The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of The Treatment of Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of The Treatment of Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety Edited by Cecilia A. Essau and Thomas H. Ollendick A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication Thiseditionfirstpublished2013 (cid:2)C 2013JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd. Wiley-BlackwellisanimprintofJohnWiley&Sons,formedbythemergerofWiley’sglobalScientific, TechnicalandMedicalbusinesswithBlackwellPublishing. RegisteredOffice JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK EditorialOffices 350MainStreet,Malden,MA02148-5020,USA 9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservices,andforinformationabouthowtoapply forpermissiontoreusethecopyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteat www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. 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III.Title:Handbookofthetreatmentofchildhoodandadolescentanxiety. RJ506.A58W552013 618.92(cid:3)8522–dc23 2012030891 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. Coverimage:(cid:2)C TimRobberts/GettyImages. CoverdesignbyCyanDesign. Setin10/12.5ptGalliardbyAptaraInc.,NewDelhi,India 1 2013 Contents AbouttheEditors ix ListofContributors xi Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii SectionI 1 ClassificationofAnxietyDisordersinChildrenandAdolescents 1 CeciliaA.Essau,BeatrizOlaya,andThomasH.Ollendick 2 Epidemiology,ComorbidityandMentalHealthServicesUtilization 23 CeciliaA.EssauandJheanellGabbidon 3 CourseandOutcomeofChildandAdolescentAnxiety 43 LauraD.SeligmanandJessicaL.Gahr SectionII 4 GeneticandEnvironmentalInfluencesonChildandAdolescentAnxiety 69 HelenaM.S.Zavos,ThaliaC.Eley,andAliceM.Gregory 5 NeurobiologyofPaediatricAnxiety 89 JasperB.Zantvoord,RamonJ.L.Lindauer,MirteJ.Bakker,andFritsBoer 6 InterpersonalandSocialFactorsintheTreatmentofChildand AdolescentAnxietyDisorders 117 ThomasH.OllendickandShin-ichiIshikawa 7 InformationProcessingBiases 141 PeterMurisandAndyField 8 CulturalFactorsandAnxietyinChildrenandAdolescents:Implications forTreatment 157 CeciliaA.Essau,XeniaAnastassiou-Hadjicharalambous,Constantina Demetriou,andKaterePourseied vi Contents SectionIII 9 Evidence-BasedAssessmentandCaseFormulationforChildhood AnxietyDisorders 177 BryceD.McLeod,AmandaJensen-Doss,EmilyWheat,andEmilyM.Becker 10 EmpiricallySupportedPsychosocialTreatments 207 KatharinaManassis 11 PharmacologicalTreatmentofAnxietyDisordersinChildren andAdolescents 229 BorisBirmaherandDaraSakolsky 12 CoolTeens:AComputerizedInterventionforAnxiousAdolescents 249 VivianaM.Wuthrich,MichaelJ.Cunningham,andRonaldM.Rapee 13 BibliotherapyforAnxiousandPhobicYouth 275 MaryCoffman,FrankAndrasik,andThomasH.Ollendick SectionIV 14 SeparationAnxietyDisorder 301 SilviaSchneiderandKristenL.Lavallee 15 SocialAnxietyDisorder 335 DeborahC.Beidel,CandiceA.Alfano,andBrianE.Bunnell 16 SpecificPhobias 353 MariaJ.W.CowartandThomasH.Ollendick 17 GeneralizedAnxietyDisorder 369 KendraL.Read,ChiayingWei,CourtneyL.Benjamin,MatthewP. Mychailyszyn,andPhilipC.Kendall 18 Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder 393 PhoebeS.Moore,MartinE.Franklin,JenniferFreeman,andJohnMarch 19 PanicDisorder 423 AlexanderH.QueenandJillEhrenreich-May 20 Post-TraumaticStressDisorder 451 WilliamYule,PatrickSmith,SeanPerrin,andDavidM.Clark 21 SchoolRefusal 471 DavidA.HeyneandFloorM.Sauter SectionV 22 AnxietyPreventioninSchoolChildrenandAdolescents: TheFRIENDSProgram 519 CristinaAkikoIizuka,PaulaBarrett,andKateMorris Contents vii 23 PreventionofAnxietyinChildrenandAdolescentswithAutismand AspergerSyndrome 545 TonyAttwoodandKateSofronoff 24 CBTInterventionforAnxietyinChildrenandAdolescentswith WilliamsSyndrome 559 CeciliaA.EssauandElenaLonghi Index 575 About the Editors Cecilia A. Essau, PhD obtained her undergraduate and MA degrees in Psychol- ogy from Lakehead University (Canada), her PhD from the University of Konstanz (Germany), and her post-doctoral degree (Qualification for tenure-track professor- shipsinGermany)fromtheUniversityofBremen(Germany).Shehasheldnumerous academicpositionsinCanadian,Austrian,andGermanuniversitiesbeforejoiningthe UniversityofRoehamptonin2004asaProfessorofDevelopmentalPsychopathology. At the University of Roehampton, she is also the Director of the Centre for Applied ResearchandAssessmentinChildandAdolescentWellbeing(CARACAW). With research grants from numerous national and international institutions, her research has focused on understanding the interacting factors that can lead children and adolescents to have serious emotional and behavioural problems and using this researchto(a)enhancetheassessmentofchildhoodandadolescentpsychopathology and (b) design more effective interventions to prevent and treat such problems. She haspublishedmorethan180articlesineitherpeer-reviewedjournalsorbookchapters ineditedvolumes,and15books. Thomas H. Ollendick, PhD, is University Distinguished Professor in Clinical