The Week Junior UK - 17 September 2022

32 Pages·2022·41.5 MB·English

This week’s big news
Tributes to the Queen
The Queen’s coffin
in Edinburgh.
“I was a Queen’s Guard for 14
years. I was on the job when
Her Majesty came up to me and
cracked a joke. She had such a
great sense of humour.”
Ian-Norman Moore
“When she met you and
spoke with you, she looked
straight into your eyes and you
could see she was genuinely
chuffed you had come to see
her. She had this big beaming
smile and radiated warmth
and genuineness.”
Kelly Ann Martin
Tributes paid to Queen Elizabeth II
On 8 September, it was announced that Queen Balmoral Castle, Buckingham Palace and Windsor Commons to pay tribute to her, sharing stories of her
Elizabeth II had died at the age of 96. She Castle, to lay flowers for the Queen and pay tribute to kindness, warmth and sense of humour.
had been Queen for 70 years and was Britain’s her. Some people left Paddington Bear toys
How have people around the world reacted?
longest-serving monarch (king or queen). and marmalade sandwiches, a
On 10 September, Prince Charles was reminder of her tea party with As well as the UK, the Queen was the official head of
proclaimed (officially declared) Paddington during her Platinum state in 14 countries, including Australia, Canada and
as King Charles III. Jubilee celebrations earlier this Jamaica. These are known as Commonwealth
year. Liz Truss, the new Prime Realms. Jamaica’s prime minister, Andrew Holness,
What happened?
Minister, said in a statement, said, “She formed a special bond with the people of
At 6.30pm, Buckingham Palace
“Queen Elizabeth II was the Jamaica during her reign. We are saddened that we
released a statement to say that
rock on which modern Britain will not see her light again, but we will remember her
the Queen had died. She died
was built. Our country has historic reign.” Leaders of other countries around the
peacefully at Balmoral Castle in
grown and flourished under her world have also paid their respects. Emmanuel
Scotland. Members of her family were
reign.” Keir Starmer, the leader of Macron, the president of France, described her as a
there, including the new King – Queen
Signing a book the Labour Party, said, “For 70 years, “friend of France” and a “kind-hearted queen”. The
Elizabeth’s eldest son Charles.
of condolence.
Queen Elizabeth II stood as the head US president, Joe Biden, said she was a “steadying
How did people in the UK respond?
of our country, but, in spirit, she stood amongst us.” presence and a source of comfort and pride for
People have gathered outside royal homes, including On 9 September, MPs gathered in the House of generations of Britons”.
Queen Elizabeth II’s life
Elizabeth II’s early life A royal wedding Coronation
Elizabeth was born on 21 Elizabeth married After the death
April 1926. When her uncle, Philip Mountbatten of her father,
King Edward VIII, abdicated at Westminster Abbey King George VI,
(stepped down from the on 20 November 1947. in 1952, Elizabeth
throne), her father became On the day before their became Queen
King George VI. Elizabeth wedding, Philip was at the age of 25.
was the elder of the new given a number of Her coronation
King’s two daughters so she royal titles, including took place on
became heir to the throne. Duke of Edinburgh. 2 June 1953.
2 The Week Junior • 17 September 2022
This week’s big news
R OYA L
What is the mourning period? E D U C AT I O N
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rounds – one round to mark every year of the Queen’s
life. On 12 September there was a procession in
Edinburgh during which her coffin was taken from the
Palace of Holyroodhouse to St Giles’ Cathedral, where
it stayed for 24 hours for people to pay their respects.
The coffin was then flown to RAF Northolt near
London on 13 September. It was driven from Northolt
to Buckingham Palace, and people lined the streets
along the 14-mile route to watch it go past. The coffin
was draped with the royal standard (the monarch’s
official flag) and carried in a special lit-up car. On
14 September, it was moved from Buckingham
Palace to Westminster Hall, the oldest part of the
Houses of Parliament, where it will “lie in state” so
that people can visit and pay their respects before
the funeral on 19 September. The day of the funeral
Charles makes his first
will be a bank holiday, which means that schools and
televised address as King.
most businesses will be closed.
