Think Like A Grandmaster: Algebraic Edition

94 Pages·2003·9.27 MB·English

by  Alexander Kotov

Think Like a
Grandmaster

Alexander Kotov

Transtoted by Bernard Catferty

Algebraic Classics Series
Series Editor: Dr. John Nunn GM.

B. T. Batsford Ltd, London
ime pial asthe USSR.
fogs mana @ PT Dando 197

Rapier 1980, 1589.1 988.1, 1585, 698, 1995, 1008
Friis Libary Coopuingae retain Dass
A caogue ecu fa book

Alb uss serie Nu grt of it Book ay Le
epvuctyby ay mate Dene toe permision

“ype by John Shas aud ets Fd,
went Coat Beats Ue
Cacti Fen and Deg tor

BT Baer! (U1

“The Chrys king,
Leann e859

pba:

Sih ew Yak, NIETO

ABATSFORD CLESS HOOK

Contents

Spmbols
Preface
{trodcion: An Lou Faperiment

4 Analysis of Variations
Do sow Know how Analyse?
“istorieal Digresion
“The Troe of Analysis
‘Raed and Unforood Variations
Dilforent Typos of axe
‘Bare Trunk
A Coppice”
“Tails of Varntons*
Selestion of Candidate Moves
"What is a Candidate Move?
“Creeping Moves!
Grose Bhiaders
‘Dizvines due Success
Corsidened Reflexes
‘The Blind Spot
“Tercugh the Hyer of a Pueer~ Bloripufeld's Rule
Mote Pacteal Advice
“To analyse of Noco Anatyse?
Psioas for Aualyas oc Judgement
‘Teast your Oppencat Na?
‘Timecrouble
Browse

2 Peaitionnl Judgement
‘Open Lines and Diagonals
"Modera Eicas on Opea Lincs
awn Stracture and Wea Squares
"Weak Squares
sed Pasas
Pawn Lalande
‘Weak Colca Complexes

“The Poston of Pieces
‘Boor Pai of a be of Pies
Spoce andthe Conse

Berne

‘An Expurenot Continued

Iinitate Botanic or Nader?

‘What Conerete and What ia General?

General Questions and Preparation
‘The Opening

(Goneral Pomme and Conerte Analysis

3 Pleasing
Single Pin
Prankxsese Pushed
Be Penile
‘The Ceaue
‘Closed Cente
pen Ceare
‘Mobile Ceare
Fixed Contre
‘Tension athe Cease
xecisns

4 7he Rudlog

5 A Player's Knowtedre
Opesing Stay
It Poel to Soy dhe Middlegame?
Adjoursed Gacoss
‘Advice on Various Quions
Chews and Lite
‘The Fase af Success
‘Kaow Your Opponent
Know Taye
Soluons tothe Breecics
les of Nees

Symbols
+ Oe

Baiant move
Bid move

7 Blunder

* Mae

(0) Diagrn folows
Preface

‘An immente number ot hooks have
been wri on chet. Some chest
‘riers sonata sana games, oh
fers compile and bring op 10 date
orks on opening varatons, bul
‘nbange at it ay seetn,n0 one has
had tho ie of dneibing theme
‘ds by which the leading players of
‘ur tise bate reached the peak of
thelr playing eueagih Yet study of
these methods wuld greatly tli
tate the process of mattring thei
tsaces of Ue game,

Ta is book the autor devriber
how Rotwnaik, Tal, Seusloy, Be-
tronia, Keres, Bronstein and many
cther leading grandmusters studied
chess theory, aad tinea themacives
teunderated te mysteries of chess
suategy sad tactics. They thea
Selves have revealed some of their
methods in atielce and gate anno
totions, while K have become ac
‘qutinted with others from personal
‘comersetions With my Glo grand

“The reader will oko find a 80-
count of my own personal expeti-
fee my achievements inte eld
‘of cheye are Exe revel of immense
fraed wav i studying theory und
ater nyse hat Cas experience
wil prove ta be of interest to the
ude

