Three-Dimensional Television: Capture, Transmission, Display

639 Pages·2008·13.813 MB·English

by  Levent Onural, Haldun M. Ozaktas (auth.), Haldun M. Ozaktas, Levent Onural (eds.)

Three-DimensionalTelevision
Signals and Communication Technology
CircuitsandSystems Chaos-BasedDigital
BasedonDeltaModulation CommunicationSystems
Linear,NonlinearandMixedModeProcessing OperatingPrinciples,AnalysisMethods,
D.G.Zrilic ISBN3-540-23751-8 andPerformanceEvalutation
F.C.M.LauandC.K.Tse ISBN3-540-00602-8
FunctionalStructuresinNetworks
AMLn–ALanguageforModelDriven AdaptiveSignalProcessing
DevelopmentofTelecomSystems ApplicationtoReal-WorldProblems
T.Muth ISBN3-540-22545-5 J.BenestyandY.Huang(Eds.)
ISBN3-540-00051-8
RadioWavePropagation
forTelecommunicationApplications MultimediaInformationRetrieval
H.Sizun ISBN3-540-40758-8 andManagement
TechnologicalFundamentalsandApplications
ElectronicNoiseandInterferingSignals
D.Feng,W.C.Siu,andH.J.Zhang(Eds.)
PrinciplesandApplications
ISBN3-540-00244-8
G.Vasilescu ISBN3-540-40741-3
StructuredCableSystems
DVB
A.B.Semenov,S.K.Strizhakov,
TheFamilyofInternationalStandards
andI.R.Suncheley ISBN3-540-43000-8
forDigitalVideoBroadcasting,2nded.
U.Reimers ISBN3-540-43545-X UMTS
The Physical Layer of the Universal Mobile
DigitalInteractiveTVandMetadata
TelecommunicationsSystem
FutureBroadcastMultimedia
A.SpringerandR.Weigel
A.Lugmayr,S.Niiranen,andS.Kalli
ISBN3-540-42162-9
ISBN3-387-20843-7
AdvancedTheoryofSignalDetection
AdaptiveAntennaArrays
WeakSignalDetectionin
TrendsandApplications
GeneralizedObeservations
S.Chandran(Ed.) ISBN3-540-20199-8
I.Song,J.Bae,andS.Y.Kim
DigitalSignalProcessing ISBN3-540-43064-4
withFieldProgrammableGateArrays
WirelessInternetAccessoverGSMandUMTS
U.Meyer-Baese ISBN3-540-21119-5
M.TafernerandE.Bonek
Neuro-FuzzyandFuzzyNeuralApplications ISBN3-540-42551-9
inTelecommunications
TheVariationalBayesMethod
P.Stavroulakis(Ed.) ISBN3-540-40759-6
inSignalProcessing
SDMAforMultipathWirelessChannels V.Sˇm´ıdlandA.Quinn
LimitingCharacteristics
ISBN3-540-28819-8
andStochasticModels
I.P.Kovalyov ISBN3-540-40225-X Topics in Acoustic Echo and Noise Control
Selected Methods for the Cancellation of
DigitalTelevision
Acoustical Echoes, the Reduction of
APracticalGuideforEngineers
Background Noise, and Speech Processing
W.Fischer ISBN3-540-01155-2
E. Hänsler and G. Schmidt (Eds.)
MultimediaCommunicationTechnology ISBN3-540-33212-x
Representation,Transmission
andIdentificationofMultimediaSignals Terrestrial Trunked Radio - TETRA
J.R.Ohm ISBN3-540-01249-4 A Global Security Tool
Peter Stavroulakis
InformationMeasures
ISBN3-540-71190-2
InformationanditsDescriptioninScience
andEngineering Three-Dimensional Television
C.Arndt ISBN3-540-40855-X Capture, Transmission, Display
ProcessingofSARData H.M. Ozaktas and L. Onural (Eds.)
Fundamentals,SignalProcessing, ISBN3-540-72532-6
Interferometry
A.Hein ISBN3-540-05043-4
·
Haldun M. Ozaktas Levent Onural (Eds.)
