THREE NEW SPECIES OF CRATAEGUS (ROSACEAE) FROM WESTERN NORTH AMERICA: C. OKENNONII, C. OKANAGANENSIS AND C. PHIPPSII

23 Pages·1998·10.4 MB·English

by  J B Phipps

THREE NEWSPECIESOFCRATAEGUS(ROSACEAE)
FROMWESTERNNORTHAMERICA:
C. OKENNONII, C. OKANAGANENSIS
ANDC. PHIPPSII
J.B.PHIPPS
TheUniversityofWesternOntario
DepartmentofPlantSciences
London, Ontario,CANADAN6A5B7
RJ.O'KENNON
BotanicalResearchInstituteofTexas
309PecanStreet
FortWorth, TX76102-4060, U.S.A.
ABSTRACT
ThreenewspeciesofCrataegus,C.okennoniiJ.B.Phipps(fromseriesDouglasianae),C.
okanagane)isisJ.B.Phipps&O'Kennnon(fromthenewlydescribedseriesPi/rpureofri/ctiJ.B.
Phipps&O'Kennon),andC.phippsiiO'Kennon(nearseriesMolles)aredescribedfromwestern
NorthAmerica.Allarestriking,widespreadtaxawithasubstantialnumberofrecords.
KeyWorus:Taxonomy,Crataegus,Rosaceae,newspecies
RESUMEN
TresnuevasespeciesdeCrataegus,C.okennoniiJ.B.Phipps(delaserieDauglasianae),C.
o&kaOn'aKgaennennosni)s,J.yB.C.Phpihpipppssi&iOO''KKeennnnnoonn((pdreoxlaimnoueavalasesreireiedeMsoclrlietsa)PsuerpduersecorfirubcetnidJe.lB.oePshtieppdse
NorteAmerica.Todossontaxasorprendentesydeampliadifusionconunsustancialnumero
deciras.
RecentfieldworkwithR.J.O'KennonofFortWorth,TexasintheAmerican
stateswestoftheRockyMountainsandinBritishColumbiaforthefirst
author'srevisionofthered-fruitedCrataegi(Phipps 1998)ofthisregion
hasserendipitouslyuncoveredthreenewspeciesofhawthorn.Thefirst,Crataegus
okennonii,anewpurplish-fruitedtaxonofser.Douglasianae(Rehd.exSarg.)
Rehd.,strikingandobviousinthefield,isalsousuallyeasilyresolvedin
theherbarium.Crataegusokanaganensis,rarelycollectedbeforeourstudies,
isalsoastrikingnewtaxonwithbrilliantred(lateAugust)todeeppurple
(lateSeptember)fruit. Itisaccordedanewseries, Pupureofructi, together
withthelong-describedandlong-overlookedC.williamsiiEggl.Thethird
newspecies,C.phippsii,thoughfirstcollectedasfarbackas1908,remained
otherwiseunnoticeduntilourfieldwork.Itisaverydistinctpurple-fruited
speciesrelatedtoseriesMolles.
SiuA18(1):169-191.1998
170 SiDA18(1)
Oneofthereasons thatthesenewCrataegusspecieswestoftheRocky
Mountainshavebeenoverlookedhasbeenthefliiltireofnearlyallcollectors
totakenoteoffruitcolor(Phipps 1998). Eachofthefollowingspeciesis
quitedistinctinthisrespectandwethereforetaketheopportunitytopresent
colorplatesofthethreespeciesillustratingthispoint.Hawthornsarecon-
sideredtohavemostlyblackorredfruit.Thediscoveryofthesethreeex-
tendsthenumberofthosewhichareburgundytodeeppurpleatsomestage
in theirdevelopment. Anotherfeatureemergingfrom thisworkarenew
centersofdiversityforwesternNorthAmericanCrataegusappearingmthe
northernOkanaganofBritishColumbiaandnorthwestMontana.
AfurtherreasonthatthesetaxahavebeenoverlookedisthatinthePa-
cificNorthwestregion(tonwMontana)andBritishColumbiawherethey
occurtherehasbeenabeliefthatgenerally,onlyonered-fruitednativespe-
cies,C.'ColumbianaHowell,'oneblack-fruitednativetaxon,C.douglamLindl.