What happens next?
temperatures). He has worked with more than 400
Who is the new monarch?
charities and has his own charity, called the Prince’s Some things will change now that the country has a
Immediately after her death, the Queen’s Trust, which helps young people aged 13–30 to new monarch. There are 29 billion coins in the UK –
eldest son, Charles, became King. On 10 gain better education and job opportunities. and around 4.5 billion banknotes – that have Queen
September, a ceremony was held to Elizabeth ll’s face on them. Eventually, new notes and
How has King Charles
proclaim him as King at St James’s coins will be made with King Charles’s face on them.
started his reign?
Palace in London. Across the Postage stamps, which also feature the Queen’s face,
UK, officials in uniforms On 9 September, King will change as well. The national anthem, which was
formally announced that Charles III and the Queen God Save the Queen for 70 years, has changed to God
King Charles III had taken Consort travelled to Save the King. The coronation of King Charles III (a
the throne. King Charles’s Buckingham Palace. They ceremony where the crown is placed on the new
wife, Camilla, has been greeted crowds outside, monarch’s head) is expected to be in 2023.
given the title of Queen who had gathered to pay After the funeral, the royal family will continue a
Consort, which means the tribute to the Queen and period of mourning for another seven days. For
K wife of a ruling monarch. show their support for the those who want to pay their respects, books of
C
O
RST The King is 73 years old new King. That evening, condolence (where people can write a message)
E
HUTT and has been heir (next in Charles made his first televised have been opened by local councils in libraries,
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Golden Jubilee Prince Philip’s funeral Platinum Jubilee
In 2002, Queen The Queen’s husband This year, the Queen
Elizabeth II died on 9 April 2021, and marked 70 years of
celebrated 50 years his funeral was held on her reign with a special
on the throne. 17 April 2021. Only 30 bank holiday weekend
Special tea parties people were allowed to in June. She said she
were held at several go to the church service was ”humbled
royal palaces, where because of Covid-19 and deeply
around 160,000 cups restrictions that were touched” by the
of tea were served. in place at the time. celebrations.
17 September 2022 • The Week Junior
This week’s big news
What is fracking?
W E R F U L
PCOO U N T R I E S
enTehfrogely lwo pwoarornelddddu ’Isbcn yebd ritig ahisg.e eC UshtSi n a,
A fracking site
in England.
Part of Liz Truss’s energy plan is
to remove the ban on fracking.
This is a way of getting energy
by drilling deep underground to
break up a rock called shale and
extract the gas inside it. Many
people are against fracking
because it can cause earth
tremors (small earthquakes).
Also, shale gas is a fossil fuel,
so using it will add to climate
change (long-term changes
in world weather patterns).
Fracking took place in the UK
until 2019, when the Government
banned it because of tremors.
Truss wants the UK to be an
Liz Truss explaining energy exporter (a country that
her energy plan. sells energy to other countries).
PM announces energy plan
On 8 September, Prime Minister Liz Truss average of £3,549 a year – an increase of 80%. aren’t rising as fast, meaning that many are finding
announced that the cost of energy for households However, although an average household will now it hard to afford food and fuel. This winter, some
– which powers things such as lights, heating and only pay £2,500, larger households could pay more. people may have to choose between buying food
kitchen appliances – will be “frozen”. This means that Truss also announced a scheme to help and turning on the heating. The war in Ukraine is
it won’t be allowed to go any higher. businesses, charities and public buildings, such making problems worse because many countries are
as libraries, too. It is not yet clear how the not buying Russian fuel. This means there
What is Liz Truss’s plan?