Three-Dimensional
Television
Capture, Transmission, Display
With 316 Figuresand 21 Tables
Prof.HaldunM.Ozaktas Prof.LeventOnural
Dept.ofElectricalEngineering Dept.ofElectricalEngineering
BilkentUniversity BilkentUniversity
TR-06800Bilkent,Ankara TR-06800Bilkent,Ankara
Turkey Turkey
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2007928410
ISBN978-3-540-72531-2 SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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Preface
This book was motivated by, and most of its chapters derived from work
conducted within, the Integrated Three-Dimensional Television—Capture,
Transmission, and Display project which is funded by the European Com-
mission6thFrameworkInformationSocietyTechnologiesProgrammeandled
by Bilkent University, Ankara. The project involves 19 partner institutions
from 7 countries and over 180 researchers throughout Europe and extends
overthe period fromSeptember 2004to August 2008.The projectwebsite is
www.3dtv-research.org.
The editors wouldlike to thank allauthorswho contributedtheir workto
this edited volume. All contributions were reviewed, in most cases by lead-
ing experts in the area. We are grateful to all the anonymous reviewers for
their help and their fruitful suggestions, which not only provided a basis for
acceptingordecliningmanuscripts,butwhichalsoimprovedtheirqualitysig-
nificantly. We would also like to thank our Editor Christoph Baumann at
Springer, Heidelberg for his guidance throughout the process. We hope that
this book willproveusefulforthose interestedinthree-dimensionaltelevision
andrelatedtechnologiesandthatitwillinspirefurtherresearchthatwillhelp
make 3DTV a reality in the near future.
Theeditors’workissupportedbytheECwithinFP6underGrant511568
with the acronym 3DTV.
About the Authors
Gozde B. Akar receivedthe BS degree from Middle EastTechnical Univer-
sity,Turkeyin1988andMSandPhDdegreesfromBilkentUniversity,Turkey
in 1990 and 1994, respectively, all in electrical and electronics engineering.
Currently she is anassociateprofessorwith the Departmentof Electricaland
Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University. Her research in-
terestsareinvideoprocessing,compression,motionmodelingandmultimedia
networking.
Anil Aksay received his BS and MS degrees in electrical and electronics
engineering from Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey in 1999
and 2001, respectively. Currently he is with the Multimedia Research Group
in METU, where he is working as a researcher towards the PhD degree.
His research interests include multiple description coding, image and video
compression, stereoscopic and multi-view coding, video streaming and error
concealment.
A.AydinAlatanreceivedhisBSdegreefromMiddleEastTechnicalUniver-
sity,Ankara,Turkeyin1990,the MSandDIC degreesfromImperialCollege,
London, UK in 1992, and the PhD degree from Bilkent University, Ankara,
Turkey in 1997, all in electrical engineering. He was a post-doctoral research
associate at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and New Jersey Institute of
Technology between 1997 and 2000. In August 2000, he joined the faculty of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department at Middle East Technical
University.
Jaakko Astola received the PhD degree in mathematics from Turku Uni-
versity, Finland in 1978. Between 1979 and 1987 he was with the Depart-
ment of Information Technology, Lappeenranta University of Technology,
Lappeenranta, Finland. From 1987 to 1992 he was an associate professor in
appliedmathematicsatTampereUniversity,Tampere,Finland.From1993he
hasbeenaprofessorofSignalProcessingatTampereUniversityofTechnology.
VIII About theAuthors
His research interests include signal processing, coding theory, spectral tech-
niques and statistics.
RichardBatesisaresearchfellowwithintheImagingandDisplaysResearch
Group at De Montfort University, where his main interests are software de-
velopment for 3DTV displays and evaluating the usability and acceptability
of 3DTV displays. He holds a PhD on human-computer interaction.
Kostadin Stoyanov Beev is a researcherin the Central Laboratoryof Op-
tical Storage and Processing of Information, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
He receivedthe PhDdegreein2007intheareaofwaveprocessesphysics.His
MS degree in engineering physics has two specializations: quantum electron-
icsandlasertechnique,andmedicalphysics.Hisresearchinterestisinoptics,
holography,material science, biophysics and evanescent waves.
Kristina Nikolaeva BeevaisaresearcherintheCentralLaboratoryofOp-
tical Storage and Processing of Information, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
Her MS degree in engineering physics has two specializations: quantum elec-
tronics and laser technique, and medical physics. Her research interest is in
the fields of optics, holography,laser technique and biophysics.
Philip Benzie obtained an honours degree in electrical and electronic engi-
neering from Aberdeen University (AU) in 2001. His PhD on the application
of finite element analysis to holographic interferometry for non-destructive
testing was obtained in 2006 at AU. Currently his research interests include
holographic imaging, non-destructive testing and underwater holography.
M. Oguz Bici received the BS degree in electrical and electronics engineer-
ingfromMiddleEastTechnicalUniversity(METU),Ankara,Turkeyin2005.