(inchC.suksdorfii(Sarg.)Kruschke)andoneintroducedred-fruitedtaxon
(Cwrwog}'Wi:7jacq.)occurred.Thisbeliefhaspersisted(Phipps1998)inspite
ofthewidespreadpresenceinthisregionofC.niacracanthaLodd.exLoud.
Inviewofthislackoftaxonomicinattention,includingthedisappearance
fromthefloristicliteratureofthedistinctiveC.icillianis'n,itisperhapsnot
surprisingthatearlierbotanistsdidnotrecognizepotentialnewtaxainthis
region.Consequently,wetakethisopportunityofreviewingthemainwestern
NorthAmericanspecies(westoftheRockyMountains)inanumericaltaxonomic
analysis.ThisanalysisusesonesyntheticOTU pertaxon,eachdescribed
fromtypicalmaterialover38morphologicalcharacters(Table1)ofthekind
commonlyusedinCrataegustaxonomy.Theelevennativespeciesgenerally
recognizedinthewestareallpresent,togetherwithC. monogyna,auseful
outgroup,andfivespeciesfromeastoftheRockyMountains(C.mollis(Torr.
&A.Gray)Scheele,C.suhmolUsSarg.,C.brachyaeanthaSarg.&Engelm.,C.
schuetteiAsheand C punctataJacq.) togivestructureandscale. Alsothe
threenewtaxadescribedinthispaperareincluded.Adendrogramwasprepared
byNT-SYSusingtheoptionstaxonomicdistanceandunweightedpair-group
arithmeticaveraging.Theresults(Fig. 1)placeC.inonogyiiaandC.punctata
outsidealltheotherspecies. Among resultsofgeneral interest,varieties
(CchrysocarpaAshevar.chrysocarpaandC.c. var.piperi(Britton)Kruschke)
clusterataboutthe0.6levelwhiledistinctspeciesclusteratthe0.8orgreater
level,e.g.C.schuettei'dndC.wnotonianaEggl.(seriesTenuifoliae),C.suksdorfii
andC.do//glasii{'iQUi^sDouglasianae)andC.erythropodaAsheandC.rivularis
Nutt.(seriesCerrones).Otherpertinentresultsarediscussedunderthenew
taxadescribedinthispaper,
TAXONDESCRIPTIONS
1. Crataegus okennoniiJ.B. Phipps, sp. nov. (Fig. 2). 'Ywv.CANADA.
.
PiiippsANDO'Kennon,NewspeciesofCrataegusfromWesternNorthAmerica 171
TAiii.n1.The38charactersscoredfortlienumericalcaxonomicanalysis.
PLoit.gctiercil bijloreKena
1 Planthabit 22. Flower:number
2. Barktype 23. Pedicel:pubescence
3. Brancharrangement 24. Anthesistime
'rbarnsandI'uigs Floivtr
4. Thorns:indeterminatepresent? 25. Diameter
5. Thorns:length 26. Calyxlobes:margins
6. Thorns:curvatLire 27. Stamen:no.
7. Thorns,color:browns 28. Anther:color
(S. Thorns,color:gray 29. Style:numbei
9. Twigs,Iyrold,color;browns
10. Twigs,Iyrold,color;gray Fntit
30. Fruit:color,monthbeforelullripeness
Lecij 3L Pfuit:coloratfullripeness
11. Lamina:length 32. Fruit:shape,1
12. Lamina:length/breadth 33. Fruit:shape,2
13. Lamina:positionotwidestpart 34. Fruit:pubescence
1-1, Lamina:venation,number 35. Fruit:calyxorientation
15. Lamina:veinstosinuses 36. Fruit:length(height)
16. Lamina:lobenumber 37. Pyrenes:lateralfaces
17. Lamina:lobeshape
18. Lamina:max.sinusdepth(LII) Autumnaljoltage
19. Lamina:abaxialpubescence,young 38. Color
20. Petiole:glands
21. Leafteeth:glands
BritishColumbia:OkanaganValley,Esideof97A0.5miNofintersectionwith
97,scrubbyslopeswithlongclearedarea,50°2rN,119°15'W,19Aug\99A,Phipps,
J.B.&(rKennon,R.J.6998(hoi.otype:UWO;isotypes:BRIT,CAN,TRT,US).
