Praise for Think Better Excellent! A practical guide to the power of productive thinking that should be read by everyone. Glenn Bishop Director, Engineering, Yahoo! Europe A treasury of powerful ideas for anyone who wants to boost their brand equity and contribute mightily to their company’s success. Andy Boynton. Ph.D. Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College and author, Virtuoso Teams A perfect balance of theory and practice. Read it, and don’t look back! Roger J. Burns Worldwide Partner, Mercer Human Resource Consulting Not just a book to be read, but a manifesto for action. Kevin Byron, Ph.D. Senior Fellow, British Higher Education Academy Possibly the most inspiring thinking process I have come across— you’ll miss out if you don’t use it! Rob Devine Leadership Consultant, Singapore The best book I’ve ever read on innovative thinking—accessible, interesting, fascinating, with great examples and stories. Gregg Fraley author, Jack’s Notebook If you want to create the future for your team, organization or the planet, put down the crystal ball and pick up Think Better. Colin Funk Director, Leadership Learning Lab, The Banff Centre An easy read that will train your brain without giving you a headache. Paul Hoffert Fellow, Harvard University and author, The New Client I heartily recommend this lively, pragmatic and exceptionally insightful book for anyone looking to think better in business and in life. Timothy S. Mescon, Ph.D. Dean, Coles College of Business, Kennesaw State University Outlines a framework anyone can use to drive better business results. There is relevance and magic in it. Megan Mitchell Director, Innovation and Leadership Development, Johnson & Johnson Inc. I rarely get so excited about a book. Think Better is pace-setting . . . a primary sourcebook of exciting ideas on innovating productively. Sid Parnes, Ph.D. Emeritus Professor, International Center for Creative Studies and author, The Magic of Your Mind Get copies for everyone you work with, talk about it together, then get on with inventing your future. This book will show you how. Ian Percy author, The Profitable Power of Purpose. A must read for managers, leaders, entrepreneurs— anyone who has to navigate a competitive environment. Kanes K. Rajah, M.Sc., Ph.D. Director, Centre for Entrepreneurship, University of Greenwich Business School, London This book is great! I can’t stop thinking about Think Better. Stephen Shapiro author, 24/7 Innovation Brilliant, thought-provoking, easy-to-read, one of the best creativity books I have read in 30 years. Buy it, read it, and change your life! Arthur B. VanGundy, Ph.D. Professor of Communication, University of Oklahoma and author, Getting to Innovation An effective system for stimulating innovative ideas. More than worthwhile—this book is a must. Roger von Oech author, A Whack on the Side of the Head Beautifully crafted, backed by thorough research, elegant in its simplicity, amazingly rich in insight, powerful in application. Ken Wall Leadership Consultant, Australia THINK BETTER This page intentionally left blank A N I N N O V A T O R ’ S G U I D E T O P R O D U C T I V E T H I N K I N G THINK BETTER (your company’s future depends on i t . . . and so does yours) T IM HURSON New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 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To contact a representative please e-mail us at To my wife, my partner, my teacher, my inspiration, and my best friend, Franca Leeson This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface xi Acknowledgments xv PART 1: Productive Thinking in Context Chapter 1 Why Think Better 3 Chapter 2 Monkey Mind, Gator Brain, and the Elephant’s Tether 17 PART 2: Productive Thinking in Principle Chapter 3 Kaizen vs. Tenkaizen 35 Chapter 4 Stay in the Question 53 Chapter 5 The Miracle of the Third Third 67 PART 3: Productive Thinking in Theory Chapter 6 Productive Thinking by Design 85 Chapter 7 Step 1: What’s Going On? 101 Puzzles, Probes, Possibilities Chapter 8 Step 2: What’s Success? 125 The Future Pull Principle Chapter 9 Step 3: What’s the Question? 143 Great Answer (Wrong Question) Chapter 10 Step 4: Generate Answers 159 Ten Thousand Failures Chapter 11 Step 5: Forge the Solution 177 Masamune’s Katana Chapter 12 Step 6: Align Resources 195 Here Be Lions