Currently he is with the Multimedia Research Group of the Electrical and
ElectronicsEngineeringDepartment,METU,studyingtowardsaPhDdegree.
Hisresearchinterestsaremultimediacompression,errorresilient/multiplede-
scription coding and wireless multimedia sensor networks.
Cagdas Bilen received his BS degree in electrical and electronics engineer-
ingfromMiddleEastTechnicalUniversity(METU),Ankara,Turkeyin2005.
Currently he is a MS student in the Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Department and a researcher in Multimedia Research Group of METU.
Among his research topics are image and video compression, error conceal-
ment, distributed video coding, multiple description coding, stereoscopic and
multiview video coding.
Sukhee Cho received the BS and MS degrees in computer science from
Pukyong National University in 1993 and 1995, respectively. She received
the PhD degree in electronics and information engineering from Yokohama
National University in 1999. She is currently with the Radio and Broadcast-
ingResearchDivision,ElectronicsandTelecommunicationsResearchInstitute
About the Authors IX
(ETRI),Daejeon,Korea.Herresearchinterestsincludestereoscopicvideocod-
ing, multi-viewpoint video coding (MVC) and 3DTV broadcasting systems.
M. Reha Civanlar received the PhD degree in electrical and computer en-
gineeringfromNorthCarolinaStateUniversityin1984.Heiscurrentlyavice
president and director of the Media Lab in DoCoMo USA Labs. He was a
visiting professor of computer engineering at Koc University in Istanbul for
four years starting in 2002. Before, he was the head of Visual Communica-
tionsResearchDepartmentatAT&TLabsResearch.Heisarecipientof1985
Senior Paper Award of the IEEE Signal Processing Society and a fellow of
the IEEE.
Edilsonde AguiarreceivedtheBSdegreeincomputerengineeringfromthe
Espirito Santo Federal University, Vitoria, Brazil in 2002 and the MS degree
in computer science from the Saarland University, Saarbru¨cken, Germany in
2004. He is currently working as a PhD student in the Computer Graphics
Groupatthe Max-Planck-Institut(MPI) Informatik,Saarbru¨cken,Germany.
His research interests include computer animation, motion capture and 3D
video.
Stephen DiVerdi is a doctoral candidate at the University of California
in Santa Barbara. He received his bachelors degree in computer science from
HarveyMuddCollegein2002.Hisresearchcoverstheintersectionofgraphics,
vision, and human computer interaction, with an emphasis on augmented
reality.
Funda Durupınar is a PhD candidate at the Department of Computer En-
gineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey. She received her BS degree
in computer engineering from Middle East Technical University in 2002 and
her MS degree in computer engineering from Bilkent University in 2004. Her
researchinterestsinclude physically-basedsimulation,clothmodeling,behav-
ioral animation and crowd simulation.
Karen Egiazarian received the MS degree in mathematics from Yerevan
State University, Armenia, and the PhD degree in physics and mathematics,
fromMoscowLomonosovStateUniversity,andtheDrTechdegreefromTam-
pereUniversityofTechnology.CurrentlyheisfullprofessorintheInstituteof
Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology. His research interests
are in the areas of applied mathematics, and signal and image processing.
G. Bora Esmer received his BS degree from Hacettepe University, Ankara
in 2001 and the MS degree from Bilkent University, Ankara in 2004. He is a
PhD student in the area of signal processing since 2004. His areas of interest
include optical information processing and image processing.
Christoph Fehn received the Dr-Ing. degree from Technical University
of Berlin, Germany. He currently works as a scientific project manager at
FraunhoferHHIandasanassociatelectureratUniversityofAppliedSciences,
X About theAuthors
Berlin. His research interests include video processing and coding, computer
graphics,andcomputervisionforapplicationsintheareaofimmersivemedia,
3DTV, and digital cinema. He has been involved in MPEG standardization
activities for 3D video.
Atanas Gotchev received MS degrees in communications engineering and
inappliedmathematicsfromTechnicalUniversityofSofia,Bulgaria,thePhD
degree in communications engineering from Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,
andtheDrTechdegreefromTampereUniversityofTechnology,Finland.Cur-
rently he is a senior researcheratthe Institute of SignalProcessing,Tampere
University of Technology. His researchinterests are in transform methods for
signal, image and video processing.
Ugˇur Gu¨du¨kbay is an associate professor at the Department of Computer
Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey. He received his PhD degree
in computer engineering and information science from Bilkent University in
1994.Then,he conductedresearchasapostdoctoralfellowatHumanModel-
ingandSimulationLaboratory,UniversityofPennsylvania,USA.Hisresearch
interestsincludedifferentaspectsofcomputergraphics,multimediadatabases,
computational geometry, and electronic arts. He is a senior member of IEEE
and a professional member of ACM.