Fruticesgrandesvelarboresparvae,plerumquetruncouno,ad 10malti,spinosi;ra-
muliuniusanninirentesatro-cascanei,ramuliveterioresbrunneo-cinerei;spinaeplerumque
< 2.0cmlongae,crassae,plusminusverecurvatae,injuventutebrunnaenitenter.Folia
decidua;petioliplerumque1—2cmlongi;laminae4—6cmlongae,ellipticaevellare-ellipticae,
interdumaliquantumangusteovataevelrhombeae,paribus4venarumsccondariarumlongiorum
velaliquandonon-lobataevelvix-lobataevelvadosirer2-3(-4)lobataeperlatus,marginibus
serratis,±coriaceae,inmattiritatetenuiterappresso-pubescentessupra,subter±glabrae
venisexceptis,coloreautumnahpruninoadcarmineumvelpallidecarmineum.Inflorcscenciae
12-20florarae,bracteolisparviscaducisglandulo-marginatis,glabraevelraropubescentes.
Flores15—20mmdiam.;hypanthiumglabrumextrinsecus;lobicalycis3mmlongi,ob-
scureglanduloso-marginati;petala±circulaha;stamina10—12,antherispallideroseis;carpelli
etstyla3—4.Fructusampulliformo-orbiculares,ca10mmdiam.,triste-purpureivelnigri
subindeinmaturitate,inmenseAugustorubro-vinosivelspadiceo-castanei,reliquiiscalycis
parvis;pyrenae3—4,vadositersulcataedorsaliter,lateribuscumfoveisvelinterdumplanis.
Largebashesorsmalltrees,usuallysingle-trunked,upto10mtall,thorny;
oneyearoldtwigsdeepshiningmahogany,olderbranchesgray/brown;thorns
usually < 2.0cmlong,stout,slightlyrecurved,shinybrownwhenyoung.
Leavesdeciduous;petiolesusually 1—2cmlong;bladeselliptictobroad-
'
172 Sum18(1)
NewCrataegusspeciesofwesternNorthAmerica
UPGMAoftaxonomicaisiance
19taxa
38characters
.J.ulUli
chrpiped — —
-J
41D ' ' 8C 120 160 200
Fig. 1. DendrogramofwesternNorthAmericanCrcitctegi/staxasliowingrelation.shi|TSof
speciesdescribee!inthispaper.Newlydescribedtaxaincapitals.Seetextlormoreinfor-
mation.
elliptic,sometimessomewhatnarrowovateorrhombic,4—6cmlong,with
fourpairsoflongersecondaryveins,barelylobedtoshallowly2-3(—4)lobed,
themarginsalsoserrate,somewhatcoriaceous,atmaturityfinelyappressed-
pubescentabove,below±glabrousexceptontheveins;autumnalcolorplum
tocrimsonorlightcrimson.Inflorescences12—20flowered,withsmallcaducous
gland-margined bracteoles,glabroustorarelyshortlypubescent. Flowers
15—20mmdiam.;thehypanthiumexternallyglabrous;calyxlobes3mm
long,obscurelygland-margined;petals±circular;stamens10—12,anthmerms
palepink;carpelsandstyles3—4.Fruit±amptflliform-orbicular,ca.10
diam.,dull-purpleoroccasionallyblackatfullmaturity,red-burgundyto
chestnutorreddish-brown inAugust,calyxremnantssmall;nutlets3-4,
shallowlygroo—veddorsally,sidesvariablyerodedorsometimesplane.
Distribution. Cratciegiisokennouiiisfairlycommoninsoutherninterior
BritisliColumbiaandtheeasternhalfofnorthernWashington,rangingto
IdahoandnwIMontana(Fig. 3),usuallyalongstreamsorothersourcesof
water.Itisatalldistinctiveplant,usuallywithastraighttrunk,easilyrec-
ognizedinthefieldbothinflowerandinfrtiit.Thisnewspecies ismost
closelyrelatedtoC.Joiiglasii,sens,str.,fromwhichitdiffersinfruitshape
PhippsandO'Kpnnon,NewspeciesofCrataegusfromWesternNorthAmerica 173
Fic;.2.LinedrawingotC.okeinio/aiJ.B.Phipps.Inflorescence,flowersandpartsfromPhipps
6959(UWO);mfructescence,fruitandpartsfromPhipps6991,6995aiuKYKennon(UWO).
