Also by Adrian Greaves Flight of Colour, Debinair, 2000 Isandlwana, Cassell, 2001 A Review of the South Africa Campaign, Debinair, 2001 Curling Letters of the Zulu War, (co-author with Brian Best), Pen & Sword, 2001 Rorke’s Drift, Cassell, 2002 David Rattray Guide to the Battlefields of Zululand, (co-author with David Rattray, and editor), Pen & Sword, 2003 Redcoats & Zulus, Pen & Sword, 2004 Crossing the Buffalo, Cassell, 2005 Who’s Who of the Anglo-Zulu War, 2 Volumes, (co-author with Ian Knight), Pen & Sword, 2007 Lawrence of Arabia – Mirage of a Desert War, Cassell, 2011 Isandlwana – How the Zulus Humbled the British Empire, Pen & Sword, 2011 Forgotten Battles of the Zulu War, Pen & Sword, 2012 Copyright © 2013 by Adrian Greaves and Xolani Mkhize FIRST NORTH AMERICAN EDITION 2014 FIRST SKYHORSE PUBLISHING EDITION 2014 All rights to any and all materials in copyright owned by the publisher are strictly reserved by the publisher. First published in Great Britain in 2013 by Pen & Sword Military, an imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without the express written consent of the publisher, except in the case of brief excerpts in critical reviews or articles. All inquiries should be addressed to Skyhorse Publishing, 307 West 36th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018. Skyhorse Publishing books may be purchased in bulk at special discounts for sales promotion, corporate gifts, fund-raising, or educational purposes. Special editions can also be created to specifications. For details, contact the Special Sales Department, Skyhorse Publishing, 307 West 36th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or [email protected]. Skyhorse® and Skyhorse Publishing® are registered trademarks of Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.®, a Delaware corporation. Visit our website at www.skyhorsepublishing.com. Typeset in Palatino Light by CHIC GRAPHICS 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available on file. Jacket design by Jon Wilkinson Print ISBN: 978-1-62914-513-6 Ebook ISBN: 978-1-63220201-7 Printed in the United States of America Contents Acknowledgements Maps Foreword Zulu Names Timeline of Events Significant to the Zulu People Glossary of Terms Introduction Chapter 1 The Emergence of the Zulus Chapter 2 Shaka and the Second Mfecane Chapter 3 Zulu Rituals and Customs Chapter 4 White Expansionism in South Africa and the Eight Frontier Wars Chapter 5 Passing the Crown: From Kings Shaka, Dingane and Mpande to King Cetshwayo Chapter 6 The Emergence of King Cetshwayo Chapter 7 Defending their Nation Chapter 8 Isandlwana Chapter 9 To Rorke’s Drift Chapter 10 Nyezane and Gingindlovu Chapter 11 Ntombe, Hlobane and Khambula Chapter 12 The Zulu Defence of Ulundi, and the Prince Imperial Louis Napoleon Chapter 13 The Battle of kwaNodwengu-Ulundi, 4 July 1879 Chapter 14 Beginning of the End Chapter 15 Closure of the Zulu War Chapter 16 Long Live the King Photo Insert Appendices A. The Mfecane B. Boer Account: Blood River C. Chelmsford’s Orders to the Five Invasion Columns D. The Ultimatum E. King Cetshwayo in London Notes Bibliography Index Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge a number of people who have rendered valuable assistance to me in the preparation of this book. I owe a huge debt to my wife Debbie for her unfailing patience and assistance while I was conducting the necessary research and putting the book together. Our lovely house was strewn with papers, photographs and maps, and whilst I always claimed to know where everything was, she didn’t, and the temptation to tidy up was almost too much. I will always thank Consultant Surgeon Cliff Stossell and his wife Katie, his operating theatre sister, for saving my life in 1986 following a road traffic accident, and for their care and skill during the many operations that followed over the years. It was my greatest pleasure, eventually, to accompany them around the stunning battlefields of Zululand and introduce them to my many South African and Zulu friends. I especially thank all my long-standing Zulu friends at Rorke’s Drift, especially Xolani Mkhize and the Reverend Wilfred Mbatha, who showed me some of the secret places of Zululand and who sought out and provided me with local material and interpretations of Zulu folklore that would have been impossible for me to access without their support. Xolani volunteered to be my co-author and he provided the interpretations of Zulu folklore. He was always a delight to work with. Ian Knight was, as ever, hugely supportive and his willingness to comment, especially on the later Zulu kings, was always appreciated. Dr David Payne generously volunteered the impressive volumes of Charlie Harford’s papers, which enabled me to fill many gaps in my research. I have relied on some material previously unseen by researchers and while this is referenced, any interpretation is mine and mine alone. This is my final book, due to anno domini, and I have used my twenty-five years of walking the battlefields of Zululand to try to understand and explain the Anglo-Zulu War, its participants and their descendents. I have been privileged to accompany some remarkable people while exploring these fascinating and desolate battlefields. They include, in no particular order, Xolani Mkhize and Reverend Wilfred Mbatha of Rorke’s Drift, Chelmsford Ntanze from Isandlwana, David Rattray, Dave Charles, Ian Knight, Ian Castle, Dr David Payne, George Chadwick, Paddy Ashdown MP, Prof John Laband, Ray Heron, Isobel Swan, Ron Lock – and all the guests from Holt’s Battlefield Tours who, over many years, so politely listened to me at all those haunting battlefield sites. I am also eternally grateful to David and Nicky Rattray for their generosity in accommodating me at their magnificent Fugitives’ Drift Lodge during my numerous visits to Zululand. I first met David at Rorke’s Drift nearly twenty-four years ago while I was accompanying some tourists to the graves of British soldiers. David was supervising the groundwork of his proposed lodge and innocently asked me, ‘Do you think people will pay to come here?’ The following year I took the first tourist coach the 20 miles along a bumpy dirt road to the new lodge for Holt’s Battlefield Tours; other tourists, regal and otherwise, soon followed. While staying at the lodge, I was privileged to experience numerous ‘walkabouts’ with David to explore some of his special locations and talk over the finer points of Zululand’s rich history. David’s savage murder was an inconsolable loss to his family and friends and I am grateful to Nicky for enabling my association with her lodge to continue. Hala gachle!
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