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THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH A NEW TRANSLATION VOLUME 61 THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH A NEW TRANSLATION Roy JOSEPH DEFERRARI Editorial Director Emeritus EDITORIAL BOARD BERNARD M. PEEBLES PAUL J. MORIN The Catholic University of America The Catholic University of America Editorial Director Managing Editor ROBERT P. RUSSELL, O.S.A. THOMAS P. HALTON Villanova University The Catholic University of America MARTIN R. P. MCGUIRE WILLIAM R. TONGUE The Catholic University of America The Catholic University of America HERMIGILD DRESSLER, O.F.M. SR. M. JOSEPHINE BRENNAN, I.H.M. The Catholic University of America Marywood College MSGR. JAMES A. MAGNER REDMOND A. BURKE, C.S.V. The Catholic University of America The Catholic University of America THE WORKS OF SAINT CYRIL OF JERUSALEM Volume 1 Translated by LEO P. McCAULEY, S.]. Boston College Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts and ANTHONY A. STEPHENSON University of Exeter England THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS Washington, D. C. 20017 NIHIL OBSTAT: JOHN C. SELNER, 5.5., S.T.D. Censor Librorum IMPRIMATUR: ~PATRICK CARDINAL A. O'BOYLE, D.D. Archbishop of Washington November 15, 1968 The nihil obstat and imprimatur are official declarations that a book or pamphlet is free of doctrinal or moral error. No implication is contained therein that those who have granted the nihil obstat and the imprimatur agree with the content, opinions, or statements expressed. Library of Congress Catalog Card No.: 68-55980 Copyright © 1969 by THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS, INC. All rights reserved First Paperback Reprint 2005 ISBN 0-8132-0061-X (cl) ISBN 0-8132-1431-9 (pbk) CONTENTS Page General Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Select Bibliography ................................ lX Abbreviations ..................................... xi General Introduction 1. The Lenten Lectures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Cyril and "Gnosis" ........................... 6 3. The Historical Situation ...................... 12 4. Life of Cyril ................................ 21 5. Cyril's Theology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 6. The Creed of Jerusalem ("]").................. 60 Texts of the Creeds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 The Introductory Lecture (Procatechesis). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Lenten Lectures (Catecheses) Foreword to the Catecheses ....................... 89 Catecheses I-XII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Indices ........................................... 253 v GENERAL FOREWORD Father Leo P. McCauley is responsible for the translation, with notes, of the Lenten (pre-baptismal) Lectures 1-12. Father A. A. Stephenson is responsible for the General Introduction and the Procatechesis. Except where otherwise noted, the text translated is that of the W. K. Reischl and J. Rupp edition of the works of Cyril (Munich 1848-1860). Father Stephenson writes as follows on certain matters: My general introduction is heavily indebted to many scholars. While most of these debts are indicated, how ever inadequately and implicitly, in the Select Bibli ography, I gladly mention here how much lowe to that great CyriIIine scholar, Dom A. A. Toutee, O.S.B., and to the Patristic Greek Lexicon edited by Dr. G. W. H. Lampe, who has conferred an inestimable boon on all students of the Greek Fathers. Instructive, however, as Toutee's dissertations, notes, and critical apparatus stilI are, there is as yet no modern critical edition of the works of Cyril, and it is good news that this need is very soon to be supplied by Pere E. Bihain. Throughout the volume "Lecture" may stand for Catechesis; in the General In troduction, "Eusebius" is always Eusebius of Caesarea, "Basil" is always Basil of Ancyra, "the East" does not include Egypt, and "Eastern theology" refers to the tra dition originated by Origen and continued by, among others, Eusebius. A further volume in the series will contain, in addition to the Sermon on the Paralytic and the Letter to Constantius, the Lenten Lectures 13-18 and the lectures on the sacramental mysteries (Mystagogicae) delivered at Jerusalem during Easter vii viii ST. CYRIL OF JERUSALEM week, although the balance of probability slightly favors the view that these Mystagogical Catecheses are, at least in their present form, the work of Cyril's successor, John of Jerusalem. BERNARD M. PEEBLES Editorial Director SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ix SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY· Texts: