The Western Mediterranean Kingdoms: The Struggle for Dominion, 1200-1500 PDF
Preview The Western Mediterranean Kingdoms: The Struggle for Dominion, 1200-1500
an informa business R o u t le d g e www.routledge.com THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN KINGDOMS 1200-1500 THE MEDIEVAL WORLD Editor: David Bates Already published CNUT The Danes in England in the early eleventh century M.K. Lawson THE FORMATION OF THE ENGLISH COMMON LAW Law and Society in England from the Norman Conquest to Magna Carta John Hudson KING JOHN Ralph V. Turner WILLIAM MARSHAL Court, Career and Chivalry in the Angevin Empire 1147-1219 David Crouch ENGLISH NOBLEWOMEN IN THE LATER MIDDLE AGES Jennifer C. Ward BASTARD FEUDALISM Michael Hicks CHARLES THE BALD Janet Nelson JUSTINIAN John Moorhead INNOCENT III Leader of Europe 1198-1216 Jane Sayers THE FRIARS The Impact of the Early Mendicant Movement on Western Society C.H. Lawrence MEDIEVAL CANON LAW James A. Brundage THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN KINGDOMS 1200-1500 The Struggle for Dominion David Abulafia THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN KINGDOMS 1200-1500 The Struggle for Dominion David Abulafia I~ ~~o~;~;n~~:up LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 1997 by Pearson Education Limited Published 2014 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 USA Routledge is an imprint oft he Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business ISBN: 978-1-315-84528-9 (eTSBN) © Taylor & Francis 1997 The right of David Abulafia to be identified as author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd., 90 Totten ham Court Road, London WI P OLP. ISBN 978-0-582-07821-5 CSD 978-0-582-07820-8 PPR British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Abulafia, David The western Mediterranean kingdoms, 1200-1500: the struggle for dominion I David Abulafia. p. em. - (The Medieval world) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-582-07821-0 (hardcover).-ISBN 0-582-07820-2 (pbk) 1. Western Mediterranean- Histoq; Militaq: 2. Civilization, Medieval. 3. Kings and rulers, Medieval-Biography 4. Normans- Western Mediterranean. 5. Royal houses-Europe, Western. I. Title. II. Series. DE94.A38 1997 940'.09822-dc21 97-20258 CIP 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 04 03 02 01 00 Set by 35 in ll/ 12 pt Baskerville Produced by Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd. In memory of R.C. Smail The wisdom of man is to be found in his writings, And the tip of his pen carries understanding, So that with his pen as his staff he can ascend As high as the sceptre in the hand of a king. Samuel ibn Naghrila ha-Nagid, vizier of Granada (993-1056) Page Intentionally Left Blank CONTENTS List of Maps X Genealogical Tables Xl Editor's Preface xiii Author's Preface XV PART ONE THIRTEENTH- CENTURY CHALLENGES CHAPTER 1 The Origins of the Sicilian Kingdom 3 The lure of the South 3 Land and people 6 The Norman state 8 The coming of the Hohenstaufen 14 Frederick II 15 Frederick's inheritance in Italy 23 Conclusion 26 CHAPTER 2 The Emergence of Aragon-Catalonia 28 The coming together of Aragon and Catalonia 28 Peter II in southern France 35 James the Conqueror in Majorca 37 James the Conqueror in Valencia 41 James the Conqueror and France 46 The rise of Barcelona 50 Conclusion 55 CHAPTER 3 The Rise and Fall of Charles of Arljou 57 The search for a champion 57 vii THE \\'ESTERN MEDITERR-\!\'EAN KINGDOMS 1200-1 !iOO A Mediterranean empire in the making 62 Trouble at home 66 The aftermath of the revolt of the Vespers 79 Conclusion 80 CHAPTER 4 Politics and Religion in the Era of Ramon Llull 82 The triumph of Peter the Great 82 Peter's legacy 87 The three religions in Spain 88 Ramon Llull 94 Abraham Abulafia 101 Conclusion 103 PART TWO FOURTEENTH CENTURY CRISES CHAPTER 5 The Mediterranean in the Age of James II of Aragon 107 The end of the war of the Vespers l 07 Charles II and the Eastern question 112 James the Honest, 1291-1327 1 Ei The Catalan Company in Greece 118 The invasion of Sardinia 123 The golden age of Catalan trade 127 Conclusion 131 CHAPTER 6 Robert the Wise of Naples, 1309-43 133 Henry VII and the Italian crisis 133 Guelfs, Ghibellines and King Robert 138 The crusade against Sicily 144 The king and the bankers 146 A wise king: Robert and the arts 151 Conclusion 154 CHAPTER 7 Sicily and Southern Italy in an Age of Disorder 156 The island kingdom of Sicily in the fourteenth century 156 Southern Italy under Joanna I 162 The rise of the house of Anjou-Durazzo 166 Conclusion I 70 Vlll CONTENTS CHAPTER 8 The End of the House of Barcelona 172 Peter the Ceremonious, 1336-87 172 Martin the Elder 182 The Compromise of Caspe 186 Conclusion 190 PART THREE FIITEENTH- CENTURY VICTORIES CHAPTER 9 Alfonso the Magnanimous and the Fall of the House of Anjou 195 , Joanna II, 'The Straw Queen 195 Rene of Anjou 197 The conquest of Naples 204 The Catalan crisis 215 Conclusion 220 CHAPTER 10 Aragon in Italy and Spain, 1458-94 223 Ferrante of Naples 223 Recovery in Aragon 235 Conclusion 243 CHAPTER 11 The French Invasion of Italy, 1494-95 246 Tensions in Italy 246 The fall of Naples to the French 253 Conclusion 257 General Conclusion 259 Further Reading 263 Maps 281 Genealogical Tables 287 Index 293 IX
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