The Winnowing Oar – New Perspectives in Homeric Studies. Studies in Honor of Antonios Rengakos PDF
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The Winnowing Oar – New Perspectives in Homeric Studies The Winnowing Oar – New Perspectives in Homeric Studies Studies in Honor of Antonios Rengakos Edited by Christos Tsagalis and Andreas Markantonatos ISBN 978-3-11-054335-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-055987-3 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-055949-1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliografic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliografic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Cover image: Vassily Kandinsky, Blue (© Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, California) Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Table of Contents Introduction 1 Text M. L. West† Editing the Odyssey 13 Margalit Finkelberg Homer at the Panathenaia: Some possible scenarios 29 Interpretation Franco Montanari The failed embassy: Achilles in the Iliad 43 Egbert Bakker Hector (and) the race horse: The telescopic vision of the Iliad 57 Ruth Scodel Homeric fate, Homeric poetics 75 J. S. Burgess The Apologos of Odysseus: Tradition and conspiracy theories 95 Jonas Grethlein The best of the Achaeans? Odysseus and Achilles in the Odyssey 121 Language and Formulas G. O. Hutchinson Repetition, range, and attention: The Iliad 145 VI TableofContents A. C. Cassio ‘Authentic’ vs. ‘artificial’: Homeric EΠEΕΣΣΙ(Ν) reconsidered 171 Christos Tsagalis ΑΠ’/ΚΑΤ’ ΑΙΓΙΛΙΠΟΣ ΠΕΤΡΗΣ: Homeric iconyms and Hittite answers 191 Stephanie West Mysterious Lemnos: A note on AΜΙΧΘΑΛOΕΣΣΑ (Il. 24.753) 215 Homeric Hymns Anton Bierl ‘Hail and take pleasure!’ Making gods present in narration through choral song and other epiphanic strategies in the Homeric Hymns to Dionysus and Apollo 231 Richard Janko Tithonus, Eos and the cicada in the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite and Sappho fr. 58 267 Publications by Antonios Rengakos 297 General Index 301 Index of Principal Homeric Passages 305 Introduction Thiscollectionofessaysbyahostofeminentclassicalscholarsonfiendishlyin- tricateandnotoriouslyimpenetrableHomericzetemataaimstopaylavishtribute to avigorously incisive researcher of epic poetry, Antonios Rengakos, Professor of Greek in the Department of Philology at the Aristotle University of Thessalo- niki, and to celebrate the happy occasion of his 60th birthday. The editors, both fortunate recipients of the honoree’s wisdom and friendship, consider this the perfect opportunity to highlight the influence that Antonios Rengakos hasexercisedonthefieldofthestudyofGreekliteratureworldwideinvaluable and memorable ways. His seminal work on the close interconnections between the Homeric text and Hellenistic poetry, as well as his astute and detailed con- tributionstoourbetterunderstandingofthecomplexnetworkofechoesandaf- finities amongst a plethora of highly interrelated Greek texts spanning a vast stretchoftimefromthearchaiceratoAlexandrianliterarytraditionandbeyond, speaksvolumesofhisimpeccablescholarshipandsoundcriticaljudgement.Itis not overbold to claim that this Festschrift is but a minor testimony to the great respectwhichAntoniosRengakoscommandsintheacademicworldofclassical learning; for it would unquestionably take more than one liber amicorum to showcasetheimpressivelybroadrangeofhisresearchinterestsandthestriking- ly profound erudition of his academic writings. Havingallthis in mind one feels inadequatetopayduehomagetothe vol- uminousandversatileresearchworkofthededicatee,andthethoughtthatthis should be dispatched within the limited space of a preface can without doubt humble the most confident author. Be that as it may, the editors should hope that even a brief sketch of the honoree’s remarkable achievement and creative intelligencewillofferreadersaninklingofhisinternationalstature.Itisindeed beyond accident that Antonios Rengakos, an outstanding student of the presti- gious German School of Athens, chose to pursue his undergraduate and post- graduate studies at the University of Freiburg; for it swiftly strikes those who havehadtheprivilegetohaveknownthehonoreeinpersonthatthedisciplined sensitivityandrocksolidanalyticalthinkingofGermanclassicalscholarshipbe- come him, especially when what is at stake is nothing less than the laborious task of both ascertaining the integrity of the text and unearthing the