Cac is 0 complex game, yot
amilioos of eothosinne are fasci-
rain by Some of them zeach the
playing steagth ofa tt or socon
feaiegery ployer, while odors axe
‘ollie to be kaoora all ur fe
5 "a beginoer'. Yet surly even a
‘weuk pluyer would Bike to win a
ches ile and be kuown a aster,
‘oe even grandmaster, IP someone
could only shew them how to reach
this gonk, then many of these enthu-
sista would be prepared t9 set off
‘long the fong sad irksome roa of
twceoameat play wit all us exciting
‘nd neve racing experiences.

How ten dace cae become
randeasator? a i the ase thar 3
song players abilities arc putoly
‘aural and st hard work eaanot
change anyéing? Narucally thote
nut fo ann inane ahiily, ul
ia other axboees of human sadosy-
‘ur the main foto in mmienss, an
‘tinting efor to maser the skills of
hess stistegy and tara.

"That great shes chinkse Brpanuel
Lasker tect that ia the apace of
100 hoers he could praduce'afrst-
categoey player from 4 yousg maa
‘of erags ability. Could ane go fu
ther thon Wat? Lasker never bad
‘occasion to prove te vaiity of bia
claim; the quedon autaraly aries
10 Preface

ould ne by din of arfib way
dard woe pow ep com
‘Castor on end 2 pandas

My own experience tls ne Dat
sch wy snd atk ead 0
Dero vse | wuld vend ths
foader that upto 1958 Thad mover
‘managed to reach maser landara
emo of the pune ta pe:
fod (920-37 led suddenly
“great leap Berman gine the
aver ee TD snd only one
yo ter that of grandma. If
Ie thc one cat Becomes giant.
tGavter by coe s oom endeavors
fone merely as ork hard a
How exactyn go about is com.
{sed in 8 Yok

Oh fo pot re wert noting:

4) Mey dese ome ebook
clear abd Sebpa) as posse lo:
Jedime w emplyy new mares for
Some steps ows se cone
This wey not done ln an ates

try for an unnccestarity sientic
spprouch, but merely tp help the
‘momerisotion of important points

"2 The bork makes use toe cee
exteat of tho games and advice of
‘hose Soviet prandmastecs whe be
Jag «> what now called he oder
gescration. The eessan fae this te
that all wy chess career 5 have
rubbed shoulders with Borvinaik,
Keres and Smysiow. The younger
‘gmdate the oer a, ee
busy wid tow cortent toueeament
bates and write lees about theit
eught processes a he bear, sce-
_mally restricting Wemselves 1 giv
tng onnoree varatons

3} "The book contains gamed by
he aother ~ again easily under
‘andable us, io aiming to describe
he secrets ofthe chess mind, Ihave
rally po ig owe ep nt
Powe hen,

‘So, dene reader, fon into ha
de, €9 sora the heights of grande
sister chess?

Introductior

An Unusual Experiment

‘We shall cow uy to describe the
omplex pecan dink which
takes place faa prandansier’s sind
ring play. To explain his teught
process ts clearly as powsbie It
th ry Hile experiment hat ws
suggested to mc by the mathod of
sudying mechanics in high school
Fast of all one sowies Stalies~ tbe
ect of foecas om hogy est—
and mien Drynarnlcs. in wich the
same phenemens atc studiod in
‘motion. So, oo, we shall frst con-
sider how tein about moves fom
the sale potae of view and thea
leer the bouk (am he dynam
et ar then imagioe the wom
where a toprolagh Louoaaoscat is
bing plays. Let ua go on €9 the
stage and ask one of tie players, for
ample Pelagaewsiy 0 give op it
feat 0. Let us aot atk Smystor
to tellus sight avay without any
furthcr copaideration che course
of is heogita as be suis «pos
Hoa ia which he, Whilst move
‘Tena be certain that bis Cet me
section would be sount how many
Davros there ao, As ale rane
‘mecter can tk in ww glance, with
out couating, how meny pieces here
sre However he may at ence also

count the places. We sow assume
‘ha Polugaavsley has ot sazeficed
anything and so mera is evel

