The Zagwe period re-interpreted: post-Aksumite Ethiopian urban culture PDF
Preview The Zagwe period re-interpreted: post-Aksumite Ethiopian urban culture
The Zagwe period re-interpreted: post-Aksumite Ethiopian urban culture h seatgseeNkeT noitcudortnI syirutn ehctneetx iyslr aee hltit nmuus k fAeonilc eed hmto rafipoih t fEyorots iehhT e h ftnooitapuc cboa reA hhtt iswnig edboir etpsr ief h.Tsdoir eeper hott ndiediv iydlnommoc silu d fAtor oeptimuskA c. nyitsan yeDwg aeZ h fttonemhsilbat see hhtt iswd nde n Da0A 46 htf l eeefl whod ,ttdensihiemtcr ur oe gshonttiodro c,ycrraout nh et decnefnhehoettt s a,waipoih tnErehtr o nnmius kyAt ilcatip aec hrtet fnawo n,kmodgn iektimus keA h.Tyrutnec .dt lItrn oesw iefe ctohlna tuatd f sesre z aenfiewoonhogtp ortc ehef s wgrotteoiaihpeth e hhtt iswnoital ecritamolp idd amhus k.Arevl ids nraepp o,cdl o fgyocnerr unc wso tdienioc .a edS eeR hstsor csanoitidep xneoitazinol odc nyaratil iemkatred ndulu odc nearip mnEamoR rie hd tashgn iekwg ae Zh.Trepo ryptsan yeDwg ae Zhfytorots ie hhsdtioir edpnoc eeshT reht reu rfsegw neiwk g ea.hZmTu stfksoAaeht u0mto0kus2 o,baaff „ltdaaAtipac d ncainh teem aes h otgtnol etb odn iyde htta h ntsign iektimus keA hmto rdfehsiugnitsid naipoih t nEdiebircs e,derofere h,ter eswgn iekse h.Tsetimus keA h stpauo rcgitsiugnil s)aytsan yeDwg aeZh ty(tsan yrdie hd tnsarepru sssuatnemuc oldacirots ilhanoitidart .etamitigelli e h ftdooir eep h stnawo nyklnomm o sctia hhwt iswnig edboir edpri hethT ‘ Restored ytsany DcinomoloS ’e hmto rsfrovivr uw se,fht ydmepolev eld l oegatwnidroc c.A07 2.1e .,i d a,hhtid u fJeom aen h ytnbwo nykllac o,lnee uhqsiw e rJnoag aep h ftgonisir ptuneloiv ewg ae Zhetgnella hodcteunitn oyce hhtci hmwo rsfarah me A hfytortnu oe c hodttetargim s retec s pu;r,rr0u1uB9h6s(7k9u1n1 a.Pp ;1 6ur.i)a7B891 esfheotirut neeec rthst r ei dhfdntoai reetpimu slkaAciss a eltohcsttart nnoIc ‘ Restored ytsany DcinomoloS ’e hrtet fyarots inhaipoih t.Edeidu ttssa ee lhr t aysdfbioir eepwg ae Zh,t emo sy bdeifitned inee bnev esa hytsany Dcinomolo Seh tf oesi reh tlitn udn amusk Af ollaf e h stsanairotsih ‘ s ekgrAaD ’e hfntow onti ae mh,talebil atsLaehcru hncweh-kc oe rh.T syalfei rdbenoitn eem r,adegdelwonk cyalgnigdu r sghici h fwrouedna reg hdt nsagn iekwgaZ .seli xneaitsir h)Cnair y rSnoaitpyg En(gier o yfdbetcurtsn osctnemunom d nnaoitcudorp eer h ntyia l npnie eebv a ohrtaep psadnar tlsacigoloe dtinereff iodwT tluas slaacigoloe dtisr ief h.Tgniti rlwacirots iyhrotanimircs iydltsefin ahmc u fsnooitauteprep iarg idT naarahm As(relcinor hrcie hdt nsarel ucrinomol oeS hmto rdfetanigi ryolniatrec thg irlet t nseaiebvlesme httnese rosptelcinor hncetti rfcwoirote he rhdterevocs io dh)wsknom eso h,winiss oiRtn oydCbetneserp etra hs tadwnar tlsacigoloe ddinoc ee sh.Tsewg ae Zhntaht ngier oef hetsisahp mde nsaser t osettatis eth odn iydrutn esci h ftsoedac eydlr aee h ntginitirw .noitazilivi cnaipoiht Ef onoisnemi dyrev eylrae nn istnirptoo f)naitpyg E,nairy S,naibar Ahtuos( iniss oiRtn osCaerehW nee beva haci’rf An iynolo ccitime Seh ts amusk An oswei vs stnemeveih claarutcetihc rraie hdt neawg aeZ h ntsotnemeta tesvisic nti uwb eef h,tdegnellahc ;82 9i1niss oiRtno Cs(nairots ighno mtasa et,lasecru oesvitatiroht useaacr orfie hntiat elrlits t a;r 2mu7a.r9T)h11a9B91 s ashnairots ie h hfstoa idbehcnert ne ehd tnhacraes elracigoloeahc rfhaotra eedhT d nsanairots ith r yatb udoeirr asceidu ttsnellec xee h fteom o ystbesf fnoe eybletanutrof g n ftoaollu s eear re,weug rsanairots it hr,asehcru hkcc oarlebil ae Lh.Tstcetihc rganicitcarp yldr anhe esb atha hdtoir e,ap)yrutn erace vtosa etl ay(tiliba tlsaic ods nlaacitil o fpdooirep yrtn u eodnhceitssaprus ’ dellac- oes hetcn iysrots ish ‘ restoration ’n iytsany Dcinomolo Seh tf o r e;n. yt9o)hrs6t0 tur9x7ente1u9h enGB1teee(ttcarliht e hnhtocraes elracigoloeahc rr aodfe ee nhetsisahp m osertiep aspi hfetosopr unpi aemhT nefohoittcurts negohnctidec esrepirut n ode,enwnhlcotatar e dnnoeiig reetpimuskA-tsop r aos fsa,hsrel uerwg ae Zhfntooig eerr oe ch,tats a.Lralucitr anapilebil atsLaehcru hkccor et hatthntemu gedrhra ta ew ssrtoiooutp fprdunpo ce.ehdsTep pyalmlacigoloeah cn retaeobn lacitil ofdpooir egp n fotaollu s eearr eswrel uerwg ae Z hfstotnemeveih claarutcetihcra detim iylr e favhoguo h.Tegatir eehtimus keA h ftnooisserp xeerut a samlal e swyatilibats hc udsrawr ot f uotptneiciff ussselehten osenicnedi vlearutcetihc rd anlaacirots ie hh,terutan feonil c sneaae deeossbtde ednoir e0p721-ts oe phtta hsteug rraep aspi h,tyllan i.Ftnemugra .yteic onsaipoih tfeEocnegru s sneaaar hrteht aerrutl uncab rd unmasinabru secruoS citamo lepsiedug ul tafde rvoohpo i ituPoererthrtetaipmuskA -n tofesiohottpcurtsnoceR w e.Fsecru ocsitp odC ncaiba r,Anaipoih t nEdoes ayblegr a sl0i2 5 