Thelypteris Tuxtlensis (Thelypteridaceae), a New Species in Subgenus Goniopteris from Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

2007·2.6 MB·English

by  Thorsten Krömer

American Fern Journal 97(3):136-139 (2007)
New
Thelypteris tuxtlensis (Thelypteridaceae), a
Species Subgenus Goniopteris from Los Tuxtlas,
in
Mexico
Veracruz,
Krqmer* and Amparo Ace
Tiiorsten buy
Estaoion de Hiologfa Tropical "Los Tuxtlas", Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico,
Apartado San Andres Veracruz 95701, Mexico
Postal 94, Tuxtla,
Alan
Smith
R.
University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. #2405, University of California, Berkeley,
CA
04720-2405, U.S.A.
—
We
new
subgenus
Abstract. describe and illustrate Thtdyptoris tuxtlensis, a species in
Goniopteris (Thelypleridaceae), from the biogeographic region of Los Tuxtlas, in Ihe stale oi
and
Veracruz, Mexico. This species appears to be most closely related to T. hatchii T. biolleyi.
The and
genus Thelypteris (Thelypteridaceae) distributed pantropically,
is
the family, as treated by Smith (1990), comprises about 1000 species, with
abotit 350 in the Neotropics. Distinguishing characters of Thelypteris in its
two
broadest sense species in the family) include the stipe vasculature of
(all
many
on
bundles, acicular hairs parts of the fronds, usually bilateral spores
with prominent and chromosome base numbers from 27
a perispore, to 36.
Thelypteris has been subdivided by pteridologists into about 30
s.l.
supposedly natural groups variously treated as genera, subgenera, or sections.
Amauropelta,
Mexico, Thelypteris includes the segregate genera
In
s.l.
(M
W
differs from all other subgenera of Thelypteris in the presence of forked or
stellate hairs on some part of the blade or on the rhizome scales. Goniopteris is
W
Me
and northeastern Argentina and Paraguay. Until now, 24 species have been
found Mexico, including 16 species the of Veracruz. Thirteen
in in state
species of subg. Goniopteris are either entirely or preponderantly Mexican;
thus, eastern and southern Mexico, along with the Greater Antilles, the Andes,
and southern Brazil, can be considered principal centers of diversity within
subgenus.
this
work Kromer and
During the field for a current research project, T. A.
specimens on San Martin
Acfihev collechul of Thelvnteris the slooes of the
five
* Current address: Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Interior de la
Ex-hacienda Lucas Martin, Privada de Araucarias s/n, Col. 21 de Marzo, C.P. 91019 Xalapa,
Mexico
Veracruz,
NEW
KRO* • MER A FROM
ET THELYPTERIS MEXICO
SPECIES
AL.:
137
Tuxtla volcano, located in the northeastern region of Los Tuxtlas, in the state
known
of Veracruz. This material could not be assigned any
to species
reported from Mexico, Mesoamerica,
or the Antilles.
Thelypteris Kromer, Acebey &
tuxtlensis T. A. A. Sm., no\
R. sp.
MEXICO.
Veracruz: Mpio. San Andres
Tuxtla, ejido Barrio Lerdo, faldas del
volcan San Martin Tuxtla, 1000 m, 18°34'N, 95°10'W, 11 Aug 2005,
T.
Kromer & Acebey 2475 MEXU;
A. (holotype: Isotypes: UC, XAL).
Fig.
1.
Thelypteridi hatchii qua imprimis
affinis, a differt indusiis persistentibus
mm
grandioribus, 0.5-1.0 diam., et pilis intervenes acicularibus patentibus,
vel aliquot furcatis, nee stellatis nee adpressis.
rhizomes X
Terrestrial; erect or suberect, caudices 15 cm; fronds
to 3
monomorphic, X mm,
nearly rhizome brown,
or so; scales to 7 1.5 glabrous or
mm
with and
sparse acicular furcate hairs to 0.1 long; stipes stramineous to
cm mm,
brownish, 28-50 X 2.5-5.5 puberulous with dense
ca. stalked-stellate
mm
hairs, ca. 0.1-0.2 long; blades dark green, chartaceous, pinnate-
1
37-57 X 25-31(-50) cm; buds pinnae 12-16
pinnatifid, lacking; lateral pairs
and a subsimilar to nearly conform terminal one, 11-16 (-25) X 1.6-3.1 cm,
way
1-
incised ca. 0.4-0.6 the to costae, sessile or the proximal ones stalked
mm,
proximal 1-3 and narrowed
2 pairs deflexed slightly to strongly towards
their bases, also slightly shortened; segments oblique, subfalcate (3.5-)4-6(-7)
mm
wide, acutish to obtuse at tips, basal 1-3 pairs on proximal pinnae
8-13
shortened; veins per segment, proximal from
pairs 2 pairs adjacent
common
segments united below sinuses or connivent with vein leading
a to
indument
sinuses; abaxially of whitish furcate or stellate hairs mostly 0.1-
mm
on and some
0.2 long costae veins, densest along costae, also with acicular
mm,
between
hairs 0.3-0.7 tissue veins with scattered, mostly acicular hairs
mm,
0.1 adaxially the blades similarly hairy but hairs less dense along costae
mm,