‘The ara stge fa Smut’ think
ing wil be wa clarity the following
pe

ist roo which opening bas tis
position arisen. $f not many moves
fave been tate, be we able
fscerain thls from ehe pawn con
fMguradoo aod me position of the
pieces. Tr we are well into dhe
‘aiddlegame then cre asco werk on
the remonats oft pro strut,
fm Ue open a and ingens
Dutpunt Coe ako

"Thon tne follows the qustion:
have Teves bad tie postion before,
foc bas itever ccured in gums by
(ther grandmmsters? This is aa i
portant point in cariving eatery,
Sy Fonceaa cal to mind aml p>
aon Cem cadorgamcs thea itis
‘ater to veach m arsement of how
things stad, and te bitupon he cor
rect plan or inalyse vations. Su
2 se of arcumulated knowlodge i
an ercolleat wey of saving chinking
time aa well euavoidiag sors or the
‘erg pa

"Thi pried of though, which we
call the olarioation period, is very
22. Introduction

impotent. Here the asin cols is
played by the knowledge, expec
nce and enuidionof the gremtmaa
(er, Nanay the memory p39
‘part a being to hring to mind he
_moves play n games of long age.
‘One eon find emuankable amples
pf tie techalquc ip the games of
‘Aseehine and Botwinoik, who ete
thereby helped to provoce sat
works of

‘Armed with these peellinary
soundings, the graadmasier thea a
tempt to users the position. He aot
fonly hie 19 save the basic problem.
ff whe anda Beer he also has 0
discern the nature of the postion
‘down eo ex males dete He wil
now the presence and wurmpsraive
alae of various open ines, all the
‘hile bearing in ride coacicte
teas tht ie bere ben: occupy ths
open file ar dingo, close that one.
(this File neue the action of
the enemy cooks. He wl el work
fut which important ouipests he
Ehould occupy with is Knight,
{roa which outposts be shoot dive
‘oat the enemy cavalry, I wile
‘come clear 19 bim hich of bis
Pawan and thore of th appien a
freak, where thee ae tong passed
pawor. Jaa exe subconscious than
Ponscious way he will caablish
‘whet her is co-operation and bar-
sony Boron his pieces, ans ike
‘vise forthe opponent He il my 10
Dimsclf mentely thsi wht eve
ta pet righ hero where Traut ce
pup.

wi ot enue Smt tach
rouble to exabhch whlch side 200
tuoi te conte, and what he ia
flnence onthe cont of this or that
pisee. Theo he wil asess the vale
‘teach side's pawn chains, and ind
fut where pawn alvances ie poss!
Fie Aer ae he ll epderetand
‘more clearly wha haste beter po-
sition, ho has the initiative, who
fun tack, who will be Forced 40
‘defend, He will decide sivere White
‘mor atak if Black merely defen,
tor ieteed tries wo counter atu on
the flank. Or wll Black uy foc 2
blow in De centre —m gronduance
ras fll wel that the best anemer
fia flank stack ina counter blow
Th de esate

Fall, ifthe position is even,
Saayslow will decide that he most
tmanocarre quietly so aye proweke
‘eaknesses in the enemy camp.

"This then fs the way tht grand
master the tournament roe pees
out asessing a poston. We cane
‘ot fava that be will dea withthe
lements of dhe postion i this re
‘las ender, Mach of what we Dave
‘ategerted bo will probably ems
‘unis iouition, but ia one way 30
ther the various problems will be
‘onside nad solve