richness ofitsimplications.Morethanthat,inGermanyAntoniosRengakoswasfortunate enough to enjoy the enormous benefits accruing from his close collaboration with the pre-eminent scholar and distinguished classicist, Professor Wolfgang Kullmann,whohashadamajorimpactonthehonoree,motivatinghimtowards followinga distinctly neo-analytical approach to thestudyofHomericepics,as https://doi.org/9783110559873-001 2 Introduction well as encouraging him to forge indissoluble links to German academia.This intense schooling in the best traditions of German classical scholarship has paiddividendsforAntoniosRengakos;forhiswell-arguedandfullofdeeplearn- ingdoctoral thesis entitled Form und Wandel des Machtdenkens der Athenerbei Thukydides(1984),togetherwithhistightlydocumentedanddenselydeliberated habilitation dissertation on the remarkable ways inwhich the meticulous study of eminent Hellenistic poet-scholars such as Callimachus and Apollonius Rho- dius can shed revealing light upon the misty beginnings of the Homeric text (1993 & 1994), has established him as an undisputed authority on Greek litera- ture and culture. Furthermore,withhisnumerousstudiesconfirmingthenarrativecomplexity and intertextual sophistication not only of the Iliad and Odyssey but also of a wide range of Hellenistic poems, Antonios Rengakos has evaluated the current thinking on this most demanding area of knowledge, while at the same time both setting the agenda for new exciting research and making more than a few original arguments about the future direction of the continuing debate over the validity of such theoretical tools as Narratology and Intertextuality in thefieldoftheClassics.Anyonewhothinksthatissues ofnarrational authority andintertextual empowermentaresimpleandeasilygraspableshould readthe dedicatee’s important publications, which combine stimulating discussions of the special ways in which myth-sequences are always mediated through some kind of narrative recasting and recalibration with a wealth of useful insights intoaliterarywork’smultiplepointsofreference.Inaseriesofwell-considered andinformativearticles,aswellasofferingamuch-neededmappingofthecul- tural and intellectual terrain of Hellenistic poetry, Antonios Rengakos has ele- gantly explored the striking intricacy of those patterns of images and motifs which one can see unabatedly building throughout poems, thereby rendering both the narrated events and the vivid descriptions overwhelming in their spe- cific details and sensory impressions. This first attempt at outlining the honoree’s impressive scholarly accom- plishments would be gravely amiss if it failed to include mention of another long series of important publications: Antonios Rengakos’ remarkable edited outputcomprisingseveral multi-authoredvolumesabout abroadrange ofclas- sicalthemesandtopics,aswellasnumerousModernGreektranslationsoffun- damental reference works and academic treatises. For instance, there is some- thing almost uncanny about how Brill’s Companion to Thucydides (2006), proficiently edited by the dedicatee and Antonios Tsakmakis, makes the work ofalong-deadhistoriancomealivebeforeoureyes,therebyencouragingreaders toexplorehislifeandwork,aswellassuchperennialissuesastruth,humanity, politics,andreligion.Thesameobservationapplies,tomoveontoadifferentau- Introduction 3 thorandgenre,toBrill’sCompaniontoHesiod,editedtogetherwithFrancoMon- tanariandChristosTsagalis.ItisnotincidentalthatinterestinHesiodicstudies hasbeenrenewedafterthepublicationofalong-neededcollectiveworkoffering arichpanoramaofthecurrentstatusquaestionisinHesiodicstudies.Morethan this,theModernGreektranslationofFrancoMontanari’sinfluentialandauthor- itative Modern Dictionary of the Ancient Greek Language (2013), expertly edited byAntoniosRengakoswhowasassistedbyanimpressiveteamoflearnedschol- arsfromtheAristotleUniversityofThessaloniki,iswidelyrecognisedinhisna- tive Greece and elsewhere as a monumental achievement of scholarly sophisti- cation and capable editorship. Last but not least, Antonios Rengakos, together with Franco Montanari, directs a large and most prestigious print publishing programme in Classical Studies. Both the Trends in Classics scholarly journal and the corresponding series of beautifully produced and refreshingly open- minded academic monographs(Trends inClassicsSupplementary Volumes) pro- videvaluableaccesstoessentialresearchworkbyleadingclassicalscholarson Greek and Latin literature and culture, thereby