Scalebars= 1cm.
\1^ SiDA18(1)
Fig.3.DistriburionmapofC,okef///oi/!/).\i.Fhij^ps.
andcolor,flowersize,colorofmarureleaves(oftenyellowish-green),habit,
thornlength,lealshapeandautumnalcoloroffoliage.
Crataegusokemiomiisoneofasmallgrotipof'hhick-frnited'(fruit±black
atfullmattirity)speciescomprisingseriesD()nglasianae(Kt\\d.exSarg.)Rehd.
whichI restricttoC. douglasiiLindl., itsimmediaterelativeC sz/ksclorfii
andthenewspeciesdescribedhere.AgreatlywidenedconceptofCdouit^lasn
which includesC. salignaGreeneand C. riviilarhisadvocated byWelsh
(1982)andHolmgren(1997)butinmyopinionthiscannotstandupdue
tomanysignificantdifferencesinleaf-shape,venationtype,barkandthorn
type.MoreoverintermediatesdonotexistbetweensaHi^na-rmdaris'^inddouglasii-
okennonii-suksdorjii.Diffictdtiesforthebroadconceptarealsoemphasized
bythefactthatC.saligna(calledC.doiiglasi!Linth.vandiichesnensisWelsh
byHolmgren)has20stamensandcreamanthers,contrarytotheIntermountain
Flora. Iam(JBP, 199X)thereforeplacingC salignaandC. rividar'is ina
differentgrouping.
CrataegusokennoniiisaclearlydefinedsegregateofC.douglasiidiffering
byaconsiderable numberofcorrelatedcharactersofwhichthornlength
(theshortestinseriesDouglasianae)andflowersize(kirgestintheseries)are
themostunambiguous.ThefollowingcoupletseparatesC.okennoniifrom
therestrictedinterpretationoftypicalC.douglasii'as,foundinwesternCanada
andtheadjacentUnitedStates.
PhippsandO'Kennon,NewspeciesofCrataegusfromWesternNorthAmerica 175
1.Upsuurapllley-btrreoew-nl;iktehwoirtnhsaussutarlaliyght1.t5r—u2nkc,m5-lo1n0g;mftlaolwl;erysocuan.g1t5w—i2g0sdmemepcgllioasms.;y
fruitcrimsonlakeorchestnut-coloredinlateAugust,becomingdeepplum-
blackatmaturity,notbloomy,broadlyampulliform;autumnalfoliageusu-
allycrimson,plumorpaleshadesofsame;stylesandnutletsusually3-
C.okennonii
1.U3s-u8almlybttalils;hyt,htohronusghofotfetnenlolnarggeer,,nototc2o.n5s(p-i3c)uocumslylosnign;glyeoorunstgratiwgihgts-trmtimdkedt,o
deepglossybrown,onlyoccasionallyasdarkasCokennonii;flowersoften
12-15mmindiam.;fruitvariablycoloredinlateAugustthoughneverchestnut,
shapeellipsoidorsuborbicular;autumnalfoliagecoloroftenbronzy,not
consistently±crimsonorpaler;stylesandnutlets3—5 C.douglasii
ThedifferencesbetweenC.okennoniiandasomewhatrestrictedC.douglasii
arenotbyanymeanslargebutrecognitionatthespecificlevelisalsosup-
portedbythenumericalanalysis(Fig. 1),thelackofintermediatesamong
goodqualityspecimensbothinthefieldandherbariumandtheconsequent
immediacyofrecognition.AmoreelaboratecomparisonwithC. douglasii
inwhichdetailedleafshapecomparisonswillbeusedmaybeexpectedconsequent
onthepublicationofR.DottererandT.A.Dickinson'sdetailedbiosystem-
aticstudiesofC. okennoniiandC.douglasii.
ItispossiblethatC. okennoniiisthesameasC. douglasiif.hadiaSarg.