n1aiipoih t oEntoissim secru onsaipoih te Eh.Teca lnpek as tanhoitavac xeeltt iylr estvasi xseecru olsacigoloeahcra ees hrettans ore.ihs fTd enofriwoakt lay,osRelcinorhC dehca tsttas e si rk rnonypeobtmt irw ehh ttli awyelde r ta,urgb n eiefhk fot eighlnti rnuedtt ier rwme ewtfh sot.otMr u eoohctt gn ie khfdtooir eepritne ’ l sslsateacwe prsaaluci t erntaoaprtne c dn onoyt ece.the Tlsur yllaicep s,estni a fssoev iel h ftsotsisn oscecru o fseop ydtnoc ees h.Tngi eer h ftsora ecyificeps d nnaoisnap xee hhtt idwetaicos syaleso lecr eow hsweiranoiss inmaipoih teE hfto htneetx iyslr aleit nyurutn ehctneetru oef h ftgoninnig eeb hmto rhfcru heC h ftnooitadilosnoc century. In contrast to the sel clianyoorRhC se i ,h epn raeeertswgteoih irtpgwuah otowt ndietseret nyillanigr ayml neo rda nhat ilwa eyde httcejb ues h fthota eed hrtet fsaeirutnec .or eyhltni aes h ftsotnemhsilpmoc claautiri pes h fteodist usorettam ots ihhguohtlA e h,trevew o, h st,iisecru olsacihpargoig ae h hfet oseud aemv ashnair Royal selcinorhC naipoih tfeEonilt ue o hfntooitcurtsnoc ee rhr todfe syulni anme eebv atha ht eli arHorep meet ael h fteosim eed hltit nyurutn ehctneetru oyflr aee hmto r.Fyrots ilhacitilop e h.T)76 9t1sruhkna Ps(elcinor hlCay oyRtne wnta hetr otmsi xeere h,teisalleS Royal selcinorhC esfhnotois rdeevi p eo,rcsase cdceania teb vosarhalo hncasepo rhucE i,ohtw feoul aev hhtguoht l.Asecru olsacirots i sheaul arvie h o tstnaoitse ueq hgtnisi asru hstlanigiro hcae laeylocRinorhC ta hetveil e obstnosa egrnor tes reare h,tdehsilbat syellaudivid n e iobst ah .lanigi reo hmto rdfeip oycllufhti aef rsatnemuc oldacirots ihhcus yefdh o ut ertehosctfnatro ptmsi o nm f etsoteu aabthhntemu ceondO dent aantasipoihtE e hsytirutn ehctneetru oyflr ae ehgtnir uydteicos elcinorhC fo rorepmE admAnoisT del ur( 1312 – froeb m yedabmeroht ud an9a2 3nn1ietti rs waewlcinor he ch.T)56 9d1rofgnitn u;H24 ror e dpfomoi Ere.ehspTt n eeeos vhtoy etlrsohceahcvwwr uehhCt ’e hdt nnaoy eaSdmA - lhaal llAd anF byIlem a,nsecru obsa ryAraropmetn o ycdbemrifn oec r9a2 3 f1sotneve ’ ,iramO whose book Masalik al absar fi Mamaliki al Amsar 92dn44ne33ae11 wnteet b tsiarww e hetrofere hdtn ae(cnetsi x neyip oncaipoih ttEseilr aee h.T)22 9e1senybmomeD-yerfduaG( drofgnitn urH osfisab nr u nt siyip oyc’rutnec-htneetenin-d ismi h.T15 8m1o r sf)inoitalsna rst e hd tnealcinor he chfntooisr e1v5 8e 1hnteewt enbosirap m .oAycp o5 c8 nd7aoe1sab 02 6 n1zie aoPrd eyPranoiss iemseugutr oeP h ytebd aemlcinor hecm aes h ftyorammus fnooisr edvettimsna rytllufhti aeafgr adl n yasb aywp o1c5 8e1 htta hdtrofgnitn udHecnivnoc .lanigi reoht e hfttoa hsntioitalsna rltufhti afnfooitid a frtaotropp unesicnedi vreehtruF Book of Enoch e hnteewt eebmitem oesgaugn aclipoih te Ehott nkiee re Ghmto rdfetalsna rttsr is fahwcihw relleva rhtsitto ceS h ytdberevocs isd atwpircsun asmi h.T DsAeirutn ehctnev eds nhatxis 07 7e1t ael h ntdirann i fKeocu rsBemaJ ’draw drEossefo ryhPbsilg noEt ndietalsna rd tnsa cipoih toEt ndietalsna rttsr is fakwo oe bhtta hetm ie thnteewt e.B)87 9f1frodnell Uf(frodnellU nez ofadl athsa e tldaeip once eebv athhg i tm,iyrutn ehctneethg ieet ael h ntyirevocs isd tdina ylk ce iteuitquaqro idr ee odt,tnetedntem hn cednrto oatohpigg ru,woshttpircs u.nsaeMmit .noitcet o rrsoprfed lroefht a eenoslatu gsenbaipoi h etlhEit tentuam igolntciwo lacirots i fhsokr obwa r fAroebm ueanv a ehsweirutn ehctneetx ies hltit nhutn ien hmtorF bar Aeh tf oeno nelih W.ytilibaile rf oseerge dgniyra vylemertx ehti weruta nlacihpargoe gdna ,idus a lMdA niabuq a lYyAlbat o,nme h fteom o,saipoih tdEetis ievv a ohrtaep psaretirw odte snue eebv ashecru obsa r.Anoitamrof n fisoecru oeslbail eyrlhg idh aehv a ohrtaeppa .hcr unhaCipoi h estfhrEote b nm o esweytdhuombetdd nyagholono r ehehcttaroborroc citp oe Chfstohcrairt ae Phfstoeihpargo ie bhfytolirami rtpsisn oscecru ocsitp oeChT e hfrtoetra udqnoc ee shnmtius koyAttinaitsir hfnCooitcudort ne ihetcn irse v.EhcruhC .hcru hcCitp oe Chfetoreh plsautiri pe shrted nnue ed bahhcru hnCaipoih te Eh,tyrutn ehctruof e hdtetae reccnednep esdi h.Ttpy gmEo refm oscyaw ls aahhcru hnCaipoih te E hfdtoa eehhT etahcrair tcaiPt p eo,hCttp yngeEew tsenboita lgenrignar-e dtfinowempole v e erhddotnfuorg ev at huebrut alnare n fyeaolgetanutrof ne ursaecru ocsitp oe Ch.Taipoih td Enoari anCi delipm oecr ehwci h fwtos o,msecru onsaipoih teE h otyttilibide rgcnidn e nlliufe sduevorp .yr uhttnn eerce etetrhfutaof laciro t esocitnhav e slfneoorits ee um:qoe sw e gefse.ahoihIZtrT ygoloeahcra uytKbnemecalp es rtd inmaus kftAonemnodnabA ’ bar nreht reo ohtm ntna dilfasoe Iredt phns nstaaadefooeehoicSRttapu cb caeorhAT feonilc eed h ntsirotc anfi aem h stdaeredisn oecr eewrip meetimus keA h ftsoeiradnuob ostraep praotc abfa reA h,tsisehtop y n hsa.Ayt ilcatip