The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences [4 Volume Set] PDF
Preview The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences [4 Volume Set]
The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences Volume I The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences Volume I Models and Theories Editors in Chief Bernardo J. Carducci and Christopher S. Nave Volume Editors: Jeffrey S. Mio Ronald E. Riggio This edition first published 2020 © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. The right of Bernardo J. Carducci and Christopher S. Nave to be identified as the author(s) of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with law. 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Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data has been applied for Hardback ISBN: 9781119057505 Cover Design: Wiley Cover Image: © johnwoodcock/Getty Images Set in 9.5/12.5pt STIXTwoText by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 v Contents Contributor Biographies ix Gordon Allport 1 Roy F. Baumeister 11 Jack Block 17 David M. Buss 21 Paul T. Costa Jr. 25 Robert McCrae 29 Ed Diener 35 Erik H. Erikson 45 Hans J. Eysenck 51 David Funder 57 Lewis R. Goldberg 63 Karen Horney 67 Carl Jung 73 Abraham H. Maslow 79 Dan McAdams 83 Walter Mischel 89 vi Contents Carl Rogers 95 George Kelly 101 Agreeableness 105 Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler 111 Animal Personalities 117 Conscientiousness 123 Cognitive-Affective Processing System (CAPS) 129 Cattell Trait Theory Lexical Analysis 135 Interpersonal Circumplex 141 Psychodynamic Perspective of Defense Mechanisms 147 Delay of Gratification 153 Extraversion – Introversion 159 Ego Control/Ego Resiliency Theory (ARCH) 165 Emotional Intelligence 173 Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development 179 Evolutionary Theory of Personality 185 Psychoticism 199 Five Factor Model, Facets of 203 Gender Differences in Personality, Evolutionary Perspective on 209 Contemporary Theories of Gender Identity 215 Gene-environment Interaction 221 Goldberg vs Costa/McCrae Five Factors 225 Grit 231 Contents vii Hedonic Adaptation 237 Heritability 243 HEXACO Model of Personality 249 Independent/Interdependent Self 257 Personal Construct Theory of George A. Kelly 263 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 269 Meaning in Life 275 Neuroticism 281 Narrative Approach 287 Openness 293 Optimism/Pessimism Carver and Scheier Theory 299 Personal Projects 305 Personality and Language 311 Personality Stability and Change over Time 317 Personality in Culture 323 Personality Stability over Time 329 Priming 335 Realistic Accuracy Model 341 Rejection Sensitivity 351 Resilience Theory of, Not Just the Trait Dimension 357 Schemas, Theory of 363 Self-Determination Theory 369 Self-efficacy Theory 375 viii Contents Self-esteem, Theory of 381 Self-Monitoring, Theory of 387 Self-other Interjudge Agreement; Theory of Accuracy 393 Self-Presentation Theory/Impression Management 397 Social Learning Theory/Social Cognitive Theory 401 Terror Management Theory 407 Trait Theory of Allport 413 Whole Trait Theory 417 Index 423 ix Contributor Biographies Kiki Adams is a Computational Linguist and Data Scientist who specializes in psychology and natural language processing. Kiki is Head of Science at Receptiviti, where her team discovers and develops innovative ways to use language in modelling cognition, emotion, personality, and behavioral patterns to solve diverse business problems. Audrey E. Aday, BA, is a graduate student in social/personality psychology at the University of British Columbia. Jonathan M. Adler is an associate professor of psychology at Olin College of Engineering. He is also an associate editor of Journal of Personality, visiting associate professor of medi- cine at Harvard Medical School, and chief academic officer of the Health Story Collaborative. His research focuses on narrative identity development and its association with psychological well‐being. Currently, his research examines embodied aspects of identity, including the life narratives of people with disabilities. Sara G. Alves (Master’s student, University of Porto) is a student of psychology, specializ- ing in the area of social, organizational, and work psychology, in the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Porto. Her research interests include political psychology and group processes, as well as the development and elimination of prejudice. Currently she is working on a paper about social representations of sport by disabled ath- letes and is aiming to continue in postgraduate education. Michael C. Ashton is a professor of psychology at Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. He received his PhD from the University of Western Ontario. He is the author of the textbook Individual Differences and Personality and co‐author (with Kibeom Lee) of The H Factor of Personality. Sarah E. Babcock is a PhD candidate at the University of Western Ontario in the social‐ personality and developmental psychology area. Her research interests include individual differences, cognitive ability assessment, scale development, and student resilience. Her recent publications include C. A. Wilson, S. E. Babcock, & D. H., Saklofske (2019) “Sinking or swimming in an academic pool: A study of resiliency and student success in first‐year undergraduates” (Journal of Higher Education), S. E. Babcock et al., (2018) “WISC‐V Canadian norms: Relevance and use in the assessment of Canadian children” (Canadian x Contributor Biographies Journal of Behavioural Science) and S. E. Babcock et al. (2017) “Test review: School motiva- tion and learning strategies inventory (SMALSI): College form” (Canadian Journal of School Psychology). She previously worked for Pearson Clinical Assessment as project coor- dinator for Canadian adaptations of intelligence and behavioral assessment tools. Anjana Balakrishnan (MSc in Psychology‐Personality and Measurement, the University of Western Ontario, 2015) completed her PhD in Social Psychology with a specialization in Migration and Ethnic Relations at the University of Western Ontario. Anjana is a mem- ber of the Canadian Psychological Association and a member of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Her research interests lie in the study of student success, interna- tional students, immigration, prejudice, how personality and culture interact to exert influence in life domains, and intercultural and interethnic relations. Sanna Balsari‐Palsule has a PhD from the Department of Psychology at the University of Cambridge. Her research interests include examining the dynamics of personality in organizations, such as the benefits and costs of enacting extraversion in the workplace on well‐being and performance outcomes. Rachele Benjamin is a PhD student in social/personality psychology at the University of British Columbia. She is a member of the Culture and Self lab. Her research focuses on responses to threat and perceived meaninglessness, as well as the processing of uncertainty across cultures. Aaron Bermond is a PhD student at the University of Southern Mississippi. His current research interests lie in understanding the underlying factors that motivate media use and attachment. Navjot Bhullar, PhD, is an associate professor of psychology at the University of New England, Australia. Her research focuses on examining a range of psychological, emotional, and environmental factors influencing mental health and well‐being. Julia K. Boehm is an assistant professor of psychology at Chapman University. She received her PhD in psychology from the University of California, Riverside and was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard School of Public Health. Dr. Boehm’s research centers broadly on well‐being and investigates how people can thrive both mentally and physi- cally. Specifically, her research examines whether psychological characteristics such as optimism and life satisfaction are associated with improved cardiovascular health. She is also interested in the behavioral and biological processes that are relevant for cardio- vascular health. She has authored an extensive review in Psychological Bulletin on these topics. Ryan L. Boyd is an assistant professor of behavioral analytics at Lancaster University in the United Kingdom. Dr. Boyd’s research spans the areas of language analysis, personality processes, motivation and emotion, and assessment methods. His recent work has primar- ily focused on using language analysis paired with machine learning and big data tech- niques to explore motivational processes in domains such as forensic psychology and social/personality psychology. He is the co‐creator of several text analysis programs and paradigms, including the Meaning Extraction Helper and LIWC2015.
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