(1907),ataxoninwhichthefruitisdescribedas"chestnut",certainlynot
acommoncolorinripeningfruitofsectionDouglasii.However,someof
theunripefruitofC.okennoniiseenbyuscertainlywasthecolorofreddish-
brown,highlypolished,shoeleather.Piper,theoriginalcollectorofforma
hadia,variouslydescribedthefruitasbrown,darkshiningbrown,chest-
nut,etc.Formabadiaisataxonsystematicallydisregardedinthefloristic
literature.BothcolorchangesduringtheripeningofwesternNorthAmerican
Crataegusfruitandthefinalcoloroftheautumnalfoliagehavebeenpoorly
understood(Phipps1997)astaxonomiccharacterssowewishtorecordthem
here. Crataegusdouglasii fruit isshown inFigures4dand4e. The latter,
photographedinAugust,illustratestheblack,pendant,ellipsoidfruitwhile
theotherisanotherBritishColumbiaspecimenshowingplentyofbloom.
Figures4a-4cillustrateC.okennonii,plate4ashowingthelateAugust"chestnut"
colorwhileFigure4bisalaterversionofthesamecolor.Figure4cshows
thefinal,nearripecolor,inlateSeptember,closetothatofCdouglasii.The
foliageisfrequentlyadistinctivebrightpalecrimsoncolorinlateSeptem-
berasisshowninFigure4f.VariationinleafformofCokennoniitendsto
fall into twoclasses, both illustrated inFigure 2, therebeingabroader,
somewhatrhombo-deltoid,distinctlylobedform(Fig.4a)andamoreel-
lipticornarrow-ovate,shallowlylobedshape(Fig.4b).Crataegusokennonii
alsobearsconspicuous,expanding,caducous,coral-redbudscales.
I(J.B.P)ampleasedtonamethisdistinctiveandhandsomenewspecies
176 SiDA18(1)
Fjg.4.Cratiicginokmiion'iicomparedwithC.dniigliisii:a)CokenntDiiishowingremarkable
chestnut-colouredfruit,Kclowna,BC,18Aug1995;b)C,okennonii,Formwithpalefoli-
age,noteampulliformfruit,northernOkanagan,BC,20Aug1995;c)C.okennoniiwith
sometriutclosetothefinalpurple-blackcolor,northernOkanagan,BC,19Aug1995;d)
C.doiigLniishowingfullripecolorandahighbloom,northernOkanagan,BC, 19Aug
1995;e)fullripecolorotC.donglasiiwithellipsoidalfruit,northernOkanagan,BC, 19
Aug1995;f)C.okennoniishowingtypicalcerisecoloroffullripefoliage;JBPinforeground;
PalmerLake,WashingtonState,28Sep1993.
afterRobert(Bob)J.O'KennonwhosecompanionshipandcriticalabiHties
asafieldbotanisthelpedtomakethisdiscoverypossible.Itismtriginng
thatsowidelydistributedataxon,ofwhichweareabletocite36speci-
mens,hasremainedundetectedforsolong.