Psy- chologyandDirectoroftheChildStudyCenteratVirginiaPolytechnicInstituteand State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. He is the author or co-author of over 300 research publications, 75 book chapters, and 25 books. He is the past Editor of the Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, past Associate Editor of the Journal of ConsultingandClinicalPsychology,currentEditorofBehaviorTherapy,andfounding Co-EditorofClinicalChildandFamilyPsychologyReview.Healsoservesontheedi- torialboardsof12otherjournals.Inaddition,heisPast-PresidentoftheAssociation for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy (1995), the Society of Clinical Psychol- ogy (1999), the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (2003), and mostrecentlytheSocietyfortheScienceofClinicalPsychology(2010).Therecipient of several NIMH grants, his clinical and research interests range from the study of diverseformsofchildpsychopathologytotheassessment,treatment,andprevention ofthesechilddisordersfromasociallearning/socialcognitivetheoryperspective.He isafrequentspeakeratnationalandinternationalconferences.Heholdsanhonorary adjunctpositionatRoehamptonUniversity. List of Contributors CandiceA.Alfano,UniversityofHouston,USA XeniaAnastassiou-Hadjicharalambous,UniversityofNicosia,Cyprus FrankAndrasik,UniversityofMemphis,USA TonyAttwood,TheAsperger’sSyndromeClinic,Queensland,Australia MirteJ.Bakker,St.RadboudUniversityMedicalCentre,Nijmegen,TheNetherlands PaulaBarrett,PathwaysHealthandResearchCentre,Queensland,Australia EmilyM.Becker,UniversityofMiami,USA DeborahC.Beidel,UniversityofCentralFlorida,USA CourtneyL.Benjamin,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,USA BorisBirmaher,UniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter,USA Frits Boer, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), University of Amsterdam & Depart- mentofChildandAdolescentPsychiatry,AMC-deBascule,TheNetherlands BrianE.Bunnell,UniversityofCentralFlorida,USA DavidM.Clark,InstituteofPsychiatry,London,UK MaryCoffman,IndependentPractice,WestUnion,SouthCarolina,USA MariaJ.W.Cowart,VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity,USA MichaelJ.Cunningham,MacquarieUniversity,Sydney,Australia JillEhrenreich-May,UniversityofMiami,Florida,USA ConstantinaDemetriou,UniversityofRoehampton,UK ThaliaC.Eley,MRCSocialGeneticandDevelopmentalPsychiatryCentre,Institute ofPsychiatry,King’sCollegeLondon,UK xii ListofContributors CeciliaA.Essau,UniversityofRoehampton,UK AndyField,UniversityofSussex,UK MartinE.Franklin,UniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine,USA JenniferFreeman,AlpertMedicalSchoolofBrownUniversity&RhodeIslandHos- pital,USA JheanellGabbidon,InstituteofPsychiatry,London,UK JessicaL.Gahr,UniversityofToledo,Ohio,USA AliceM.Gregory,Goldsmiths,UniversityofLondon,UK DavidA.Heyne,LeidenUniversityInstituteofPsychology,TheNetherlands CristinaAkikoIizuka,PathwaysHealthandResearchCentre,Queensland,Australia Shin-ichiIshikawa,DoshishaUniversity,Japan AmandaJensen-Doss,UniversityofMiami,USA PhilipC.Kendall,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,USA KristenL.Lavallee,UniversityofBasel,Switzerland Ramon J.L. Lindauer,AcademicMedicalCentre(AMC),UniversityofAmsterdam &DepartmentofChildandAdolescentPsychiatry,AMC-deBascule,TheNetherlands ElenaLonghi,Universita` degliStudidiMilano-Bicocca,Italy KatharinaManassis,TheHospitalforSickChildren,Toronto,Canada JohnMarch,DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,USA BryceD.McLeod,VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity,USA PhoebeS.Moore,UniversityofMassachusettsMedicalSchool,USA KateMorris,PathwaysHealthandResearchCentre,Queensland,Australia PeterMuris,MaastrichtUniversity,TheNetherlands MatthewP.Mychailyszyn,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,USA BeatrizOlaya,CIBERenSaludMental(CIBERSAM),Spain ThomasH.Ollendick,VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity,USA SeanPerrin,InstituteofPsychiatry,London,UK KaterePourseied,UniversityofRoehampton,UK AlexanderH.Queen,UniversityofMiami,Florida,USA RonaldM.Rapee,MacquarieUniversity,Sydney,Australia KendraL.Read,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,USA DaraSakolsky,UniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter,USA ListofContributors xiii FloorM.Sauter,LeidenUniversityInstituteofPsychology,TheNetherlands SilviaSchneider,UniversityofBochum,Germany LauraD.Seligman,UniversityofToledo,Ohio,USA PatrickSmith,InstituteofPsychiatry,London,UK KateSofronoff,TheUniversityofQueensland,Australia ChiayingWei,TempleUniversity,Philadelphia,USA EmilyWheat,VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity,USA VivianaM.Wuthrich,MacquarieUniversity,Sydney,Australia WilliamYule,InstituteofPsychiatry,London,UK JasperB.Zantvoord,AcademicMedicalCentre(AMC),UniversityofAmsterdam& DepartmentofChildandAdolescentPsychiatry,AMC-deBascule,TheNetherlands Helena M. S. Zavos, MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, InstituteofPsychiatry,King’sCollegeLondon,UK
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