, Munchen, Garching, Germany C. P. Huber (325), Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada M. J. Irwin (287), Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York Niels-Henrick Jensen (273), Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark Toshio Kamisuki (361), Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Yokohama, Japan Haruhiko Kataoka (361), Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Yokohama, Japan M. Kerker (387), Department of Chemistry, Clarkson College of Technology, Potsdam, New York R. J. Kessler (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas J. A. Koningstein (139, 157, 331), Department of Chemistry, Carleton Univer sity, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada T. Kumar (97), Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhat tan, Kansas Mohamedally Kurmoo (213), Christopher Ingold Laboratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom Marshall Lapp (83), GE Research & Development Center, Schenectady, New York A. Lau (353), Central Institute of Optics and Spectroscopy, Academy of Sciences of GDR, 1199 Berlin-Adlershof, Rudower Chaussee 5, German Democratic Republic A. Laubereau (345), Physikalisches Institut, Universitat Bayreuth, Bayreuth, West Germany xiv CONTRIBUTORS Duckhwan Lee (37), Department of Chemistry, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York H. Lee (325), Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada K. Lenz (353), Central Institute of Optics and Spectroscopy, Academy of Sciences of GDR, 1199 Berlin-Adlershof, Rudower Chaussee 5, German Democratic Republic Harold B. Levene (117), Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York Aaron Lewis (239), School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell Uni versity, Ithaca, New York F. D. Lewis (183), Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evans ton, Illinois Shiro Maeda (361), Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Yokohama, Japan V. Malueg (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas Richard Mathies (219), Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California Richard B. Miles (91), Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey Ole Sonnich Mortensen (23), Odense University, Fysisk Institut, DK 5230 Odense M, Denmark S. Mukamel (41), Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Malcolm Nicol (251), Department of Chemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California Yoshifumi Nishimura (113), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan K. A. Norton (147), Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas N. Ockman (127), Ultrafast Spectroscopy & Laser Laboratory, The City College of New York, New York, New York M. R. Ondrias (317), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico A. Owyoung (63), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico J. D. Oxman (183), Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois Y. Ozaki (325), Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada J. B. Page (31), Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona C. Murray Penney (83), GE Research & Development Center, Schenectady, New York David S. Perry (117), Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York F O R E W O RD During the end of the 1970s, it became increasingly clear that the element of time was finding its way into vibrational spectroscopy. It is perhaps interesting to point out that the new developments did not take place in that part of the spectrum where direct transitions between vibrational levels take place, but rather in the methods of light scattering spectroscopy. Thus, time-dependent aspects of the indirect (i.e., Raman) transitions appear to be of more practical use. This, of course, is due to the fact that tunable, pulsed laser sources are now available, which operate in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared regions of the spectrum with a finesse not yet to be found in the infrared. In addition, the detection of fast laser pulses in the former spectral regions is more easily achieved than in the infrared. The event of the first International Conference on Time-Resolved Vibra tional Spectroscopy in Lake Placid, August 16-20, 1982, was particularly timely as judged by the truly international character of the meeting, and thus may be viewed as a forerunner of many things to come. Time-resolved vibra tional spectroscopy of gasses, liquids, and solids may experience a renaissance similar to that of laser Raman spectroscopy in the decade of the 1960s. Professor A. Koningstein Ottawa, 1982 xvii PREFACE The wide-ranging contributions of vibrational spectroscopy to the study of molecular structure have been significantly expanded in recent years through the development of time-resolved techniques for rapidly recording vibrational spectra. Generally termed time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy (TRVS), these methods have provided information on both the vibrational structure and the dynamical properties of reactive species with lifetimes as short as pico seconds. The versatility of TRVS, as well as the breadth of information it provides, has fostered extremely diverse applications involving chemical and biochemical reactions, physical relaxation phenomena, surface and colloidal reactions, combustion diagnostics, analytical microanalysis, and electro chemistry. Research in TRVS had been discussed as part of general meetings on spectroscopy, photochemistry, and photobiology, but it had not previously formed the central topic for a conference until the International Conference on TRVS was held in Lake Placid, New York, on August 16-20, 1982. This conference provided a forum in which discussions of TRVS were undertaken by researchers already active in the field and by scientists interested in initiating work in TRVS. The proceedings of that conference have been adapted for presentation in this publication. The large number of outstanding papers appearing here clearly document the rapid growth of TRVS as a field and suggest that such research will be sustained long into the future. I would like to recognize several sources of assistance in the preparation of this book. Foremost, I am indebted to Mrs. Ann Dlugozima whose untiring efforts have been invaluable. I would like to gratefully acknowledge the Office of Naval Research, U.S. Army Research Office, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and Syracuse University for financially supporting the International Conference on TRVS from which the publication is derived. Finally, I wish to express appreciation to my many colleagues who assisted me in the organiza tion of the International Conference on TRVS and in the preparation of this publication. Professor George H. Atkinson Syracuse, New York October 1982 xix
The list of books you might like