Additionalspecimensexamined;CANADA.BRITISHCOLUMBIA:NorthernOkanagan,
SpallumcheenMunicipality,PowerhouseRd.,Mside,nearStardelDrive,alt.ca. 1350ft,
50°27'N,119°09'W,bush,1.5mtall,±erect;fruitdeepplum/chestnut,ellipsoid-turbi-
nate,19Aug1995,././3,Phtpln-"164(UBC,UWO);OkanaganValley,Oyama,ca.0.5mi
EofEendofspit,alt.ca. 1320ft,50n)7'N,119°2rW,hedgelineonclaysoil,bush5m
Phiprsani:iO'Khnnon,NewspeciesofCrataegusfromWesternNorthAmerica 177
tall,frtiitplum-purple,turbmate,17Aug1995J,C.Ph!pps7158(UWO);Castlegar,Selkirk
Calotll9e5g0egfrt,outnrdese,6tomwartadlsl;bostttaomemnosfs5l,opaentbheeyrosndpableeehpiivneks,,sbcurdusbbfyorarceead,4ti9l°1109'MNa,y1,17t°h3en8'W1,0
stamensseen,06May1994J.B.Phipjn692W8(BRIT,CAN,DAO,TRT,UBC,UWO,US);
OkanaganValley,WestsideRd.,ca.9mi ofjet.with97and±dueoppositeVernon,
woodededgesonwestofroad,50°15'N,119°27'W,ca.1200ft,tree,5mtall,fruitsmall-
ish,brightred-burgundy,19Aug1994,Phipps.J.B.&O'Kennon,R.J.6990(CAN,TRT,
UBC,UWO);NorthernOkanagan,Hwy97,Eside,betweenWestsideRd.andSilverCreek
Rd.,alt.1800ft,equalsJBP6969,beautiful7mtree,50°2.3'N,119"17'W,convexlight
yellow-greenfoliage,fruitlightred,turningtoburgundy,roundish,fatteratbase,glossy,
t1h9orAnugpas1t9u9r4e,jPushttpNpsoJf.rBa.ilr&oaOd'KaenndnoWn.oRf.cJ.ent6r9a9l3bu(sBiRnIeTss,sUeWctOio)n;,aSlta.lcmao.n19A0r0m,ft,la5r0g°e4h3a'wN-,
119°16'W;bush,4.5mtall,fruirburgundy,locallyfrequent,(equalsJBP6959);20Aug
1994,Phipps.J.B. &O'KWennon.RJ. 7027(CAN,TRT,UBC,UWO);OkanaganValley,
WestsideRd.,ca.9mi ofjet.with97and±dueoppositeVernononEsideofroad,
fenceline50°15'N,119°27'W;7mmultitrunkedtree,fruitburgundy,alt.ca.1200ft,19
Aug1994,PhippsJ.B.&O'Kennon.RJ.6991(BRIT,CAN,TRT,UWO);OkanaganVal-
ley,NNEofVernonatjet,91197A,scrubbyhillsideEsideofroad,26Sep1993,7.6.Phipps
andRJ.O'Kennon6821(BRIT,UWO).PassCreekRd.,NofCastlegar,1.3mialong,mesic
grassyslopes,alt.ca.1800ft,49°19'N,117°40'W,bush,4mtall,fruitreddish-burgundy
(somewhat'chestnut'-ROK),23Aug1994,PhippsJ.B.&O'Kennon.RJ.7036(TRT,UWO);
Castlegar,SelkirkCollege,pathbehindbeehivestowardsriveredge,openwoodland-scrub,
alt.950ft,49°I9'N, 117°38'W,tree,20fttall,reddish-purplefoliage,darkpurple, ±
roundfruit,20stamens,26Sep1993,PhippsJ.B.&O'Kennon.RJ.6824(UWO);Slocan
Valley,SofSlocan,aboveswampalongsmallroadoffHwy.6&justNofPerrySiding
Vfarceurriotnsosrneridov-nebrWu,r4gs9ui°nd4dey0R,'dN2,a2b1oA1uu7tg°23.0159'-9W34,,khPmehdiSgpeWpssoJaf.niBdn.tbe&rrsueOsc'htKyieonsnnlooonpfe,9s7,RJ&a.lt9.771A07,477a5lt(.fUt4,W5bO0u)fs;th,5N60N°m2W0t'aNlol,,f
119°20'W,backoffieldonwestsideofroad,bush5mtall,24Sep1993,PhippsJ.B.&
O'Kennon.RJ.6785(UWO);OkanaganValley,Hwy.#97,ca.2miSofSilverCreekRd.
exit,(200mSof'roadnarrows'sign),(100mSofJBP6968),50°23'N, 119°17'W,alt
1800ft,incut-overforest,youngtree7mtall,11May1994J.B.Phipps6969(BRIT,
TRT,UWO);OkanaganValley,ca.8kmNNEofcenterofVernon,PleasantValleyRd.,
behindVowle'sresidence,hedgeatSboundaryofBurke'sPYO,50°18'N,119°l4'W,alt.