allowing new theoretical ap- proaches to be reconciled with traditional modes of study. ItisfairtosaythatAntoniosRengakoshashadhisheftyshareofaccolades andtributesinGreeceandabroad;nonetheless,hiselectionasatenuredmem- ber of the Academy of Athens in 2011, the Academia Europea in 2013, and the HeidelbergerAkademiederWissenschaftenin2016cameasthecrowningpoints ofhisprofessionalroadthatbeganmanyyearsago.AntoniosRengakos,aswell as having transformed the historical Department of Philology at the Aristotle UniversityofThessalonikithroughhiscontinuouseffortstoattractthemostgift- ed Greek scholars and to create a forum for academic research of the highest order, has shown himself to be an inspiration for his colleagues and students, therebyenablingagreatlyimprovedunderstandingnotjustofHomer’sownleg- acy,butalsooftheentireGreekliterature.Hisisarichandimportantcontribu- tiontoclassicallearningthatwillbecentraltoallfuturediscussionsofancient Greek texts. This volume includes twelve chapters treating various themes pertaining to HomerandtheHomericHymns.Theyclearlyfallwithinthebroadlydefinedcat- egoriesoftextandinterpretationoftheIliadandtheOdyssey,aswellastheHo- meric Hymns to Hermes and Aphrodite. Part I (Editingthe Odyssey; Homer at the Panathenaea: Some Possible Sce- narios) deals with the text of the Homeric epics. In light of his forthcoming edition of the Odyssey Martin West† presents some of the principles on which it is based.The fact that the Odyssey does not have its Venetus A and we are less well informed about it than is the case 4 Introduction with the Iliad has some consequences on the use of the sources available.One cardinalcaseisEustathius,whohastobeconsultedmoreoftenwhenoneispre- paring an edition of the Odyssey thanwhen doing the same thing for the Iliad. The reason is that in the latter case we have two tenth-century and six elev- enth-century MSS all predating Eusathius, while in the former we have one from the later tenth century, one from the eleventh, one from the twelfth, and the rest are later, Eustathius antedating all but two or three of them. West, whohasconsultedthelargestnumberofmanuscriptsandpapyriincomparison toallpreviouseditions,hasalsoembarkedonameticulousstudyofvariouspre- vious editions and especiallyearly modern editions ofHomer.On thisbasis,he arguesthatthereisreasontotacklevarioustetxualproblemsafreshandalsore- considersome brilliantemendationsmade by18thand 19thcenturyscholars.He alsodrawsattentiontothewayamoderneditorhastodealwithvariousfacetsof the modernization the text of Homer has suffered in antiquity. Margalit Finkelberg surveys the basic theories pertaining to the date of the Homericepicslayingemphasisonvarioustextual,iconographical,andperform- ative issues. She argues in favor of a seventh-century, rather than an early eighth- or late sixth-century dating, which is strongly suggested by the icono- graphical evidence. Finkelberg places much emphasis on the timespan needed forthediffusion,recognition,andimpactHomericepichadinsixth-centuryAth- ens.ThisoftenneglectedaspectoftheperformanceofHomerinthePanathenaea isofprimeimportanceforaseventh-centurydating,sinceitgivesampletimefor theHomerictraditiontobecomeinfluentialandisintunewithvaserepresenta- tions of Homeric themes which become known in the seventh century. Finkel- bergmaintainsthatonbalanceaseventh-centurydatingofatleasttheIliad‘al- lowsforaconsiderablywidermarginforaccommodatingthelinguisticevidence as regards the relative chronologyof the early hexameter poetry’. Part II contains five interpretive studies, of which three pertain to the Iliad (TheFailedEmbassy:AchillesintheIliad;HectorandtheRaceHorse:TheTele- scopicVisionintheIliad;HomericFate,HomericPoetics)andtwototheOdyssey (The Apologos of Odysseus: Tradition and Conspiracy Theories; Achilles and Odysseus’ Revenge). FrancoMontanaristudiesoneofthemostfamousepisodeintheentireIliad, theembassytoAchilles,withakeeneyeforthedeploymentoftheactionandthe laterIliadic nonsequiturpertainingtoAchillesstill“waiting”for asupplication bytheAchaeans.Montanariarguesthatthefailedembassyisaninventionofthe poet of the Iliad,who is for him the person responsible for the final shapingof theepicasweknowit.Afterembarkingonaminuteexaminationofthevarious aspectsofthecourseofactionaftertheactualembassy,Montanarisuggeststhat its aim is to“fail”.The impasse at which things find themselves heightens the
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