Jana Harizanova is a researcherin the CentralLaboratoryof Optical Stor-
age and Processing of Information of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
RecentlyshehasreceivedherPhDdegreeinthefieldofholographicandlaser
interferometry.Her mainresearchinterests include interferometry,diffraction
optics and digital signal processing.
Tobias Ho¨llereris anassistantprofessorofcomputer science atthe Univer-
sityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,whereheleadsaresearchgrouponimaging,
interaction, and innovative interfaces. Ho¨llerer holds a graduate degree in in-
formatics from the Technical University of Berlin and MS and PhD degrees
in computer science from Columbia University.
Klaus Hopf received the Dipl-Ing degree in electrical engineering from
the Technical University of Berlin, Germany. He has performed work within
government-funded research projects on the development of videoconferenc-
ing systems,andin researchprojectsdevelopingnew technologiesand forthe
representation of video images in high resolution (HDTV) and 3D.
Namho HurreceivedtheBSMSandPhDdegreesinelectricalandelectron-
ics engineering from Pohang University of Science and Technology
(POSTECH), Pohang, Korea in 1992, 1994, and 2000. He is currently with
the Radio and Broadcasting Research Division, Electronics and Telecommu-
nications ResearchInstitute (ETRI), Daejeon, Korea.As a researchscientist,
he hasbeen with CommunicationsResearchCentre Canada(2003–2004).His
mainresearchinterestsarecontroltheory,powerelectronicsand3DTVbroad-
casting systems.
About the Authors XI
RossitzaIlievareceivedtheMSdegreeinphysicsin1968andapostgradua-
tioninopticsandholographyin1979fromSofiaUniversity.Shehasexperience
in stereo imaging and holography (researcher at CLOSPI BAS, 1975–2005),
Since then she is a researcher in the Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Department of Bilkent University, working on holographic 3DTV displays.
Peter Kauff is the head of the Immersive Media & 3D Video Group in
the Image Processing Department of the Fraunhofer HHI. He is with HHI
since1984andhasbeeninvolvedinnumerousGermanandEuropeanprojects
related to digital HDTV signal processing and coding, interactive MPEG-4-
basedservices,aswellasinanumberofprojectsrelatedtoadvanced3Dvideo
processing for immersive tele-presence and immersive media.
Jinwoong Kim received the BS and MS degrees from the Department of
Electronics Engineering of Seoul National University in 1981 and 1983, re-
spectively.HereceivedthePhDdegreefromtheDepartmentofElectricaland
Computer Engineering of Texas A&M University in 1993.He joined ETRI in
1983whereheiscurrentlyaprincipalmemberofresearchstaff.Hehasbeenin-
volvedinmanyR&DprojectsincludingTDXdigitalswitchingsystem,HDTV
encoder systemand chipsetandMPEG-7and MPEG-21core algorithmsand
applications. He is now 3DTV project leader at ETRI.
Metodi Kovachev received the MS degree in 1961 and the PhD degree
in physics in 1982 from Sofia University. He has experience in optical design,
stereoimaging,holography,opticalprocessing,electronics(directorandsenior
researcher at CLOSPI, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1975–2005). Since
then he is a senior researcher in the Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Department of Bilkent University, working on holographic 3DTV displays.
Alper KozreceivedtheBSandMSdegreesinElectricalandElectronicsEn-
gineeringfromMiddle EastTechnicalUniversity,Ankara,Turkeyin2000and
2002, respectively. He is currently a PhD student and a research assistant in
the samedepartment.His researchinterestsinclude watermarkingtechniques
for image, video, free view, and 3D television.
Hyun Lee received the BS degree in electronics engineering from the
Kyungpook National University, Korea in 1993 and the MS degree from
KAIST (Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology), Korea in
1996. He enrolled in a doctoral course at KAIST in 2005. Since 1999, he has
been with the Digital Broadcasting Research Division in ETRI (Electron-
ics andTelecommunicationsResearchInstitute). His currentinterestsinclude
mobile multimedia broadcasting,digitalcommunications and3DTVsystems.
Wing Kai Lee holds a PhD degree in optical engineering from the Univer-
sity of Warwick. He is currently working as a research fellow in the Imaging
and Displays Research Group, De Montfort University. His research inter-
ests include 3D display and imaging,high speed imaging, holography,optical
non-contact measurements, digital video coding, and medical imaging.