380m,dense,broad,maturehedge,dominantspecies,3-7mbush,10pinkanthers,thorns
ltuorneg,fjourstspNecioefs,ra2ilMraoayd1a9n9d4WJ.oB.fcPehnitprpasl6b8u7si9ne(sUsWcOe)nt;erS;a5l0m°o4n3A'rN,m,1l1a9r°g1e6h'aWw,thalotr.n1p9a0s0-
fUt,WbOus,h,V)5;mOkatanlla,g1a0nsVtalalmeeyn,s,NepwipnokratntBheearsc,h1c0amMpsaiyte19o9n4W,J.sBi.dePRhdi.p,psap6p9r3o9x.(dTuReT,NUWBCo,f
Vernon,endofparkinglot,Sendofcamp,50°20'N,119°22'W,belowtrees,alt,1140ft,
RtrJe.e569m88tal(l,BRerIeTc,thDaAbiOt,,bUuBrCg,unUdyWfOru,it,V)s;hoNrtNtEhoronfs,Ve1r9noAnu,gS1o9f94j,et.Phoifpp9s7.Ja.nBd.9&7OA'KjeunsntonN,
ofBakerHoggRd.,bottomofhill,50°21'N,119°15'W,alt.350m,4mbush,purplish
fruit,23Sep1993,PhippsJ.B.&O'Kennon,RJ.6821(UWO);OkanaganValley,Esideof
97,halfmiNofintersectionwith97;scrubbyslopeswithlongclearedarea,50°21'N,
119°15'W,mostabundantspecieshere,bush6mtall,redfruit;19Aug1994,Phipps.J.B.
&O'Kennon.R.J.6999(UWO);Castlegar,grassyfloodplainENEofSelkirkCollege,dense
hawthornthicketsonbanksofoldoxbow,alt.950m,49°19'N,117°38'W,tree,9mtall,
foliageelliptical,slightlylobed,purple,fruitglobose,darkpurple,?=20stamens,27Sep
1993,Phipps.J.B.&O'Kennon.RJ.6827(CAN,ID,MONTU,TRT,UBC,UWO,US);
178 SiDA18(1)
NorrhcrnOkana^'an,ca.1miSolEnderby,graveldrivewaytoNEstartingatIndianOm-
etery,alt.1300ft,5()"3I'N,119°08'W,bush,4mtall,fruitburgundy,onlyonehere,20
Aug1994,Phipps.J.B.&iyKeinmi.R.J.7006(UWO).
U.S.A.IDAHO.IdahoCo.:US12,ca.10roadmiEofKooskia,bankatbackoffield,
Nfruistidbeurogfurnodayd,,2wi6tAhulgarg1e99h4a,wtPhhoirppnss.,J.4B6.°0&7'(rNK,enr1io^i"i.50R.'JW.,70al8t.9(15U5W0O)ft.,tMreOe,N9TAmNtAal.l,
FlatheadCo.:EewmiEofColumbiaFalls,atdeadendofMt.CreekRd.(offBernel^d.),
Monayfen1c9e9l4i,nye.Zo3p.poPshiiptpe.^Sh6o9a3l>33(0UWsiOg)n.,4L8a°k2e2'CNo,.:1R1o4u°t0e8'2W1,1,altc.a.3040m0iftS,boufsRho,n2anm,tnarl.l,M0P8
44,atfarmentrance,drivewaythrotighpasture,nearscenicturnoiu,alt.3030ft,47°28'N,
114°06'W,groveofhawthornsonbankSsideofdriveway,20ftapple-liketree,reddish
foliage,blackorbicularfruit,28Sep 1993,PhippsJ.B.&O'Kenmm.RJ.6841(UWO);
Rte.93,ca.4miSofRonan,nearMilepost44,nearscenicturnout,oneofgrouponSside
offarmtirive,47°28'N,114"06'W,alt.3030ft,tree5mtall,quitelargebudsforced'til
i1M1OMaNyT,Us,taTmReTn,sU10W,aOn,theUrSs).piSnka,nd(eeqrusalCsoJ.B:PRo6u8t4e1)2,0008,M3a0ym1i99W4Jo.fB.93PhoinppNs6s9i4de0o(fBRrIoTa,d