asaecasim eldautne vse tdi nmauskA fsotr oep hdt n,asdnal skialh aeD h.Tla etdae rnagialp xte osne o tdti u,belbisua lypr eevb er eywe htt u,bnoigil etrnereff idad aehv athhg ismba reA h.Tmus k oAnte peor emwikauS e hd tnmaal sfdIoaer pe shtta hdteug redablu othciguoht l.Aeda rndtietseret nyillauqe nreht rmo onsrefb iar j teeeyhtBb taettsimu s eskfheAotirotir rnerteht r enofhonotitapucco sortae pnpoaitatnemu ghr c arueoscfned i ev,heetd adrettpur sei vdtahh g)i1m 7l9u1 anPa(duS ,erofere h,td nlaufeca eyplegr anle eebv a ohstraep pnaoisnap xaej eeB h.Tgnikc aylltae regb .musk Af oenilce deh tgninialpx en irotca ftnacifingi sanee beva hto nyam mus kfeAonilc ee dhtta hntoitaterpret neihT ydbesu ascaw ‘eul aev h nteigna hncedd uesht naenar rfe ote n ih der hdtt edeateseRateiMahrsSwottaCe ’ (Tamrat 1972, p. 45), rather than e hrt onfoitanalp x neganidivo r npyi agwn osale o,gsba reA h ftsoeitivit cnaaitsirhC-it nyab ydbrawr otf unpe eobs lsa awhe irvalim i.Asseta tlsacitil o fpyonits eed h nteoda r fteolor .) 3 .9,p78 9h1anno Cs(noitaziliv incacir f nAkoo oeblbada eyrlemert xse i nhhiann omCaharG ev adheed ntihg immus k fAeonilc eed hrt oefsu alcaicu rec htta hdted d eadbluo h ts,irevewoH er odam n,aslairet awm aerlbaul a fvyotimixo rep h ntriew olpanoig e fareocnegre mee hnteeb sraep pyativa rlgacitil ofeportn ee chfttofi he sh.Taly aftZor oe pha titvelt utorop xeeruces d e sytr d eeba e e efhc vo s e oreeotreitnoemowtohnuhtelvotaftotoecacresmbhreht .yro vdi n,adl o,gseva l sshac u,seda retcnatsid-gn o fleocnetsi xre olfaitnes sselairetam secru onsaipoih tdE ncaitp o:Chtid unJeeuQ . htn ient ae lhmto ryfl nloatip ae cheodtbtesa e,csecru onsaipoih te Ehogttnidroc c,amuskA htid unJee u,Qnag ar,pohsiw ee Jhydtbeyorts es daywt ie chetrof esbedac ew ,deayfrutnec ( tidoY neewt e,bselcinor hncaipoih t oEgtnidroc c,adets ahltid u fJnogi eer h.T)angnirg i nTi secru obsa re Ahfttonuoc ctasr ie fhhtt ilwl eewti uyqll aosttraep psai h. TD0 A9d 8n0a58 27 8i(buq' a lY.Amus knAa hrteh tloatip anacoitn ehmcihw –8 noi t entonest om r esi)haf1tw9 aK ’ ,rab rouK ’.) 6.,9p19 9y1aH-ornu Mi(hsaj ae Nhfmtoodgn ie khfltoatip ae chs,tarab detagujb uo shhwtid unJee ufeQos albanoig ee rhttuo bealtt iylr ewvo ne,kwyletanutrofnU gniliave re ph.Tyrutn ehctn ie nhfrtoetra udqri he thstdraw omtus kdAeyorts eddna ,dneo u ng. oer)tsseaaIalbihap oh itfh uottoE os mm(hsoatarD iwfn tdosauiihJttaterpretni )sw enJaipoiht Ea(hsal ee Fhfntoee ue qhs tahwtid utJa h,tsnoitida rlta rnoaipoih tfsEois aebht .) 2.,3p27 9e1issalleS-elba Hr(idemag ed Bnmaaj oyGad-tnese rdpellortn oochw dyebtrop prues t dainlnais siot R ndyoebCsop otrsp rniofitaterpre t egnohnittidroccA hci hqwy aeHk adLnuo rnaoig ee rhmtr odfetanigi ryolbabo rhptid unJee u,Qtarm aeTsseddaT aly a sZyil nto o.N)82 9i1niss oiRtno Ce(lpo eapmad ieS h ytdbetibah nsi adwoir espi hytb et astescr uyorsaropmet n,oo cs, lt,auhbti dn ue nJefouoi Qgaem ra rdeoeihts Stohlccum tr oe phhtguor hntem ensYieta te shhtt iswtcatn od caahipoih tfrEoel uerlam ee fhtta hytlraelc .alya Zfo ffol adhnoc ees hgtnir undee ufaeqocnetsi xee hntoitn etmsr isfecru obsa rdA ncaitp oeChT fgon iek h ftfolah e nbgon inkaib ueN hmto rrfett eoanltoitcenn o ncyirutn ehctn eetht gningi eer hwterhtre vtoa hntee ulqufrew ofaepocnetsi xee hstaere h.W)aipoiht Ea(inissybA ed isawniam eerre h,tsecru onsaipoih tdE ncaitp oeC h ythbt odbemrifn o scaiipoih t fEgonik fyogolonor he chr toefcru onsi ae mhnte es bahhci htwx ee th.Tygolonor h oscytacnapercsid t xdeetsn e s oedoret mntabaoec p,psaeirut nhetc n dehntta n eighnnti ryurdot sniahipoihtE ee tlooituhqwh t,reorwof e. rrt,eeIshiit lyr r atude s tetaanraeerl cu tcsactho nt hegtvnieiwlaed emh otergfas searpi tenhet yros thfscoir HaeihrttaP ssasenlufe ssu t fimoelbo rep hytfira l oct .yrots inhaipoih tfyEogolonor he c hfttonemniatrec se ahr totfsop-ng ieslbail ear fgon iek h otrtett etaln easinissy b fAgon iek h,t]3001-0 7,9suetolih Ps[y asd inhI d r eo whL motnoihwth oen dk da,nmeagr o seeaG mweasn ohh tw, uaaoiybuN fnoe e ,uanqa m toaaw hs t at.wIdn as l ifshotnatibah ne ihd t ne,ahdenetsa hdcah ko oet h.Syrtnu osc ithsnia gda nma ithsnia gdaetlov edr ahhayiwmaH- lnainaB d nsaehcru hdceyorts edd nsaeit iycn admenr udb nealpo eypn a tmmio refvitpac noitubirt esar amw ilhlef ehbci htwa h.Teca l opetca lmpo r]fgn iekh tm[ iehvord sy ae dhnntiatiloport ee mhoettn od dam hiehrof e]bsa wo [hgwn ie khtta hrwof 22 9,[sams oaCb brAeht ae fhfto – s ihhguor hrteilr adeenialp xeev a eh sw]a53 naib ueN h,tegroe Gm[ i ohdti a]sgn inkaipoih teEh t e[.Hdua rsf idh nnaoitacifislaf :m i ohttn e eshhci hrwett eel h nt]ignik ‘ek ae shr to,feugit ae fhnehtimt iewkatr ad pnepaml ethsdluo huso htta hetris eId et aitrswdlu ou hot shad,thnht at yie ft a heo i eF ft k enrhdodafhuotnosotfaG ]e t v osgphlmt u eycoinobgrshitEab[ia r,re tr ehtnae ytt roPhohteatttehpaltf dmsn ouaervfo m ye dartom aG ,h rstyou af dorsntpda n raeulvolo sdobntaa y]ahmcrair tea hPtet ah[toshntut a yr dag,nmlaa isr ityhrttn u romucoorf t ,daeysnhharatm em h ofrt, touanssesofaaahutwtcil oer ptosoafu rratceemsnoc ,ee hostti hdtenoitn ee mv . aIsmhuo rhfta rs wiehvom ey rad motGa h, tsr uoyfarp r o, fsguno measa ed cn y asaasw anpoigil enraitsir he Chtts erla er fo,frehto rOb , sn doornituatoln e dt etit]dvoaaenanpnah o etnersvaohhhas[ttchrai r,xtoialsp r dusnopaoh s r idu,bnodareh pt euahosh tdiewnodn a eb]rasad nea hlyt e[thutb s alhai rsti htta hdtenra eelv aed hwn,adeni ue rrsaehcru he chd tn,ada ee drsatseirp edtoe hia twrtdhnowrfu ttnenireme g nds tsou unsap jawuueojmdoc .natiloportem ’ rie hfdtoenra ed laed hhn,aaib ufgNon ie kh,tegro edGehca errett ee lhntehW d,nsauetol ihhcPrai r steorahtePtgnes sdsenrmaet tt t ,ersnneslaioehtphsnetnoc ,mi ho tdenoitne mda hainissyb Af ogni keh ttah tll ameh tn imi ho tdenialpx eeh d ndaedec c]asuetolih P e[.Helpo esp i nhnooissapm oecv a ohmt idhegg e ebdhna .suiurac aaMb bfyAoretsan oe Mhmto rk fn moae mhr todfetarcesn oech suriwaS (,8491 .pp71 1– 2) e hmto rrfae ll c ltta a ostniI yros thfscoir HaeihrttaP o hgwn inkaipoih te Ehs tattwia ht tl egfn inkaipoih te Ehy thnwosa ee rh.Tnee ue qhfttolov ee rhttuo beatahcrairt ae Phdtemrofni e hnteewt eebtups ie d hfetosuac es bagwn inkaib ue N hfntooitaid ee mhk t sodategilbo hcrairt a fPao ree hgtnir undag ehbci hgwn inkaipoih teE hdt naairdnaxe l nAeitahcrairtaP 2 2s9a(msoC – natilopor tneamitp y egyfhErotaropmet n so oac,hwgw nniakipoi h et.hE)T53 naipoi h etdfhE aot eetshhpat ymg oEkr nfdoemtarcesno cpnn eaudoeetkdi c de,adshamsoC .noitacinummoc xydebednops eertahcrairt ae Phhtci hohwtcruhC nreosIahsaft yrotsiH fo eht shcrairtaP foairednaxelA e htta hntra ee,lwdeil eenr bac hcrairt aeP hnte hewvi lsa a ewehcn iesf igln oylr edav aehv a ohrtaep ppaohs idbetarcesnocnu 9 7s9u(etolihP – t anhitat roee sbc nl.eaa)Wc 1,.28p1 4s9u1riw apSi(hsred adeelmu s)s3a001 o hgwn igkningi etar u,bnoitaid enmaib udNetseuq eor hewli x negin inkaipoih t nEta osn atwi .reilr ayerutn efacl ayhlra ennag etba httcilfn oeacltt e osdtetnaw yros thfscoir HaeihrttaP ev athhg irmoht ue ahd tnsauriw ay2Sb9 6nn1iw ondetti rs waw . steIsci re hurfco uousg e t sn,hta e istunevoy webwanafochwo nrnkueo tss tsoi etrdcwacha e htta hytlek itlsom yros thfscoir HaeihrttaP .se c n rldehd uant tesoratnosasoiobawrbw ehT t xdee ttesovruoaqbeap ponatia t e:notsowatctrn aeepvheet sesir fo eh tneeu qdnaeht noitamrof nei h.Tetahcrairt aeP hdt naaipoih tnEeewt etbcilfn oscuoir efansooitulos elranif n s n ee teeosfeuehdiohoutrtbqa ’ t.Iyro te shfetovit onmi ae mhhtt il wltt aai,frevew o,ht e hfetol olrautiri pe s hotttcef fd e donatoitamrof ne i hnwtier hrtelcinor he c h fstsiaraeppa .aipoi henttiEahcrairtaP airots ibha reAhT 0 7e9 h nteivit c,alaqwaH-n bnI ’ s, wrote: ‘yna mro f,ainissyb Asdrage rsa yrtnu on cwr oeehtanim ooy dtasdi hostteunitn od cn. a.r.el us rtsniaa m d oaas whatshiraey .inad aeh h ftdon ael h ftsonoig egrniruobhgi een hdtna ’.) 2.,5p25 9m1ahgnimi rndTietou q( e hd tnsaecru onsaipoih tlEanoitida rnteewt esbtsi xtea hytcnapercs ildacigolonor hecd iewhT nn w enoeti dhtttinruwocca yros thfscoir HaeihrttaP er otma hntoini pe ohoetts inrev is gah .,p56 9d1rofgnitnu Hm(us kflAol ae fhrtet fyartnu oe chrte vdoel uerv ay hanmee ue qnnoaht 6). t u,bnwonk nnuiam eyrlbabo rtps odmlu ohwtid unJee u fQnogi eer h ftgonit aedsice rephT ecru ossuorog ierr oydmbeworr aednbeed ndilu oyccnapercs ildacigolonor hecd iewht ydbel usr aawipoih t fEmoodgn inkaitsir heC htta hmtrifn oscecru ocsitp odC nbaa r.Amsicitirc yllautr i s vti,irevew o,helbalia vea rtaa hstnoitalsna ret hmto r.Fnee uhqsiw e rJnoag aap ev adhlu olcakw anH bdI neatahcrairt aeP hhtt o.Bygolonor heclbail edarli u obetlbissopmi aipoih t nEsitne v fenor uetlbarom eem h otgtnirref enreeb – ev athhg iyme htta httnatrop mois .ne e euhfhqtot a eerhdet tyfrau tf n laenac aheh rtno emevse ntentes e erdnhpeitdro cneereb ehT yrotsiH fo eht shcrairtaP foairednaxelA tr oos rpti sephr hut aodtsntetnricpeuaplffa .noitaterpretni uK ’ bar – htid unJee uQ ’ s?latipac ,la 1AY d9 2n8n7ae8ewteB ’,aipoi hetbEirc ssoertdehparg obe agtrsAeil r ea efhe,notiobuq udKell ancw oltati p da aacihhsaj ae N hfmtoodgn ie khtta hettorw ’mahgnimi r nTdietou qr(ab ,25 9. 