Government will pay for the support it is is more demand for energy from other
The price of energy in the UK has been rising a lot providing. Truss has rejected the idea places, making it more expensive.
over the past few months. Truss has promised to that energy companies should give
How have people reacted?
prevent this price from going higher. This will mean extra money to the Government
that an average household will pay no more than (known as a windfall tax) to pay Sir Keir Starmer, leader of the
£2,500 for its energy each year for the next two years. for the support. Many energy Labour Party, criticised Truss’s
“This is the moment to be bold,” Truss said. The freeze companies have made a lot of policy, saying, “It won’t be
will begin from 1 October. money from rising prices. Some cheap”. He questioned whether
MPs and charities say the public ordinary people would end
How will the plan affect people?
will end up paying for the plan up paying the money back to
The Government says that the plan could save through taxes in the future. the Government in the future.
the average household in England, Scotland and Sir Keir One survey of the public found that
Why is the plan needed? Starmer
Wales £1,000 a year, compared with the bills if the around 24% believed that the plan would
Government had done nothing. It hopes to provide The plan is needed because of the rapidly rising cost do enough to help them. Ken Taylor, who is retired,
the “same level of support” to people in Northern of energy, which is part of a global problem with the thinks the plan doesn’t go far enough. He told The
Ireland, where energy is bought separately from the cost of food and fuel. “Inflation” is when prices for Guardian newspaper, “I’m disappointed that (the
rest of the UK. Before the announcement, energy things go up, and it is happening much faster than Prime Minister) doesn’t grasp what is happening to
costs for households were expected to rise to an usual. However, wages (the money people earn) ordinary people at the moment.”
4 The Week Junior • 17 September 2022
This week’s big news
Ukraine takes land
Outside the
back from Russia D I D YO U ancient city.
W ?
K N O
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Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky said,
“From the beginning of September until today, our
warriors have already liberated more than 6,000
square kilometres of the territory of Ukraine.”
Ukrainian troops are believed to have taken villages,
towns and cities back from Russian control, including
the town of Izium, from where lots of supplies were
being sent on to Russian soldiers.
However, Russia has responded to Ukraine’s
successes by firing missiles at Kharkiv’s power
stations, cutting off power supplies and leaving some
Ancient city is open to visitors
areas without electricity. Russian forces have also
tried to cut off water supplies. Although the media
in other countries cannot confirm Ukraine’s progress,
an organisation called the Institute for the Study of The ancient city of Hatra, in northern Iraq, is open the Sun was setting. The tourists took selfies in front
War said, “Ukrainian forces have inflicted a major to visitors again after its temples and statues of old buildings and inspected parts of the city that
operational defeat on Russia, recapturing almost all were attacked by the Islamic State (IS) five had been damaged by IS.
the Kharkiv area.” years ago. IS is an armed group whose Luna Batota, from Belgium, said the
members hold extreme religious city is like a window to an ancient
President beliefs. The group tried to civilisation. “A lot of history
Zelensky destroy ancient buildings and but at the same time a lot of
monuments before it was unfortunate events took place
defeated in the region in 2019. here,” she said.
Built about 2,000 years A sculpture and decorations
ago, Hatra used to be an from one of the temples were
important religious and trading restored earlier this year, and
centre. Ancient temples (places of more tourists are expected to visit.
religious worship) are surrounded by The UK Government says it is too
a thick wall that once protected the city Hatra from dangerous for people to travel to Iraq,
above.
from attacks. A local museum now hopes to which is still recovering from years of war.
boost tourism in the area, and it recently organised a However, it is hoped that soon more people will be
tour that allowed 40 visitors to walk around Hatra as able to discover Iraq’s rich history.
IT’S AN AMAZING WEEK FOR…
FINDING GOLD UNDER THE FLOOR
A couple in North Yorkshire, England, found
A CAT THAT LIKES TAKING BUSES
an old cup containing more than 260 gold
A three-legged cat who likes going by bus coins under the floor of their home when
travelled 42 miles on one to Bristol Airport. they were having it relaid. The rare coins are
When Bagheera didn’t come home, his owner expected to fetch around £250,000 in total
posted a message on social media. Someone when they are sold. Some of the coins had
NPS working near the airport had seen the cat, so spelling mistakes on them, and one coin is so
B
E ·
PIC he was reunited with his happy owner. rare that it could be worth £4,000 on its own.