"How much time dowy this process
abe? Nataly ths depends on che
_blity ofthe grammar and on the
pect Eeouren of each particalar
oven. There i also the element of
fhespacament. ft is wll known that
‘with some players soher analysis

lays the ain part, wile wit th
fs, lnaltion develuped by analy
Callproctie predowtaiss. Assasiog
postions vers important and aot
‘tine iy devel 19,

ily when be has ome heeagh
this preparatory work will Smystow
stato daw up aplen, Tae dtcesion
Gf a player's thoughts is governed
Prnciplly by the Fentures ofa given
position, but ne small part belongs
fo the charter nf he player. Polo
fan would most Hhely give Gost
‘hoaght 1 bow to dafead bis weak
negate, whores Tal would probably
‘art 2 took forthe nee to Fre
pare sacle

So in one very or another oer
randori decide the geoeral
Plan of campaign, where tt direct
Kix plecon what © atack, and ta
cave of nacessaty bow 29 Uefond,
‘Along with his geoeral plan, he wil
Ihave a more concrete plan, which
decides what bis next few moves
‘wil be: occupy this squere exchange
hat pr, ee He wal also see
his epponeat's plo is ad how he

(Up to thie stage a griatster's
‘hough have hn hued on gener
‘das and seaiege principles. New,
Bt ang as, he wil tt looking for
The st move, He wil eich wat
_moves are posable, and how they Bt
im with hic plan. Thon he wil Begin
spalysng many variations. For exch
Df dhe moves io will examine be
will forese8 the oppeme's eat,
{hea his best answer and x0 of. Only

Iuroticion 1

tes fishy this imurenge tsk,

bow purely anlyical. wil Smysiov
move a pice and siop his clock.
‘Thinking over, move mode!

"Oe ecpenfncnt hae enabled us
to examine the soqusnce of a geand-
rast’s thoughts whee bei eoos-
jag te boat aoe ina gen potion.
‘We have alto lowed from i that a
real chess pliyer rout hve the fo
Towing goalies:

1) Fe mast he wll up io madsen
‘opeing theo

9) His moe no and Koo in hit
mentary de principles Bein tpic
fal miedlegeme.pesions ferme
both rom hi own games, and Een
those of othe players. The more a
player knows snl reraembert, the
naira ima fia a preco-
Gent, Le. a position that has 0°.
‘cued before and which ainda co
his owe presat position. Naural,
itis oct e question of mechanical
memansing, bet of kaowing meth
‘ods and possibly separate moves ad
‘combinations emp a seee Sine
tor other and apprepiately axesied
fn subsequent antes and analysis.
‘ie val el these Frat two quaties
ih good ean ‘bees eran’

3} A grandmaster mut be ab 10
sca a position sccurately and cce-
realy

'4} Notes important isthe ability
to hicupen height plan, wich est
ee he demands of i given post

'3) A grandmaner mostbe ablewe
caleulateacouralely and quickly sl
14 Introduction

he viguicantvaintons that night
Sie in the subsequent couse of
By

“These thon athe nos potast
quate bic players should de
Selo within teases, ial by

practice, analysis and persomal ef.
Fine We shall ao exantine all ene
‘qualities and akow row they can be
suid by dint of hard work. To fe
‘tte their eviment we shal deal
‘with them in diferent eder

1 Analysis of Variations

Do you Know how to
Analyse?

Receatly I wae ited to tae coving
aremony oF lear usnasment 2
hich bei candidate asters ane
fisccategoey players were plying. T
sed my ationee what ty would
Tike me ttl to them about, and 1
‘was indie wit requess. Some
Players asked mle en demonstra
Sn inaeesdng comoltion, while
‘thers wanted ta kaw bow to play
the Slaltlan Degence comedy fer
Back,