1p.)1 5lAaY ’ se tyal cteocs l eueyer athhrscitoreu rcabqtoo ertwsp ot'pepsiabeubrrutq .ainissyb An oderedro bhcih wmodgni knaitsirh Cnaibu Neh tdn asmodgni kaje Beht a Yl Af oytilibail e erh tf oecnatpeccA ’hguoht l.Asrehcraes elrarev e ysdbera h ssiibuq ,htid unJee uynQboitcurts es dtriet fdaenodna bs aamwus ktAa hntoitn esmecru onsaipoihtE o hrwoht uraehto n.Amodgn ie khfltoatip ae chsetaca lcpific e npaositn et mooyndeht u Ksnoitnem ’s a lMrAehpargo ebga reA h stliatip ancaipoih teE h straab ’yltro hgsniti r.Widu s a lM,A6 5 n9hita esd iehrofeb ’ m toduareKh fttiadtus ’nainissy beA h,tnw oltatip aec h,trab kal h,aaDl yssanaZ who ctduessses s donnpea meetYiso psptos a eodohcettdne texreipme (Munro-Hay 1991, p. 97). ,secru obsa rdAenoitnemero fe ahfstois ae bhntO e hytfitne d oietd anme eebv ashtpmet ta ufnKooitacol ’ eeohrtte hdodetadi c,eidnis siotR nyolCba t,osnroh teu masoaser e;hrwab atKa hwteiv ’ t tadihettseg gtuasr measTsed d.amT u gsfnkoiAred ntecrerr o scrnanaawib ylbatip ataca hwte idavl eohs lyaaH-orn u.Mtog n rAioarg inTrehtu o nsdietac o eltbhgim thg iemre htta hsrtieti rswi hfntooini pe oh.T)98 9y1aH-ornu Md(etsi xeev athhg iemm atnaht udKell ancw oltatip anace eebv adheedni ’)alebila La(h odR nmaus knAeewt eebrehwem orsab feom aen h ytsbecru onsaipoih t oEntwo nnkee ueq h ftloatip aec hnte eebv athhg idmna ,ky aeHk adLnuo rnaoig ee rhndtietac oedlblu olwatip ae chtta hnta edmlu oswi h.ThtiduJ .tsewht u eonnh saitrheth tmaur stfksoAaeht u eoanhsli t yeoastZ oeltciuq si dedi was ierehT ogtnidroc c.Adenodna bnae eebv athhg immus knAe h o wstyacnaperc slaatip ae c hsntaoitcn uodftesa eecv athhg immus k,Ahcraes elracigoloeahc rtanec etrsom ennheottt ihrgwu o,hstecr unoasipoi h et,hEdt nraeh h et.nhoyOtrut nhetcneves- dysilamrae htid uynJboitcurts es dtliit nluatip ae chdteniam emrus ktAa hetta t,snoitida rlta rfsooisab ylbatip arcossec c nuaositn eymrutn ehctn ient ae l hfstoreti rbwa rsAaere h. WD0 A5d8nuora u fKeom aenht ’.secru onsaipoih te Ehndtinu oeosnfbtiw oltatip ahcc ufnsooitn eo,mnrab uyK h o wstnaoitanalp x n eeadblu oecrehT ’.secru onsaipoih t yEdbenoitn etm o snriab u,K D0A 5d8nuo rhatid unJee u yQdbehsilbatsE ’e hnte htwsi x oedtesa eecv athhg irmab ,lati prai ce,hatf „m doyArrftn uerohecttsin i nmoad t gadre nebka voeoowtgaZ c. 03.9DA nfuooKitaico sessa o el,hcetroferehT ’ fyotilatu reb h ftyorom eem h,thtid unJee uhQt irwab uftKonemecalp etrpur be ahd tnnagi erreh ’ od teelv athhg i,mlatip aecwg ae Zh,taf„ dyrAbab evitaluce phsc utsa hdtesser teossbtde et,nirevew o.Hyrom efsmos oelvitcell oecht -d ie mhnrtiew ooeptm ayctsan yeDwg ae Zhtta hntoitpmus se ahndtoes asnbioitaterpretni citamets yd sndaeniats utsuoht i.Wyrutn ehctfle we t hfftol athsr ie f hntt iod nn,ayrutn ehctnet fyorots ie hhfstotcep stanatrop myin a,mnoig earts ae Lhott nhicraes elracigoloeahcra .nwonk nnuiam elrl iewrutl uncaipoihtE .erutl uncab rnuaipoih tfhEotin e:zdoir eepwg ae Zh.TII .ytsan yeDwg ae Zhfytogolonor hechT yrutn ehctneetf ieft ae lhmto rdfelipm oecr ehwci hftwos o,msecru onsaipoih togEtnidroccA .e .,iyrutn ehctn eet h ftfol athsr ief h ntniag eybtsan yeDwg aeZ h,tsdrawno c. 0.e3Dh9AT .s e eyh d irTre d rtosodee eun fo tov lehtuepaiafuetnorprhorrecoueh cfspte ewergreaahZt ,sg nrfieokb m eu,hnytlts r.isFdnu otrngatro p omdnwieottset nesowic g eadfhZooti rgenpol ssii h.Tsra eyytri hrte v foeogare v naeal u ordt amhe h fthoc adelu o,wneve lle l nalila e reare h,tyldnoc e.Serehwes lde naaipoih t nEsits iellbarapm o ocdterapm ohcg iyhlemertxe e hgtnitropp uysbere h,tev iosftgn ifrkoebm ue nht tuhpci hswecru onsaipoih teEmos n aaeh rtdoem leu vr tadohln ueowc g eathZ atihntis siotR ndyorbCaw r totufnpemugra e hs taewwg ae Zhfntogi ee rhnttonemm oosctreti rtwseilr ae ehfe ton.Of l d aanyharutnec 02 5y1lr aee h nt,izerav loAcsicna r,Fnoiss icMitamolp ieDseugutr oeP h ftnoialpahc ’ re t.fsA di awso nok hewso htta hdtetnemm ozcerav l,Asgn iekw ge av Zi fftos itlro hnaswo hgsnieb .)0 6z9e1rav lnAw( o shtea ss h weienhlsot onh ateh rteo rmsegw neiwk g eathZatht g neiwk gtasZ r eithf atehtt oirnwis siotR n,osCecr usfoeos p oytnwtnotemu g srgianhisaB tnuo c snc,aaaewvisi cte sd eo rhm dyat,nbftas r ei.hf7T 3 d15n1 3an1e1ew treeb weoomtpac eh tni yrotsiH fo shcrairtaP foairednaxelA 74 1n1 h(hocJrair tnfagoP i eeghrnti r.uD – ,)76na ftaonemecal p r eaogrfnik se aensairdnaxe le Ahorttet t eeatlo rgwn inkaipoihtE rnoofs a ee.hrsTei t su tidyuhro r do aoltecoomto c detabnhebmu c enehict n,insatiloportem gn inkaipoih teEht ’ e df eg tlosha,ooatdnweu girnais siot Rn,otCnemec a rlt opsafeeru qser r ye ebwfraooupz ieeehssting o dcoeetsru fdneaarhtilopor tet ehatnmthuatbtilopor teehmt dno c ee.hs)T 3,.08p3 2i9n1is siotRn oyCt(sa nlyad y eogohrntto l te dob oin nhdgawnmorts ed asm ahwci h)wsgn iekv i ff poeuda ms(gn iekwg a fZtos itlro hes hst aswecru o fseopyt htneetx ies h ftgoninnig eeb h ntzierav loAcsicna rnFailpa heCseugutr oeP h otetlbaliava .yrutnec detnemga ref h ntyoltr adp nsaecru onsaipoih t nEgoniyl eyrltr a,peissalleS-elb awHegreS 0 3n0e1ew tr ee e bwomyotalpcbab oerw pget ahadZthetu gs,rasahecr ucoisb adcrniAatpoC ylthgi l