OS
N’S H Barbara
AN Thackray Hidden under
ORT · ST A GRANDMOTHER WHO LOVES TO RUN the floor.
P
R
AI
OL An 84-year-old granny from Greater Manchester,
RIST
ES · B England, achieved a personal best for running
G
A six miles in one hour and 30 minutes. Barbara
M
Y I
ETT Thackray only began running when she was 77
G
CK · and ran 12 miles a week during lockdown. She
O
RST says her hobby helps keep her body going and
E
UTT Bagheera
H it’s a good way to raise money for charity.
X S
E
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17 September 2022 • The Week Junior 5
Around the world
New York, US France
Stolen art returned to Italy Swimming pools close
Several museums and collectors have returned stolen More than 30 swimming pools in
ancient art worth around £16 million to Italy. The 58 items France have been closed because of
included a 1st century bronze statue of a man, a drinking rising energy costs. The company that
cup and a marble head of the Greek goddess Athena. operates them said it had to cut
Italian official Fabrizio di Michele said, “These masterpieces energy use after its fuel bill went up
are an invaluable treasure of our history and heritage.” from £13 million to £87 million. The
closing of pools has been criticised.
Some of
The French Swimming Federation said,
the items.
“These closures directly impact
children and adults who won’t be able
to learn to swim.”
Zapata Swamp, Cuba
Protecting rare Cuban crocodiles
Conservationists are trying to protect endangered Cuban
crocodiles. The animals are threatened by illegal hunting
and habitat loss. The Cuban government has set up a
programme that releases hundreds of young crocodiles
into the wild each year. Scientist Etiam Perez said, “We are
trying to bring them back from the edge of extinction.”
A young
Cuban croc.
Brazil
Runaway manatee found
A runaway manatee called Tico has turned up after a
two-month search. Instead of staying in shallow waters
where manatees usually live, Tico swam out into the
ocean. A tracking device showed he had swum all the way
to Venezuela. “Tico has clocked over 2,500 miles, which is Kenya
amazing,” said Dr Reia Guppy, who helped rescue him. Tourism boost Zebras in a
wildlife reserve.
Kenya has earned £1.2 billion from N
V.I
O
tourism so far this year, more than A.G
double what it made last year. Nearly ALVIST
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one million people visited between ENT
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January and August. Kenya is known GES ·
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for wildlife reserves like the Masai Y I
ETT
Mara, which is home to giraffes, lions K · G
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O
and zebras. Tourism is an important RST
E
industry for Kenya. It brings in money UTT
H
from visitors, creates jobs and helps EX S
R
A manatee. people understand wildlife better. ERS ·
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6 The Week Junior • 17 September 2022
Around the world
Haarlem, Gardez, Afghanistan
the Netherlands Haarlem Girls protest school closures
Meat adverts to be banned
Schoolgirls held a protest in Afghanistan’s Paktia province
A political party hopes to ban meat after the Taliban government closed their schools. The
advertisements in the city of Haarlem. government promised to allow girls’ education when it
Meat production releases greenhouse took power more than a year ago, but three million girls
gases that add to global warming. remain out of school. The girls dressed in their uniforms
Politician Ziggy Klazes said, “We and marched through the city of Gardez to protest.
cannot tell people there is a climate
Schoolgirls in
crisis and encourage them to buy
Afghanistan.
products that are part of it.” Some
people think the ban would harm
farmers and other businesses.
China
Mooncake prices restricted
The Chinese government has introduced limits on the
prices of mooncakes, small baked desserts that are given
to friends and family during the mid-autumn festival. The
festival, also called the Moon Festival, is a big celebration
and took place on 10 September. The move is part of the
government’s attempt to reduce “money worship”.
A mooncake.
New Delhi, India
Important landmark reopens
A famous avenue was reopened on 8 September in central
New Delhi, India’s capital, after repairs and improvements.
