Theology and the university in nineteenth-century Germany PDF
Preview Theology and the university in nineteenth-century Germany
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS EditorialCommittee J. BARTON M. N. A. BOCKMUEHL M. J. EDWARDS P. S. FIDDES G. D. FLOOD S. R. I. FOOT D. N. J. MACCULLOCH G. WARD OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS EthicsandBiblicalNarrative ALiteraryandDiscourse-AnalyticalApproachtotheStoryofJosiah S.MinChun(2014) HinduTheologyinEarlyModernSouthAsia TheRiseofDevotionalismandthePoliticsofGenealogy KiyokazuOkita(2014) RicoeuronMoralReligion AHermeneuticsofEthicalLife JamesCarter(2014) CanonLawandEpiscopalAuthority TheCanonsofAntiochandSerdica ChristopherW.B.Stephens(2015) TimeintheBookofEcclesiastes MetteBundvad(2015) Bede’sTemple AnImageanditsInterpretation ConorO’Brien(2015) C.S.PeirceandtheNestedContinuaModelofReligiousInterpretation GarySlater(2015) DefendingtheTrinityintheReformedPalatinate ‘TheElohistae’ BenjaminR.Merkle(2015) TheVisionofDidymustheBlind AFourth-CenturyVirtue-Origenism GrantD.Bayliss(2015) SelflessLoveandHumanFlourishinginPaulTillichandIrisMurdoch JuliaT.Meszaros(2016) GeorgeErrringtonandRomanCatholicIdentityinNineteenth-CenturyEngland SerenheddJames(2016) OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi Theology and the University in Nineteenth-Century Germany ZACHARY PURVIS 1 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©ZacharyPurvis2016 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2016 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015957374 ISBN 978–0–19–878338–1 PrintedinGreatBritainby ClaysLtd,StIvesplc OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi Acknowledgements AsanAmericanwritingabookthatbeganatOxfordonthesubjectofGerman university theology, I have had the great pleasure of working in a number of locations, universities, and institutions, stretching across the US and from thereacrosstheAtlantictotheUK,acrosstheChanneltotheContinent,and across western and central Europe. This has helped foster a comparative perspective on life—academic and otherwise. Even more, it has brought me into contact witha rich diversity of people, places, and ideas, for whichI am deeplygrateful. At Oxford, I have enjoyed some of the most constructive and insightful conversation partners for which one could ask. I would like to single out Johannes Zachhuber for his suggestions, advice, and encouragement. Grants from Regent’s Park College and Oxford’s Faculty of Theology and Religion enabledmetopursuemyresearchinBerlininthespringof2012.Duringthat time,IbenefitedfromtheassistanceofKurt-VictorSelge,AndreasArndt,and Simon Gerber of Humboldt-Universität and the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. A US Fulbright Fellowship and Swiss Federal ScholargrantallowedmetospendatrulywonderfulyearinBasel,Switzerland. The debtsIincurred therearetoomanytocount,but letmethankespecially Martin Wallraff, Georg Pfleiderer, Florian Wöller, and Christian Kaufmann and Annemarie Kaufmann-Merriman for displaying such hospitality, friend- ship,andencouragement,makingmystaynotsimplyacademicallyrewarding, but,inallrespects,personallyenriching,too. The‘TheologiealsWissenschaft’Graduiertenkolleg,andtheForschungskolleg Humanwissenschaften, both connected with Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main,andvariousotherinstitutions,invitedmetospendtimewiththeirgroups inthespringof2013.IamgratefultoClausArnoldandMarkusWriedtfortheir support and assistance then and on various occasions since. A research grant from the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) allowed me to spendhalfayearworkinginMunich.IwouldliketothankProfessorsFriedrich Wilhelm Graf and Jan Rohls at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität for their generous support. Christian Danz and Patrick Leistner of Vienna and the Schelling-KommissionoftheBayerischeAkademiederWissenschaftenprovided supportwithandfeedbackonafewaspectsoftheproject.Sotoodidparticipants intheannualOxford-Bonnjointseminar.TheLeibniz-InstitutfürEuropäische Geschiche(IEG)inMainz,Germany,supportedtheprojectatvariousstages,and allowedmetobringittocompletionin2014.Iremainabidinglythankfulforthe mission and community of Westminster Seminary California in Escondido, California. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi vi Acknowledgements Mark Chapman, Thomas Albert Howard, and George S. Williamson pro- videdhelpfulcommentaryandsomeexcellentquestions.GeorgePattisonand Joel Rasmussen offered valuable suggestions at different phases at Oxford. A number of friends and colleagues have also provided welcome criticism, conversation, and company along the way.Let me thank in particularTravis Baker, Dan Borvan, Casey Carmichael, Scott Clark, Joshua Forrest, Ryan Glomsrud,andMikeHorton,amongsomanyothers. Throughout,thearchivistsandlibrariansatanumberofexcellentinstitutions have provided invaluable and convivial assistance. These include Oxford’s Bodleian Libraries and various college libraries, the Andover-Harvard Theo- logical Library, the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Preußischer Kulturbesitz, the