osstra e5y 7m3umix aem hmto rdfoir eepwg aeZ hetcud edrlu oswi h.T D0A5 0d1na senehoctr ucoisb adcrniAat pe,ohrCteve w,orheil rtdaueeotn i e. osvsepAarw ha0re0ey2vo me et s oo)ndyrutn ehctn ee t hfftol adhnoc ee s hndtienoitn etmsri fh(tid unJee ufeQosir .eug ae Zhfytogolonor he chgtnitt er sosfrotacid nshiaguo neelbailer yros thfscoir HaeihrttaP of the Egyptian Church iniss oiRtn orC osfecru oys eek hnte esb ahhci hswuriw a ySb ’ s h ts nde erhdedatn etwe f sno,o eoetyshpvgatmeow oslncoo nif eotoewrchghutacrZtsnocer .noitida rlta rfsoois ae b hnytolbabo rtps od mnyarutnec hfftol athsr ie fhnrtiew ooeptm ae cwe g h,atnZairots inhaipoih trEehto nogatnidroccA e elk e,Tselcinor hncaipoih toyEtltcir tgsnireh d.A)0 5.,3p86 9k1ida seTlke Ty(rutn ehctnet eth ateh mttist r ei t h fsottta naiwghntiu girnais siotR nnfoooCitaterpre t endhiettu fkeirdasT ys l a.rsraA ee nwfoooiptpmu sesw a geeahzZting o dcoeetsru fdoea rr heittaaaChcrairtaP doetsu f,esreihpargoi gnaahipoi hgotntEidro c,c daeathahcrair t ea,hPytrut nhetcnevele-dim .) 1,.55p3 6k9i1d alseTk esTe(tinomoloS- ndyoebn lauirpoi hpototE hd snaiebs n idsel uerv adheed ntihg iemwg aeZ htta httnemug reahT yrutn ehctn eet h ftfol athsr ief hetc .secru onsaipoih t nEyihpargonor h fcyodu tesvitsuah x ne nadiesi anre eybltnec etrs osmah 6 5 f4tonuo m naganivlov n,iygolonor hncaipoih t fEnooitacilp ued h ftyorevocs ied h otetuD thg ismra e3y 3y1tsan yeDwg aeZ hntgis shaci hswecru oesso htta hdteug rnae esb a th,israey reuabegue Ny(rots ilhaut cmao rsfra e6y 5d4etanimi lheci htwnuoc c na nadoes anbe eebvah 1989, 55 –erof eebm ie thttcef ftas u,mreuabegu esNeti r,wslavret nfniow ogdnitt usci h.T)6 ne eebv adhlu odcoir eepwg ae Zhtta httnemug re ahoytttilibide rgcnidn e,lerofere h,t0721 .iniss oiRtn oshCac ussroht uydabetsegg unsa hrtegnol ye hd tir,domia lscecru onsaipoih teEm os,saseirutn eecer hrte vr ooefl uerwg ae ZhdtiD ewg aeZ hatff„ dsA a?Wyrutn erace vyolthgi lesl uyrlno ’rie httuohguor hltatip adcex isf fkor ae mhntev isglatip agcniv oe m hfstorosrucr ee p hfet o ntso i ar,woel ucritsanyd er eswtseret nciitp od Cnbaa re Ahnte hlwatip ae cheodtbtenepp atehisuac eebcnenamrep dlu oswnairots ie hhr totfseret neir ufsponoitse uyqn a?Myrtnu oe c hndtoesuc oyfliratnemom aff„ dlAatip aecwg aeZ h ftnooitavac xleacigoloeahc r nayal n,oerucs bnoiam eyrldetbuodnu .doi reewp g eaefhZgotdelw o rneukcona hynleta edrlguow erutcetih cerwagaZ tsa ettlai aoewtv alhl irwew ooeptm atcsr iyftsan yeDwg ae Zhnte hosewtagdelwo nrkuO tae rwago n ek,wrevew o.Hdeidu tysllacigoloeahc r saaiff„ dlAatip arcie h steam ihtc ulsitnu e ute guhlaotaZbead ’sehcr ukh cc eo,hretrutcetih csfrmoa r.nesIttnemevei hlcaarut lsuc egatir eehtimus ke A hfttonemeni f yealr nt ooenr eywtsan yeDwg ae Zhgtnir uddetcurtsnoc .)sg iefe se(rutl uncaipoih tfhEotin ee zhstserp xoes ltaub naipoih tydEbetubirt tnae eebv aahlebil atsLaehcru hkcc oe rhfntooitcurtsn oechT itn o;C27 9e1issalleS-elba Ht(py gmEo rsfeli xneaitsir h oCstrehpargoig adh nsarelcinorhc 02 9e1t ael h ntdi i ed shganiti r,winiss oiRtn o.C)82 9i1nissoR ’ :laciroge tea rcno em sv,aesw .) 8i2n9i1 sisto nRsorCe(ng id eeyrtbocfurt s tn e bosrouceenohwdc r kuechhoctr uohtlA ylgnimlehwrev oe bo tsraepp at i,evitsuahx esnae mo ny bs ihcraese relbaliav ahg notxu Be(ly testimus klAanoitida rfstonoitcudorp eerr eswehcru hkcc oe rhtta hgtnicnivnoc seitiralim iw sesfehcru hkcc oe rhetv ayhl nt oo.N)55 9t1sruhkn a;P07 9n1otx u; B1.,3p9491 o wttsa e tl fawo eyafl neo raalebil a nLsiehcru hncaipoih teE h,taid ndI ntapy g nEeiso hhttiw .ats ad Lniaarg ifsTotr arpeh tnsoiehcru hkcc orralim idserdnuh ohttruo fd(oir eeptimus ke A hfhtotin ee zhmto rgfnidnet x,eely tfysotiunitn oechT htfi f )ssaeirut nhetcneetr iyhlt r dahnetafl eewtt adlo(i re e wtpf gho eagh Zi tee,pohh)uttseirutnec e h ntsirengier o fftonemyolp mee htt ueol uyrllautr i ovstraep p,awo hyslp msanoitartsul leiht larutcetih celrhiat a dtneeiidd uo,thnswot xdui B vr.aosDFehcr uk h cnecfoohorittcurtsnoc ese hstdoir eepwg ae Zhd tneatimus ke Ahhtt ofyborotsih ‘ nogatnol esbehcru hncaipoihtE retcara heclbakatsim ndu ndaekr aymr e faveoly tssuonegidni ’ (in Gerster 1969, p. 59). deni ast gte n awtiedgakheahtkZtr anmoe tr,xeurBomrehtruF ‘d nyatiliba t fseoerg ead yrotsi hnainissyb An idellauq emodle stnemecnavd alacinhcet ’ (Buxton 1970, p. 45 – 6). ‘ Yet ’ , Buxton further stated, ‘ts osslignikatred ntus aevse hfdtoroc eervitcej blola ’ , – dednetni n nua .ygoloeahc rnaacir f oAetgnellahc ,dewoll on)foitartsul leie sa(lebil a tLsaehcru hncweh-kc oer h fttos eeb h,tyllarutcetihcrA ’)yrutn ehctne‘v eyslra eo(m aaDrb a yDdbetneserp enroitida ret h,tliat e fdyotiled itfae rhgtiw (Buxton 1972, pp. 108 – eefhlot y etdhsetwol lsoefhcr ukh cc eo.hr)T9 ‘pu-tliu blacol nigi reotimus kyAllacis