“But do you know bow to analyee
variations?” asked my Listeners,
and without giving them time 2 e+
ply went on, vl shuw you bw 1
ualyee variations and ifm wm,
them stop me, Let ue mos tat
fone poi ia your game you hve
choice between two moves, EU or
{Dg Whisk asst yon play? You
elle down comfocably in your
‘ead start your analysis by
Tenly saying to Yourself the posable
snes. “All tight T could play BS?
45d be would probably play 7,
‘rhe oould tke my spam, which
‘Bow undefended, What ten? De I
[ike tbe look of the positiem hoc?
‘You g0 one move Farther ia your

analysis and then you putt 9 ong
face the rok mows ne Fone ap
pests ta you, Thea Jom look atthe
right nue, “What if go igs? He
can deve Rapny by 16, Tg0 Des,
the expire it with his bisbop, Te
capture and be attacks my queen
‘with his rook, That doese"( look
‘ery mies sDihe keighe move ls no
goad Ls Took af the eke move
‘guia. the plays AV? Team reply
#3, but what if he captures xy 3
pawn. What can Tp the? Noy be
Took mave fs no goes, Tmt sek
he knight move spain Ss OS,
Bed, axel; Wet, la No yoeod
Sp Irmsir move Ue Kaige Tey
tte con nove again. Ha, a2"
Sis pri you glace at te clock.
“My goodness! Alceady 30 minmtcs
‘gore on thinking wher to move
thy rook or the Kaleb" 13¢ goes ou
(ike chs youl realy be in time
‘eubla. Aod thea suddenly you re
sary the bappy idea why mave
ook oc knight“ Wht about BT
‘And without may moore ado, without
fn analysis ot ll you move the
bishop, aot Fike chal, with hardly
any considerations al”

My sorde ees inkemupted by
applause. The iene laughed, $9
porate was my plomse of ici at
‘Sivan ible,
16 Do you Know how ro Analsse?

‘When Levene Unt Fas wit
ing a ook to tall a that T knew
stout amalsi, based on shat I hd
Iareed fom other grandmastere
fd wa hd discovewed roy,
‘was rewarded ot gt Py appliance.
‘Thus [came to rewire that players
‘oven in Bigh rides need soch pide
toe, Then suid oxlagly, "Zotvin-
tk ix working hard a€ aying to
ike 2 eens play chess as Well
a hursan being, 50 It me tach
bboman beings to analyse with Oe
sonmacy ofa machine’

‘Tar example have described of
incorrect, unsystemati ting is
‘guile comenn even with players of
‘lsh and igh gradings. They
soneenty abandon Dr analysis
make a move which they bavea't
‘ceominad property aa Let os com
‘lee one ac eas,

"White's attack on the kingslde
lool very threatening, ant naturally
the masta who wae White tied
‘ind. onncrete way to sles te e+
msg king arto get some decisive ad-
‘vantage. Tis not very dificult 3
(a comerse fine mut avoive 2 630-
ifce,

“Thave to tustfoa? the maser
todd mel ba which ple? There
ars rovers posibiler: 26 2xh6,
26 raa6 ot 26 Sgt followed by 27
‘Bans Which hen? Let os analyse
26 age Axed 27 dag’ feg6 28
Hao6 gus 29 006+ 7. The ex-
change down, the d-pawa wel,
Black's bishop is strong. No, at's
i, What 126 Sxh6? Lets have

look, 26.gxh 27 Wis £505 28,
BxeS Wg? 29 Wes (29 Hegs Wags)
29,88 and bore White has noc
Ing concent.

"Posshly 26 ied ie sttonger?
‘Where will she black queen go £5
Is had because of 27 Eno pxbo
28 Wits exf5 29 Bugt+ €x7 30
Benge dg7 31 bd. Two paves
tn, White stand clearly bet Noe
ce 26. sove him, since ther
2 anst gun 28 Bagée or 28
‘rxeot and he black Hag canna be
defended

"$0.26 Dig is good? But what it
26.MhA? Then 27 OabS+ 18
Ne. White cannot allow that; the
‘gecens are exchanged an all bis
Dicoes are en prise, Su pd doesn't
‘work, Lels touk at de cther ca
"ures om 6 and 96 again”

