OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS EditorialCommittee J.BARTON M.J.EDWARDS P.S.FIDDES G. D.FLOOD D.N.J.MACCULLOCH C.C.ROWLAND G.WARD OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,10/3/2014,SPi OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS COMEDYANDFEMINISTINTERPRETATIONOFTHEHEBREWBIBLE ASubversiveCollaboration MelissaA.Jackson(2012) THESTORYOFISRAELINTHEBOOKOFQOHELET EcclesiastesasCulturalMemory JennieBarbour(2012) THEANTI-PELAGIANCHRISTOLOGYOFAUGUSTINEOFHIPPO,396–430 DominicKeech(2012) VISIONARYRELIGIONANDRADICALISMINEARLYINDUSTRIALENGLAND FromSouthcotttoSocialism PhilipLockley(2012) REPENTANCEINLATEANTIQUITY EasternAsceticismandtheFramingoftheChristianLifec.400–650ce AlexisC.Torrance(2012) SCHELLING’STHEORYOFSYMBOLICLANGUAGE FormingtheSystemofIdentity DanielWhistler(2013) PATMOSINTHERECEPTIONHISTORYOFTHEAPOCALYPSE IanBoxall(2013) THETHEOLOGICALVISIONOFREINHOLDNIEBUHR’S THEIRONYOFAMERICANHISTORY “IntheBattleandAboveIt” ScottR.Erwin(2013) HEIDEGGER’SESCHATOLOGY TheologicalHorizonsinMartinHeidegger’sEarlyWork JudithWolfe(2013) ETHICSANDBIBLICALNARRATIVE ALiteraryandDiscourse-AnalyticalApproachtotheStoryofJosiah S.MinChun(2014) Theology and Economic Ethics Martin Luther and Arthur Rich in Dialogue SEAN DOHERTY 1 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©SeanDoherty2014 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2014 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013945565 ISBN 978–0–19–870333–4 Asprintedandboundby CPIGroup(UK)Ltd,Croydon,CR04YY LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. Acknowledgements Ibeganworkonmydoctoralthesis,ofwhichthismonographisarevision,in the summer of 2005, just before getting married to Gaby. To her, and to my parents, gomy deepest love andgratitude. I washugely fortunate to have Dr (nowProfessor)BerndWannenwetschasmysupervisor,whowasunstintingly generous with his time, guidance, and friendship, as was Professor Oliver O’Donovan,whosegraduateseminarsitwasaprivilegeandjoytoattend.Iam sogratefultothem,andtomyfellowgraduatestudents,forallthatIlearned fromthem. ToBishopPeteBroadbentandRevdJaneMorrisgomyheartfeltthanksfor allowingmetoservemycuracyinacreativeandflexibleway,inordertogive metimetoworkonthethesis.Similarly,RevdDrGrahamTomlinandRevd DrAndyEmertonnotonlygavemeajobatStMellitus,butAndymadesure I completed the thesis once I arrived! There, Dr Chris and Anja Tilling and RevdChristophLindnerwerekindenoughtocheck(andcorrect)myGerman. Severalbodiesgavemyfamilyandmegenerousfinancialsupport,including theMinistryDivisionoftheChurch ofEngland, theSquireMarriottBursary Fund, and the Kirby Laing Institute for Christian Ethics (KLICE). A happy side effect of receiving assistance from the last was the opportunity to attend KLICE’sgraduateseminar,andtheretogettoknowitsDirector,DrJonathan Chaplin,whohasbeenawiseandsupportiveadvisor. Idrewonvariouspartsofthethesisinmyessay,‘Money’,inLivingWitness: Explorations in Missional Ethics, eds. Andy Draycott and Jonathan Rowe (Leicester: Apollos, 2012). In turn, I draw on that essay in the conclusion of thismonograph,andIacknowledgethathere. Contents Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 WhatThisMonographTriestoDo,andWhy 1 TheMethod 3 TheStructure 4 1. Luther’sMoralTheologicalMethodinHisSermonvon demWucher 7 TheContextoftheSermonvondemWucher 7 TheGenreoftheSermonvondemWucher 10 TheClaimoftheGospelVersustheClaimsofEconomics 13 Luther’sUseofScripture 13 TheFirstDegree:‘IfAnyoneWouldSueYouandTake YourTunic,LetHimHaveYourCloakAsWell’ 16 TheSecondDegree:‘GivetotheOneWhoBegsfromYou’ 28 TheThirdDegree:‘DoNotRefusetheOneWhoWouldBorrow fromYou’ 41 Luther’sMethodinPartOne:SummaryandAnalysis 45 PartTwooftheSermonvondemWucher 54 TheZinskaufandLuther’sResponsetoIt 55 TheSterilityofMoney 59 Luther’sSuggestionsforReform 61 Luther’sUseoftheDoctrineofCreationinEconomicEthics 62 Luther’sConceptsofWorkandVocation 63 Luther’sAssessmentofSelf-Interest 65 ReformsMadebyGovernmentandPersonalActioninLuther’s SocialEthics 66 Conclusion 67 2. ArthurRich’sMoralTheologicalMethodinHisWirtschaftsethik 71 TheContextofWirtschaftsethik 71 Rich’sDescriptionofHisOwnProject 75 The‘BasicEthicalQuestion’andtheUniversalityofthe MoralExperience 76 TheMainSchoolsofEthicalThought,andRich’sPreferredOption 80 TheSourceofRich’sMethodintheThoughtofMaxWeber 82 viii Contents Rich’sConceptofSocialEthics 86 EconomicswithinEthics 89 EthicswithinEconomics 94 HumanityandRevelation 97 Rich’sRootsinKarlMarx 99 Rich’sChosenMethod:Dialogue 101 TheDistinctivenessofChristianSocialEthicsforRich 104 Rich’sRootsinJohnRawlsandTheirConsequencesfor HisSocialEthics 106 HowNearistheKingdomofGod?EschatologyasRich’s KeyTheologicalTheme 109 Rich’sCriteriaforJusticeandHisSocial-EthicalMaxims 122 Rich’sConclusions 133 Conclusion 138 3. AnAnalysisofArthurRich’sMethodintheLightofthat ofMartinLuther 139 EthicsasaScientific,DialogicalDiscipline 139 TheProblemofEthics 142 EschatologyVersusCreationasaBasisforSocialEthics 152 ProblemswithRich’sPracticeofSocialEthics 163 TheRelationshipbetweenEthicsandEconomics 174 TheHumanPerceptionoftheGood 185 Conclusion 192 Conclusion 193 Summary 193 ReflectionsforTheologicalSocialEthicsToday 198 Bibliography 203 Index 221 Abbreviations BEE Rich, Arthur, Business and Economic Ethics: The Ethics of Economic Systems, ed. Georges Enderle, trans. David W. Lutz and Albert Wimmer (Leuven: Peeters,2006). LW Luther,Martin,Luther’sWorks,55 vols.(Philadelphia: Fortressand StLouis: Concordia,1955–1986). ST Aquinas,StThomas,SummaTheologica,2ndrev.edn.22vols.,trans.Fathers of the English Dominican Province (London: Burns, Oates & Washbourne, 1912–36), <http://www.newadvent.org/summa/> accessed January 2006–May 2011. WA Luther,Martin,LuthersWerke:KritischeGesamtausgabe,65+vols.(Weimar: HBöhlau,1883–),<http://luther.chadwyck.co.uk>accessedAugust2005–May 2011.
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