arbie h fteocnedi vreae lnciat esrevlesme hhtci h,wsepytotorp ’ (Buxton 1970, p. 104). ydltr asspiehcru hkcc oarlebil ae L hodtti anpoitnet teahT e h ytybrevocs iydlr areie h otetu d nyarutn ehctneetx ies h ftfol athsr ief h ntnioiss icmitamolp iedseugutr oeP h ftsorebmem erau qe sngonideec xt eoane rnn)aaisehcru hncevel en(oitartnecn orcie hoe ttuydltrap 06 9e 1hetcn i.Sertemolik ’ rteaa meh ,oltgnccn oeiotbdtx ru,oB rc,ecs vat,eiswaohh ‘ seireht hnt irroenht rsuefhcr unhwceh- k ncfoooirtartnec ntoncatro pe mrn ioesmvpeah r,erpehtona iarg i fTeocnivo repht ’ (Buxton 1970, p. 103). e esb ahhci hnwoig earts aeL h nteir osc tdi ayhtsan yeDwg aeZhT - w deflgooAhg nno rats ed asfreotsop r r ua oetpeofhesttl tnu ioraim e.haTipoi heftloEp ogenpika e)p-scitihsuC( .) 3,.62p2 7e9i1ssal leelSb aaHw(as sra aMtesn a eonhc atrheth taalr yna eZee vbsoarthaeppa sesop r dr tueeoripgsfoauug nw aerlgi Aedhetnia treerh t e irvoeaateh psprae leuw rgeahZT ylsuoigil eerr ohmc u,melo hew h nt,oer eswrel uerw ge ahhZtguoht l.Anoitartsinim dfao e hnta hdteripsni ‘ cinomoloS ’lacigolo end iidoaetgdeec ceu v stoarothane pyp ea,hstre lur e h otdtegnol ehbci hrwew olpay o frsorepru sguni e fbdoesuc cear eywe h.Tycamitigel d n,aselpo egpnikae p)s-citime S-(aynirgiT ‘gn idK naabe h fSnoee ueQ h ftsotnednecsed nomoloS ’. yleso lnce esb ahhcru hec h,tyrutn ehctru oef h ntyitinaitsir h fCnooitcudort nei hetcn irsevE eehlt i,hswd eleanire t sa rtmsoigf n eitnhknotedne p seradewm r eo.hfeTt a etdohsetttaler eta tnseewt enboitaroball oectamit nsii h.Tel usr teitamitig e olhtcru hec hdtede eenti lgenilur lanoi t eaefhncotnanetn i dannmoaitul o ev rhenotofs a eethrnte ttx ae so ehatarcwgr udhnca aefghoats ‘snigi rcoinomoloS ’ e h ftdo neasu oghnil unraipoih teE h fto ‘e h ftnoigi rhosiweJ noitalup onpaipoihtE ’e h,t)97 9d1iha Sy(rutn ehctx ies h ftfol athsr ief h ntdiepolev etdsr i.F d nee h ytnbwo nlkl esw aawbe h fSnoee uyQradneg eel h ftyortnu oec h staaipoih t fEhotym dseabirc s seyadrwtn u eoehcrt e,howr ienatiCahcrair t eaythPratut nhetc n eifhnot ‘ eht nomol ooeStm ahctu oe shfntoee ue qhhtci hmwo rafb afmSoodgnik ’ suriw a,S8(491.p ;97 9d1iha Sy(rutn ehctneetru oe f hfgtoninnig ee b hngtiniti rowt nt ius paawg assi h.T)811 Budge 1928). ta hntwo ntekid ad mashrel uerwg ae Zh,tnoitis olpacigoloe dsiuoirace rrpie hfetorawA eissaleS-elba Hs(es o fMeosu oeh hmto rtf ulbear smIo rsftnadnecs e,dll e sw,aer eyweht . ) g 2tnt7n i I9 e eotr 1 fmtutpess ot agmhireeiehret ewhmhtataolgtmtrtuaoerZcht ehxeect orsniodene a oto worefatt hs peh cntershtdiorhied nriOcerafattrhoscutuhrctsnoc e h ytdbezinon asctni ayslgn irku oef h fteoer h.Tel u orytcamitig erlie hgtnitsetn oecsoht er ee wwe g htata Zhetlbabo rst.piIytsan ye Dwe g hmato Zrefr ehwcru hnCaipoihtE o h,weti lgenil unraerg ieT h ytebr otm u,bhcru hnCaipoih teE h ythbc u omts odnegnellahc .ytsan ycDinomol oeS h fthot yem hdtepolev edd ndaevlove nairots ieh hmtorF ’we iev h fteocnetsisr eep hrteht a sreius sginiugirt nei h,tevitcepsr esp .doi r eeyfhptotei cnoasipoi h etsfhEtotnemhsilpmo c ec thaeot rnseewhcr ukh cc eothratht e h nteirutl uncab r fueonilc ecditsa rrdeht aer h stlal e swlaacigoloe d e iobstraep peavit oemhT )-citihsu C-(we geA hrte vioarg idT naarah mgAnikaeps-citim eeS h ftyorotc iev h.Tyrtnuoc eme het hhtt inwgiapm alcacigoloe ddiepoleved-ll e yawdbeinapmoc csa aeww gg anZikaeps feoht ‘ytsa ncyiDnomo l eonfhSootitarotser ’ neivit cear e,wsraep pt,aisrel ucrinomol oe Sh.T ehhgtuo rhh ct tou,osmsnrosseced e errwpi g eanhZ atthht griel tsn taeeivblesm eghntitneserp :selcino rlha cyr oi nrefohoittaziroh tehuhgatuo rt,huetbrutceti h ncdtfornroiaaatazinortap ret fyarutn efacl ayhl ndoesopm o,cnoi saTd mrAorep m fEtoa h,telcinor hlcay otrseilr aeeht .ewg ae Z hfltolafnw oedht e hfttocap meivitag ee n heltbl edwlu oncosa errehtonA ‘ et actisnomoloS ’ e h.Tmsinab r nuo od na,hnoitcenn occinomol ogSnimia lhcguo h,to hewso hydtbel us raawipoih teEwgaZ-tsop s aywrtnu oe ch,taipoih tdEetis ievseugutr oe Phnte h,wyrutn ehctneetx ie shy.tBlatip adcexif d nlaarutl u sclal e sweacnedneped nsi tdieniatni aymrtnu oec hhtguoht l.Asnw o ftdoioved nab r fueonilc eed hdtessent ieww g f aloZl aef hgtniwoll osfeirutn eec h,tytiunitn olcacigoloedi ev a ohdteraep p,asgn iekw gy tab uZdoeirr a sc,asgnidli ucbilb u fpnooitcurtsn oec h.Tefil .srel ucrinomol oeS h ft,oyllacinhc edt nyallairet ahmt o,bsna eem hdtnoy enbeeb e hfttor ae phnytollaicep s,eecnatcul eerhT eehstingo c,oestrrelcino rnhacipoi htE s aehrutl uectimus ke A hfttonempolev erdeht r susaafehcru haclebil ae L hfntooitcurtsnoc yllaitnes sde nwa e ffsois aeb h nt.Oyrots inhaipoih t fEnooitazidoir eep hdtetrots iydlbaborp 072 1d(oir eepwgaZ-ts oep h,tselcinor hlcay ogrniyfirolg-fles – e hsdtaebircs ende es ba)h7251 