A. A. Toutee and P. Maran [Maurists] (Paris 1720; reprinted PG 33.331-1180). W. K. Reischl and J. Rupp (Munich 1848/1860). Text with improve ments based on Cod. Monac. gr. 394. F. L. Cross, St. Cyril of Jerusalem's Lectures on the Christian Sacra ments . . . (S.P.C.K. Texts for Students 51; London 1951). Text and English translation (by R. W. Church), with Introduction, of the Procatechesis and the Mystagogical Catecheses. A. Piedagnel, Cyrille de jerusalem, Catecheses mystagogiques (Sources chretiennes 126; Paris 1966). English Translations: R. W. Church, The Catechetical Lectures of S. Cyril, Archbishop of Jerusalem (Library of the Fathers of the Holy Catholic Church [LCF] 2; Oxford and London 1839). Contains Dean R. W. Church's classic translation of the Lenten Lectures (the pre baptismal Catecheses) and the Easter (Mystagogical) Catecheses, and a Preface by J. H. Newman, who apparently (cf. xxx) also revised the translation. E. H. Gifford, St. Cyril of Jerusalem and St. Gregory Nazianzen (Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers [LNPF], Second series 7; London 1894; recently reprinted by Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, Mich.). E. H. Gifford's revision of Church's translation, with useful introduction and notes. W. Telfer, Cyril of Jerusalem and Nemesius of Emesa (Library of Christian Classics [LCC] 4; London 1955). A new translation of extensive selections from the Catecheses with the Letter of Constantius. Contains very valuable introduction and notes. French Translations: J. Bouvet, [Cyrillus Hierosol]'mitanus] Catecheses baptismales et mystagogiques (Les tcrits des saints; Namur 1962). M. Vericel, Cyrille de Jerusalem (Collection tglise d'hier et d'aujourd'hui; Paris 1957). Selections. Historical: G. Bardy et al., The Church in the Christian Roman Empire I, English translation, by E. C. Messenger (London 1949), of the first two parts of A. Fliche and V. Martin (general editors), Histoire de l'Eglise etc. 3 (Paris 1947). ----, "Cyrille de Jerusalem," Dictionnaire de la spiritualite (DSp) 2 (1953) 2683-2687. ----, "Cyrille de Jerusalem," Dictionnaire d'histoire et de geographie ecclesiastiques (DHG) 13 (1956) 1181-1185. • Where a work is cited only by the name of its author, the reference is to his work listed in this Bibliography. x ST. CYRIL OF JERUSALEM E. Bihain, "La source d'un texte de Socrate (Hist. Eccles. 2.38.2) relatif it Cyrille de Jerusalem," Byzantion 32 (1962) 81-91. ----" "Le Contre Eunome de Theodore de Mopsueste, source d'un passage de Sozomene et d'un passage de Theodoret con cernant Cyrille de Jerusalem," Le Museon 75 (1962) 331-355. ----" "Une vie armenienne de S. Cyrille de Jerusalem," Le Museon 76 (1963) 319-348. H. Chadwick, The Early Church (The Pelican History of the Church 1; London 1967). ----, The Circle and the Ellipse (Inaugural Lecture; Oxford 1959). Francis Dvornik, The Idea of Apostolicity in Byzantium (Cambridge, Mass. 1958). F. J. A. Hort, Two Dissertations (London and Cambridge 1876). X. Le Bachelet, "Cyrille (Saint), ev~que de Jerusalem," Dictionnaire de theologie catholique (DTC) 3 (1908) 2527-2577- Hans Lietzmann, A History of the Early Church II (containing vols. 3 and 4 of the German original) being the paperback edition (London 1961, 1963) of Bertram Lee Woolf's translation of Lietzmann's Geschichte der Alten Kirche (4 vols., 1961); references to the 4-volume edition of the Woolf translation are added in paren thesis. A. P. Stanley, Lectures on the History of the Eastern Church (2nd ed., New York 1862). J. Stevenson, A New Eusebius: Documents Illustrative of the History of the Church (London 1957). Theological: G. W. H. Lampe, A Patristic Greek Lexicon (Oxford 1961ff.). J. Lebon, "La position de St. Cyrille de Jerusalem dans les luttes provoquees par l'arianisme," Revue d'histoire ecclesiastique 20 (1924) 181-210, 357-386. G. L. Prestige, God in Patristic Thought (London 1952). Archibald Robertson and John Henry Newman, St. Athanasius: Select Works and Letters (LNPF, Second series 4; London 1891). G. C. Stead, "The Significance of the Homoousios," Studia Patristica III (=Texte u. Untersuchungen 78; Berlin 1961) 397-412. (See also the discussion of the homoousios that has been carried on in recent years in the Journal of Theological Studies.) A. A. Stephenson, "St. Cyril of Jerusalem and the Alexandrian Christian Gnosis," Studia Patristica I (=Texte u. Untersuchungen 63; Berlin 1957) 142-156. H. A. Wolfson, "Philosophical Implications of the Theology of Cyril of Jerusalem," Dumbarton Oaks Papers 11 (1957) 1-19. Creeds: E. C. S. Gibson, The Three Creeds (Oxford Library of Practical Theology; London 1908).