aboveFlatheadR.,ingroupofhawthorns,alt.2840ft,47"I9'N, 114°43'Wtree,11 m
DtaAllO,,±oMrObi,culUarW,Ob,lacVk);frRuiotu,t2e92S0e0p,\5909.:6\Pkb/mpp.W^.Jo.fB.jetO.iYwKietihnioUnS.9R3J,.g6r«ou5p8(oBfRhIaTw,tChoArNn,s
pamabiloevWepiFonlfka,t9(h3=eaJodBnPRN.&,sR4i7dOe"'1oK9f'6rN9o,5ad51)a,1b40o°9v4e3M'FaWly,atah1l9et9.a4d,2.8R/.4.,0B.ifntP,hlttoprnpegesh96a9wm5t5htoa(lrlUn,WshOte)ad;mgeeRn,soault1t.0e,22a80n40t,5he2rft5s,
J4.7B°.19&'NO,'Ke1H1r4w°n.38R'.WJ,.b6t8i5sh76(mUWtOal)l;wiRtohutseph2er0o0i,daelxabctulrygu4n2.d6yfkrmuitW,29ofSjeept.1w9i9t3h,UPhSipp9s3,,
longhawthornhedge,aboveFlatheadRiver,47°19'N,114'38'W,alt.2840ft,(equalsJBP
&RO'K6857),09May1994,J.B,P/j/>/v6933(BRIT,MO,MONTU,UWO).WASH-
mIaNrGshTyOrNo.adFsiedrerywiCtoh.:tr1eIewsy.an2d1s,ccra.ub3,ktrmee,S7WmoftaDlaln,vfirluliet,baulrtg.Lcian.d5y,00(Cm.,clo1n8ii=lc5is9i'iNv,er1y1c8o°3mm1'oWn,
here),N23WAug1995,./.B.Phipp.s7174(UWO).OkanoganCo.:ChopakaRd.,3kmdi-
rectly ofPalmerLake,openthicket,lowrockyslopes,edgeoffloodplain,alt.340m,
J4N.8B°.o5f&6T0'o'nNKa,eskn1en1to9,n°.h4u]Rg.'JeW.,h7at1wr0ete5h,o(5r.Un5BsCmt,antUdalWla,lOof,nrugiWtrSip)vle;rusmOi-dkera,endcoa.gtao9n7b5uVraflgr,lte4my8d,y°W,442's8Ni,dAeu1rg1o9ad°129a95b4'o,Wu;tPhb7/upskphsm,,
6mtall,crimsonfoliage,nofruit,3Sep1993,Ph/pps.J.B.&O'Kef/i/ou.RJ.6865(UWO);
SinlahekinValley,ca.5miSofLoomis,indepressionnearroadside,alt.450m,48°45'N,
119°37'W,bush,4mtall,blackfruit,28Aug1994,Phipps.J.B.&O'Kenmm.RJ. 7]09
(UWO);ca.6kmNEofOmak,densehedgesinvalley-bottomamongfarmlands,alt.250
m,48°27'N, 119"28'W,densebush,4mtall,fruitred,changingIromorange,28Aug
1994,Phipps.J.B. &(YKmrinn.RJ. 7100(UWO).WhitmanCo.:US195alongSpring
FlatCreekfewmiSofColfaxatMP35.3,alt.ca.775m,46"51'N,117°2rW,tree,6m
tall,fruitplum-red(someapiiroachingchestnut),groupofsame,28Aug1994,Phipps.
J.B.&(yKe)imii.RJ.7099(UWO);66StaleyRd.,1kmNEofChambers,alt.775m,dry
roadside,youngtreeinfrontyardofHaroldBough,46''39'N,117"!1'W,bush,4mtall,
fruitshrivelled,27Aug1994,Phipps.J.B.&(rKennon.RJ.7096(UWO).
2.CrataegusokanaganensisJ.B.Phipps&O'Kennon,sp.nov.(Fig. 5).
Typi;:CANADA,BritishColumbia:RoughgrasswithhawthornsonHwy,97near
entrancetoKelownaairport,alt. 1800ft,equalsJBP6907,bush,4mtall,frtiit,
slightlydullanddeepred,±ellipsoid,17Aug1994,Phipps.J.B.&(YKcnmni.RJ.
6974(iiolotype:UWO;isotypes:CAN,TRT,UBC,US).