The road, which was named Rajpath (King’s Avenue), is
now called Kartavya Path (Path of Duty). A new 8.5-metre
Sri Lanka statue of Subhas Chandra Bose, who campaigned for
The team Win celebrated India’s independence from British rule, was also unveiled.
celebrates.
Sri Lankans have been celebrating An impression
after winning the Asia Cup, an of the area.
important cricket tournament. Fans
danced in the streets after their team
beat Pakistan in the final, in Dubai.
Captain Dasun Shanaka dedicated
the win to his country, which is
struggling with problems such as food
shortages and power cuts. President
Ranil Wickremesinghe said, “We can
overcome challenges as a nation.”
17 September 2022 • The Week Junior 7
The big debate
Is social media a suitable news source?
Some say that news on social
media can’t always be trusted.
What you need to know
For many years, people have read
the news in newspapers or magazines,
listened to it on the radio or watched it
on television.
More recently, social media has become
a platform for people to keep up with
what’s going on in the world, by
following official news accounts, such as
BBC News.
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teenagers use Instagram as their main Social media is
news source. popular for news.
Yes – it’s an easy way to follow news No – it can’t always be trusted
Reading, listening to, or watching the news is
important for people to keep up with things going Many people use social media every day, so news In a recent report by Ofcom, the organisation that
on around the world. The number of ways that people being available on Instagram or TikTok means that oversees UK media, TikTok users said that they get
can get their news has grown with the development it’s easy to access. Stories will pop up on people’s more of their news from people that they follow
of technology over the years, and now includes social feeds as they scroll, so they can quickly read or watch online than from official news organisations, even
media. As many people often use social media to it in between other posts. The news is also presented though it may not be a trustworthy source. Official
keep up with their friends or family, it’s also an easy in a user-friendly way, such as a short and snappy news organisations carefully check information and
way to follow the news around the world. Printed, TV post or video, which makes it easier to consume than sources before they publish anything but other people
and radio news are popular among older age groups reading the newspaper. This means people are more who post news online might not do this. Also,
but many young people prefer social media apps such likely to take in more news than just reading about it. although a story from an unofficial news source may
as Instagram, TikTok or YouTube to get the latest Social media can also highlight news stories going on be read by lots of people online, it doesn’t always
news. However, some people believe that news around the world that aren’t covered in mainstream mean it is accurate. Research shows that people in
posted on social media isn’t reliably accurate and media, and it provides a platform for a wide range of the UK spent 108 minutes a day on social media.
can’t be trusted. What do you think? Is social media voices – such as people sharing stories of their own If people get their news from a newspaper or the TV,
a suitable news source? experiences during major events. they will get a much-needed social media break.
Scan the QR code Three reasons social media Three reasons social media is
YES NO
to hear both sides is a suitable news source not a suitable news source
Junior
SH W of this debate on
our podcast. 1 It’s very accessible for young people, 1 Some people say they get news from
as they are already using social media other people they follow, not even
LAST WEEK’S POLL apps, so the news will pop up on their official news accounts. This could mean
feeds as they scroll. stories are not trustworthy. Official
Technical problems meant
accounts carefully check information.
2 S tories are presented in a user-friendly
that our poll did not
way, whether it’s a short, snappy 2 J ust because a news story goes viral
appear online, but R
E
most comments on 20% 80% Instagram post or a quick video does not mean it is accurate. WITT
on TikTok. E · T
PopJam were YES NO 3 Reading the newspaper or watching UB
UT
against Russian 3 Social media highlights things the news on TV could give people YO
M ·
A
culture being banned going on around the world that a break from using social media and R
G
A
because of the war. aren’t in mainstream media. their phones or devices. NST
K · I
O
KT
WHAT DO YOU THINK? Now that you’ve read a bit more about it, tell us what you think by voting in our poll at theweekjunior.co.uk/polls. GES · TI
A
M
Vote YES if you think social media is a suitable source of news, or NO if you don’t. We’ll publish the results next week. Y I
ETT
G
8 The aim of the Big Debate page is to present two sides of an issue fairly and objectively, in order to stimulate discussion and allow our readers to make up their minds. The Week Junior • 17 September 2022
The views on the page do not reflect those of The Week Junior, and the page is not funded by third parties. The page is created in association with the English-Speaking
Union, an educational charity helping young people discover their voice and realise their full potential. For more information, please see esu.org
People
Breakthrough
for autistic actor
Nine-year-old boy voices new children’s character.