"And once sapie Mis Ooughts
welt un te vr ualications of
thoce two muses, and yet again the
revoking postions did nt appeal ©
(Ge maser, Oper more he oturned ©
‘osider 26 Bd and once aga be
‘a not Bed a wie here. How mamay
‘mer fe jumped feos one variation

te the other, how fen he thought
‘boat thi and that aternpl 13,
‘nly be cao tell. Bat now timc.
Trouble eamne eroeping up and the
snste decided 10 “pay asafe ose
‘which it a demand any real
oats: 26 3, Als, this was l=
tat the worst move he eld have
played. Black replies with the dec
ive 26,208 wn afar 27 Wit iS
28 BOL bd White was forced to co-
Sigo, Nove om pasring that Wits
wis wring Ln reject 26 Og Aftor
26,.8h4 97 Rabe 05 28 Wad
Sant 29 Fue SAM 30 Bose
Seth 31 Bet Gacg? 32 Bhd a6
33 Bast Bed 34 SxoY Qnel 38
BabT White would win,

Can you remember ciey when
{his happened to you in toursament
games? No doube you eal Solos
fdiseoss how to Tear to think wbout
pombe moven sith the pretest
‘iene.

Historical Digreeslon

Practice bas shown that only a
players ve masieted the tectnique
‘of alysis even Righly ested play-
fers ane lahng i Oe sespoct
Tinchy ercles, whace oe bears
many ape sayings, there a.enmmon
ink tha no ype of exaeose ea,
‘hange » player's playing stengih
Wits like t@ quote the words of
Qap Bender Translators note:
(ae ef the main chives inthe
wellknown satrieal novels By TH
find Potroy, The Pentre Chair ane

Do you Know how toAnayee? 17

“Tre Golden Call One ofthe jokes of
iho bask was shee Bender, whe
could not play chess, goveTectres
land digplaye om the game!) ho
‘bs famooe chess lectre said, "The
onde plays well and the broneus
plays badly, and oo lectures will
‘honge thin tate of alli!” Hes
bree, he experience of many PIE
ff widoly efferent playing Heenst
shows hat the oppoite te.

‘We hal be menting aga the
need for regular sele-ananusation,
forthe need to sommarise the les
ona of the tournaments We have
played in. Tie by means of such
elleieian that we can bee lar
ify the faule of our chess inking
"Ta give the eater a better idea of
whngtY mean Tall elf you about
the woe Tid myself in this He,
work which gaveazuch beter res
than Yexpected,

athe period 1935.34 | hart man
aged to aie fret pre in a number
of fist category tourer. Thad
played with euccer in two Mien
championships, but ail te saute 1
‘was tent eth my play When
1 id a eitint sere of games F
same. to the eonchision tht there
‘were serious defects in ey play. 1
tan looking, #8 [write is, at Oe
many exerize bos that fled in
thoes Gays with ates to may games
Believe me, they ate full of harsh
storia woenments, No aplenetc
Bencialne ever pave nach angry a
Sscottocnts ta my moves as 10d ¢
(nce wrote inthe press: "Mest wf all
18 Do you Know how to Anatyee?

ivhecame clear to me drat my male
frohle was net superficial Know!-
frge of the opeainge or poor end
ame technique, but my lilted
(ndarstanding of the cilddlegame.
(My worm font yas am inablley ©
snalyse variations 1 woul apcod Zar
(oa much me examining com
paratively simple pesto, which
‘rea romalted in ime wou. More
‘ver, Tofen made serious bhandars
ioally, after the yoee 1 would al-
‘ways find aut Wat opponent bod
‘eat euch more al tbe boned than T
tind ehecame clear to me tat Tho
tot of hard work todo on master-
Ing te (ecbaigue af analysis”

“This os how F expressed it in
ppablic, havin my exsrcise books 1
Dot much more strongly. “t bad
‘rrked ut the following Variations
Brion, and was daly punisbed
by my appacent Such vague maly-
sien the mai ckawoack in my ply
fn Lmnat ake every effet 00
Hout fhatwas what] orate in my
fates to my game with A. Yeltsov.
“A lack of deste seally 2 go itn
eoncrere variations thoeoogRly, 2
Vague wandering aboot, those ae
‘ny charncterite mintates #9 ary
play imine 1936 Mascon champinee
Ship. waa another gloomy sum
ving.