dessent idwoir espi hyttila e nrnie h,w)27 9e1issalleS-elba Hl(aviv eyrraret idl nlaarutl u fcaore b o.Jerutl uncab rfeuonil c ,eaedcneuqes n s,oaadc nlaatip atcnenam r feeaocpnaraeppas iedht nnoe h,whtu re thrtera ehnc us ma,wtsinaipoih tnEamr eyGrutn ehctneetnev ee sh,tsuhploduL kn oemh tt(namrof nniaipoih ts Eid hnsatnuoc claeva rntaipoih teEseugutr oe Phfstois aebht ) :yaerbtobogArewrG tnatsn oyc nda a‘rhev eyne hatmu xtAf ealinisseb a fHsogn iek hrtetfA .stn enetiv iosltevlesme hdtetnetn ot cu,bsecal ar Po,nnoisnam ’decitca rdp ayhe hytlremr oF t uscelpm ettnecifing aem hdt nmaus k fAsoni uer hmto rtfnedi vse a swearutcetihc r fato reaht . ) ,5.1 4p6t19s1ruhkn aaPl(eb i slfk aoceLon r oe ttvefusihoolt .et aetws g esafheZotrutcu rltasciti l docnpiamonocE f onoitacoll aeh thti wlae dylnia mhcih wstnemuco dnaipoiht EehT ‘ tlug ’ e r)eswtn adrn gal( soertbaae pepra e,hrteve w.oyHtsa neywD g ealfhZ lot earhfet tsfeairut nleacre vneesttirw es oe hretet w aseftehosrtutcu rltasciti ldconipamon oetc haenthoti n sifuposonesnoc mets yesta tnsaipoih te Ehfstotcep staneil atss oe mh.Tdoir eeptimus ke Ahgtnir uddepoleved gn ie k hfetovitagore re phd tnsanoig etrnednepedni-im eost nyirtnu oe c hfntooisiv ie dhetrew m r eenyhtwbt osntkn adr ngefasolop soitd ‘ tlug ’.stnemy a fpuoe i nldieredn esrecivr ers of ylbabo rsp a,wmets ylsacitil onpaipoih teE h ftsoeruta eefuqi neu h fteo n,otl ueghT 07 9y1lr aee hltit neu s nutip edk ndaoir eeptimus keA hgtnir uddepoleved ’ d eyewbho tt.sseB niatr edceyoj nreedl othl ue gh,trorepme ‘dn ael h ntgoniv isltnasa eep h otntoital e nrsithgir ’ laun n rayolhtn o fmnooitcell oec h otdtetim iyllni aemr eswthg ierse h.T)0 0 .1,p27 9t1armaT( t od nietdha hnrtien wdon ae lhmto rtfnereff is darwedl othl ue gh.Tstnasa ee phmto rsfetubirt tfnou onm i asartt onraae sc saefeehocpti v yr e oleth,tnsu td o bsneotahthl t gesihsrtessop r enswddiaanral aotk nooiotatmr erden d u tl,elonh uhrt.g u d nmteneIoehacrrtluf deohrtp .seitu dyratili mro felbaliav asrewollo fsi hdn aflesmi heka mo ts allew hc u fa msosidn atll uhgt isweiretsan oem hdtedivo rspgn iekw ge a hZtta hetcnedi veehT htneetru oe fhydtbaerpsed is waswnailiv iotctl uggnitna rfegocitca re phetcn i.Set ardetal .sixa rrpalim iodstetros eerv alhl estwahg ismgn iekwg ae Zhtta hdteug redablu ot,ciyrutnec saniatn o,cyrutn ehctneetf ief h ntdiesopm o,calebil agLn iekwg aeZ h ftyohpargoig aehhT tyaretsan oem h otttl udgetan o edehre hfwlesm ighn iek h ytnbetti rywldegel lhapargarap .aerti ryEad-tnese r npainazemih c nSsionab iaLrb e tDda nmauskA ht iswreda ellac o yldbel usrnoig eerv ioft ndiediv isd aewta tnsaipoih teE h,tyllacitiloP ylr aeet( aetwsgaZ-t syolp r eaefherotutcu r et.nhsyOtmono tluaanre tenlibaredisnoc .smodec nliarnp on iofgioetrare d te e afts tehniat ostowaaroc rwo,ml)ayTru thntenceetruof tarma Te(rutcur tysratil id mnlaacitil oeplo he w hfttoi ncuis ae bhdtetneserp enroig ehrcaE ,ycamer p rudos efniovi ghe creace n.ieSt aetws g earhZet t daenltaimu s ek )fhA,.5ot2p9791 .rehteg oytrtnu oe chgtnipe er kolfaitnes seer egwn ie k hoettlbalia vsaecruos eyrratil iemht snoita lnegrie r doenfda aerctnatsid-gnoL n etts,eeo asb y nnhg efonehoi iw tgek g erea,rohZactt st aagLhntidnatshtiwtoN ndienoitn eemso hnta hrteh tsonw oetr otma hytlek itl o s nti,ideyevr uysllacigoloeahcra a edS eeR h fteol ogrnihsinim ied h fttocap mei h.Tderevocs i edlbl iewrutaret iylraropmetnoc ns,aad nmasinab rfeuonilc ee dhod tteyllbabo rnpaenarretid enMrets ae ehoettda rttsaoc netti rywl ne ohhtguoht l.Asessa lecldd irmep pe u hfgtoniknir he s ho,ttecneuqesn otcnatropmi e h nthicru hcCitp oeC h ftyoov nneaitpy g nE ya,bewg a fZyot ilcatip aec h ftnooitpircsed n a ec,wnw oetvisserp mdi nyalev i falnooisserp mginor teasv idgeed nsie o,dyrutn ehctflewt e h.Tecnedi vgenitaroborr orceh t foeocnes bea h ntnioisulcn olcaren eyg nwaa rydldrah odnlu oawff„ dlAatip aecwg ae Zhdtnuo rd annhaicraes elracigoloeahc rfnaooitubirtnoc .ecnavel eerlbaulav n fi eotbbuod n is.atemId aerctnatsid- g dnneoigla gt n b seeuoato nwadetw sge,ahrZtosseced esertkpiiL ,telt u,o s,arwev eawloyh arZehtar eht deR a eySr a.rsot prbmoae prtsAneoc Crruaoesppaot e hst aawly a,Zyrutn ehctn ien h fteoldd iem h ntginiti r,wibuqaY- lrA o.Ftni ospi h ntroae lecb e h yt.Bll e swtanatrop mdieniam ear edS eeR h ntsodnal skialh aeD hhtguoht l,atelt unoiam noitaropr oicmir aeK hdteni oejv ayh asmreda rntaipoih t,Eyrutn ehctneve lee h ftdone – a devir eedcnedi vee h.Taipoih tdE n,anad u,Stpy gmEo rsftnahcr egmnivlov nkirowt egnnidart azin eeG h ntdinu oyfrutn ehctneve lee hmto rsfet olnaicremm o,cstnemuc oadzin eeG hmtorf -elb a;H8591nietio Ge(rut aynratnemga ro fofrtoevew os,hiori aneCiugogan ye shf)toxenna( .)27 9e1issaleS
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