and veins and with longer acicular hairs 0.8-1 rachises with dense
furcate or stellate hairs; sori supramedial, with whitish, persistent, round-
reniform, marginally setose indusia, hairs mostly acicular, a few furcate, also
with few on
a hairs indusial surface; sporangia glabrous.
—
MEXICO.
Paratypes. Veracruz: Mpio. San Andres Tuxtla, ejido 1° de Mayo,
May
faldas del volcan San Martin Tuxtla, 920 m, 18°33'N, 95°13' W, 2005,
2
&
Kromer Acebey 2063 (MEXU, UC); Morelos, volcan San
ejido faldas del
May
Martin Tuxtla, camino hacia cruz, 1000 m, 18°33'N, 95°12'W, 4 2005,
la
&
Kromer Acebey 2113 (MEXU, UC); volcan San Martin
faldas del Tuxtla,
arriba de cruz, 1010 m, 18°33'N, 95 12' W, May 2005, Kromer, Acebey &
la 5
(MEXU,
Velasco Sinaca 2135 UC); ejido Emiliano Zapata, terraceria del ejido
Ruiz Cortmez hacia El Diamante, faldas del volcan San Martin Tuxtla, 1100 m,
&
18 33'N, 95°09'W, 23 2005, Kromer, Acebey Perez Pena 2320 (MEXU,
Jul
UC, XAL).
Thelypteris tuxtlensis appears most closely related hatchii A. Sm.,
to T. R.
known
from southern Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and The
Costa
Rica.
VOLUMK
AMERICAN FFRN JOURNAL: NUMBtiR
07 (2007)
i;m H
l
mm
i
5 cm.
mm.
0. 2
.
c
^^^^^fi
^Mtes
a 4
-
G
D
E
^
^
*-<
showin
Fig. Thelypteris tuxtlensis. A. Pinna, third From base of blade. B. Detail of abaxial surface, (J
1. 5
venation (anastomosing veins below sinuses), sori, and indument. C. Detail of abaxial surface, showing
venation (veins connivent near the sinus), sori, and indument. D. Costa, detail showing stellate and
and showing
furcate hairs. E. Simple, stellate, furcate hairs, abaxial surface of costa. F. Detail of sori, h
indusial hairs (simple and a few furcate) and indument between veins, of simple hairs and a lew
&
pustules. G. Laminar pustules, some; with reduced hairs from Kromer Acebey 2063, V\C).
(all
KROMER NEW
ET A FROM
THELYPTERIS MEXICO
AL.: SPECIES
139
latter species differs in having smaller indusia and appressed,
sessile, stellate
on
hairs both sides of the laminae between the veins (such
hairs lacking
between
the veins Another
in tuxtlensis). similar species
T. biolleyi
is T.
which
(Christ) Proctor, bears sessile, stellate hairs on the laminae between
veins (both sides of blade), as well as erect, anchor-shaped hairs on the costae
and The
costules abaxially. persistent indusia in T. tuxtlensis are larger than in
any
other species of subg. Goniopteris Mexico except paucipinnata
in
T.
(Donn. Sm. & Reed) and
C. F. T. schaffneri (Fee) C. F. Reed, both relatively
narrow endemics and Mexico
in eastern southern
(the distribution of
T.
paucipinnata extends Guatemala and From
into
Belize).
T. schaffneri, T.
tuxtlensis differs in having sessile or short-stalked pinnae, 12-16 pinna
lateral
3-7
pairs (vs. pairs), fewer pairs of veins per segment (8-13 15-18
vs. pairs),
and
a less distinct terminal pinna, abaxially in having abundant furcate or
on and
stellate hairs costae, costules, veins (hairs mostly acicular
in
T.
From
iffneri).
mor
(virtually glabrous in T. paucipinnata), the non-verrucose blades, the
mar
helyptens endemic
tuxtlensis to the biogeographic region of Los Tuxtlas,
1 is
common
in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. This species
locally
is a terrestrial
herb in the shady understory of the lower montane forest of the San Martin
Tuxtla volcano between 920-1360 m, where co-occurs with other such
ferns,
it
Asplenium
auriculatum cuspidatum
as Sw., A. Lam., Dennstaedtia bipinnata
(Cav.) Maxon, and Pteris orizabae M. Martens &
Galeotti. In this area, the forest
general mostly undisturbed and somewhat
in is protected as part of the core
zone we
of the "Reserva de la Biosfera Los Tuxtlas"; thus, believe that the
populations of T. tuxtlensis do not suffer severe anthropogenic pressures.
However, new
the additional discovery of three fern records [Hymenophyllum
lanatum
Fee, Selaginella guatemalensis Baker, and Trichomanes ovale
(E.
Fourn.) Wess. Boer) for the state of Veracruz at the same general locality
more
transformati
and
plantations.
A( IKNOWLEDGMENTS
The drawing was prepared by Harulo Fukuda. This study was supported by
a postdoctoral grant
for T. Kromer from the Universidad National Autonoma do Mexico.
Literature Cited
and The Mem. New
Mk;ki:i,, T. A. R. Smith. 2004. pteridophytes of Mexico. York Bot. Card.
J.
88:1-1054.
Smith, A. R. 1990. Thelypteridaoeae. Pp. 263-272 in K. Kubitzki, ed. The families and genera
of
vascular plants. Vol Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Kramer and
K. U. Green,
7. P. S. vol.
eds. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.