Tvs particulacy Racowraymt
my gume with Paaoy (Black) which
‘flee a sharp opening reaches! the
following poston.

‘White's tack bathe queensiae,
sot scemed co me, way dewelnping

fn a systematic and logical way. T
Judged tht the ‘ugly founaion of
he Black pices srs pv o hs 3
lows posional difteules. ln the
game thre now came 22 05 Dgst
for which tc audenly became 28
lows that Black ba very dangerous
reals. The main point, however,
‘was that his Kingside pleoes which
Thad thooght gave the Ipreasion
ff awowardaces and lack of 22-9
eration were working together very
‘well, whetcaa my “nicely placed”
pieces were unable nary Ris asty
Urea,

“There now fotlowed 28 M731 13
24 Diet 25 hint aad 26 Bid
3.27 Hea? We and Black has 3
‘winning game. The Gnigh was just
‘Punishment for my ill-founded epti-
‘im: 28 $7 of 29 Me] Bad] 30
Hedi e331 3 205 32 dn
‘Wre} and Black eaily won theend-
ing,

‘After the game we analysed sev-
eral variations. Panow told me tht
fitter 22.0095! he though White
had no good defence. 1623 Hel
then 23.1324 Stl OA bt Ges 25

xo xg? with che tere threats
0f76. Was, 26. WaT and 26.)
2A lieeS'25 Bh3 ek 26 xt
Wes 27 g4 07 28 tgs Wels 29
3 Whos 30 Op Bets 31 dad
Hise 22 shy? Bes wins heguies,

sibiiges which were hidden ia he

oviton remained a mystery for
re tothe end ofthe game. Thad ot
‘eramined a vingle one of Wie tacti-
‘al operations given ebove. Here is
‘hat wrote in ay summary of the
tournameat about my aiscoucop-
tioae inthis gama Tat not able
Find a single one of the vaialont
find ooeahinaios ile Faso he
‘board, T dids't even suspect that
there wae a comibivalion coming at
move 24, and T as very ranged
‘then Pano shared ita woe, To

plan?

Ta pasting Tul the following.
sammanany of the thinkig time | took
in the games of he 1935 Moscow
championship: "om the 17 gemca,
[wor in serious tme-couble ia 7
gummrs, in simple time-couble (S
tminotes ford 10smever in § games,
fet in time trouble in § gumee Gin 3
of which the game did not est long
‘enough forthe time control 19 mat-
(er), In time trouble ployed badly,
most ofthe Une gving on wining op
vatitigns and gaoeea! efectos
‘Well theo, that’s prety eles, Suck

Bo you Knowhow to Analyse? 19

severe selbciticiom presupposes
tthe next step wil be ert
root aut the fas, aut Tetarted ta
work

Having czamined the games of
other players, pavticuaily saastet,
‘and sad the oocasional coniments
‘04 this poin that appeared in game
‘anmctatons, I became evsn mote
‘avineed thas the ability co analyae
Clearly a euffient uum of va
ations 10 00 10 clarity the position
‘was che bare condition for taccest.
Howaver, [alo eame tote concto-
son that in hee analysis some play
fre make vasious asetakes, Scine
texamine s few Kinet th a enone
able depth, othees analyse a Large
umber of variations too or Uae
sngves deep. Toe correct sohtion ie
te find the golion mean, eepacally
ft one i playing against a une
Tin leat ac ha U0 a
ths abilky to vicaateoneaci ia the
labyrint of pontible vikatlons is
ot only natal gif, but also che
result of seious and prolongs ef
or, ued ening.

‘How should one go sbout tis
tnaining! Wheto wis thre a dscrip-
toa of how co tenn an dizeipine
‘nes hough There were uo books
fox the subject and it i not seem
possible te get help from anyeac
la, 20 I bad to fend far myaell.
‘hore a method which seemed to me
the most rational, and forronaely i
‘was the right one, Ever since that
flame T have considered the 08
fate mesh to get good ecu