Archiv der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, the Universitätsbibliothek at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, the Bibliothek der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, the Fachbibliothek Theologie und Philosophie and Fachbibliothek Historicum at Munich’s Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, the Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, Basel’s Frey-Grynaeisches Institut, the Karl Barth-Archiv Basel, the Staatsarchiv Basel-Stadt, the Universitätsbi- bliothek Basel, Halle’s Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, the Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenbüttel, the Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig,theUniversitätsbibliothekTübingen,andtheWürttembergischeLand- esbibliothek. I am grateful to the scholars and staff at each of these terrific institutions. A few sections from Chapter5 of the present book appeared in an earlier forminthearticle‘QuietWarinGermany:FriedrichSchellingandFriedrich Schleiermacher’, Journal of the History of Ideas 76/3 (2015), 369–91. I am thankfultobe grantedpermission fromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaPress andOxfordUniversityPresstousethatmaterialhere. IamgratefultoSirDiarmaidMacCullochandthemembersoftheOxford TheologyandReligionMonographsCommittee.TomPerridge,KarenRaith, and Céline Louasli deserve hearty thanks for model editorial work at Oxford UniversityPress.ThesuggestionsfromthePress’sreviewershavealsohelped reinforcethebook’sarguments,thoughofcourseIremainresponsibleforany erroneousjudgementsorlingeringslipsofthehand. Finally,Iammostgratefultomyfamily.Withouttheirconstantsupport— and reminders of those things of everlasting significance—I could not have written this book. No companion could ever compare with my wife Jessica, whohastrulymadeeverythingpossible.Thanksareduetomyparents,David and Sabina, for their considerable support and good humour. This book is dedicated with love and gratitude to my grandfather, Norman, and my late grandmother, Beverly, whose lifelong demonstration of kindness, persever- ance,wisdom,andwithasmeantmoretomethanIcouldhopetoconvey. OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi Contents Abbreviations ix 1. Introduction 1 2. OrganizingKnowledge 14 GrandAmbitions 16 SacredScienceandtheSearchforaGenealogy 20 MappingNewWorlds 34 Conclusion 37 3. InstitutionsandReforms 38 CriticismandErudition 40 ProgressinHalleandGöttingen 47 StateMinistersandUniversityTransformations 54 The‘SpecialEncyclopedia’ofTheology 60 Conclusion 63 4. Enlightenment,History,andNewIdeals 65 AnEmbattledOrder:JohannAugustNösselt,Philosophy,andTheology 68 RupturesandRevolutions:TheCaseofGottliebJakobPlanck 71 TheEthosofWissenschaft 77 Conclusion 85 5. TheologyandWissenschaftinthe‘QuietWar’ 86 Schelling,theFaculties,andTheology’sDualInterests 89 TheologybetweenScienceandState 102 Conclusion 108 6. SchleiermacherfromHalletoBerlin 110 ThePromiseofaNewProfessor 111 APerplexingGuidebookandthePrecariousFutureofthe Curriculum 115 TheIdeaandtheModeloftheUniversityofBerlin 122 Conclusion 137 7. RenewingProtestantism?SchleiermacherandUniversityTheology 139 AScholarandaManifesto 141 PublishingaUniversityText 143 Philosophical,Historical,andPracticalTheology 146 A‘Scientific’and‘Historicist’Legacy 157 Conclusion 163 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi viii Contents 8. TheSpeculativeTrajectory 166 BetweenSchellingandHegel:CarlDaub 167 System-BuildingafterHegel:RosenkranzandMarheineke 171 Strauss,History,andExegesis 180 Conclusion 189 9. PreceptorofModernTheology:Hagenbachand theMediatingSchool 191 ATheologyTrulyScientific? 193 TheLivelySpiritofMediatingTheology 198 HistoricalConditionsandtheFourfoldPattern 202 InfluenceatHomeandAbroad 210 Conclusion 214 10. Conclusion 217 SelectBibliography 231 Index 265 OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,23/5/2016,SPi Abbreviations REFERENCE WORKS AND COLLECTED EDITIONS ADB AllgemeineDeutscheBiographie ASL FriedrichSchleiermacher,AusSchleiermacher’sLeben.InBriefen, ed.LudwigJonasandWilhelmDilthey,4vols BBKL Biographisch-bibliographischesKirchenlexikon,ed.Friedrich WilhelmBautzandTraugottBautz CHC CambridgeHistoryofChristianity,9vols EP TheEncyclopediaofPhilosophy,ed.PaulEdwards,8vols GGB GeschichtlicheGrundbegriffe.HistorischesLexikonzurpolitisch- sozialenSpracheinDeutschland,8vols HUE WalterRüegg(ed.),AHistoryoftheUniversityinEurope,4vols HWP HistorischesWörterbuchderPhilosophie,ed.JoachimRitteretal., 13vols KGA FriedrichSchleiermacher,KritischeGesamtausgabe,ed.Hermann Fischeretal. NDB NeueDeutscheBiographie NSH TheNewSchaff-HerzogEncyclopediaofReligiousKnowledge,ed. SamuelMacauleyJackson,13vols RAC ReallexikonfürAntikeundChristentum,ed.TheodorKlauseretal. RGG ReligioninGeschichteundGegenwart,4thedn,ed.HansDieter Betzetal.,8vols TRE TheologischeRealenzyklopädie,ed.GerhardKrause,Gerhard Müller,andSiegfriedSchwertner,36vols JOURNALS ABG ArchivfürBegriffsgeschichte AHR AmericanHistoricalReview AJT AmericanJournalofTheology BJB BaslerJahrbuch BSac BibliothecaSacra
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