Elliot Garcia is a nine-year-old actor. the tracks, Bruno the Brake Car. Bruno
He also has autism. The condition is autistic and shares some of the
affects the way the brain develops and characteristics that Elliot has: he likes
can change how someone experiences timetables, schedules and routines,
the world. For Elliot, it means he worries a lot and even has a pair of
sometimes appears shy, finds new ear defenders, just like Elliot. Elliot
situations difficult and dislikes understood Bruno instantly.
loud noises. Despite there It is hoped that
being more than through the character
700,000 autistic of Bruno, young
people in the UK, people will
there are very few be introduced A U T I S M
autistic characters to a positive WA R E N E S S
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chance. “It was like a dream,” children with autism in the UK. They
says Elliot. want to see their stories told.”
The new role is for the book and Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go!
TV series Thomas & Friends: All is due to be shown on 21 September
Elliot Garcia
Engines Go! There is a new train on on Channel 5 Milkshake!
A very cool horse rider
THEY SAID IT!
Horse-riding isn’t a hobby that’s easy for everyone.
Living in a city or not having much money means
that many children won’t ever get the chance to ride
a horse. Lydia Heywood wants to change that. “I noticed that
Heywood is an event rider for Jamaica who hopes to
even in death,
inspire people from all communities to ride. She set
food becomes
up an organisation called Cool Ridings that supports
diversity in all horse-riding events and offers advice to central. It’s the
riders from lots of different backgrounds. Heywood thing that
wants to see more diversity in riding competitions
brings
and to one day compete in the Olympic Games
everyone
herself. “You can’t be what you don’t see,” she says.
Kautilya Katariya
together.”
The world’s youngest Lydia Heywood
with a rider. Bake Off winner Nadiya
Hussain reveals how cooking
computer coder
helped her cope after the
recent death of a member
NS Kautilya Katariya is eight years old – and the of her family.
W
GS · S world’s youngest computer coder. A computer
N
DI
RI coder is someone who writes the language, or code,
OL
CO that makes computers work. Kautilya recently passed
N/
O
NT his GCSE maths exam (usually taken between the
E
B
MIA ages of 14 and 16) and has designed his own
GES · software (the instructions that tell a computer what
A
M
Y I to do). He first learned to code by reading his father’s
ETT
EL · G computer book. “I loved it so much I read it in one
ATT day,” he says. Kautilya’s dream is to build a robot.
M
17 September 2022 • The Week Junior 9
Animals and the environment
Chimps are natural drummers
Chimps can
feel sad too.
Scientists have discovered that
chimpanzees in Uganda, Africa, talk to
each other by drumming on trees with
their hands and feet. It is a way of
sending long-distance messages. Each
male chimp has its own unique
pattern of drum beats, which they
combine with vocal noises called
“pant-hoots” to show who is where
and what they are doing. The chimps
only seem to use their own beat when
they are travelling. It may explain why
chimps don’t say goodbye to each
other – because they can keep in touch
with each other when they’re away.
C L E A N I N G
T E A M
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Primates affected by lockdown
If you think it was just humans who felt odd during When the zoo was closed, some primates spent returned, the bonobos and gorillas spending less time
lockdown, think again. A new study has revealed more time alone and moved about less. When alone could be seen as positive. However, the gorillas
that some primates (baboons, bonobos, the sites reopened and visitors returned, resting less could be seen as negative because it
chimpanzees and gorillas) were more bonobos and gorillas spent less time alone, could mean that human visitors interrupted their
antisocial, lazy and aggressive than gorillas spent less time resting and rest time. What the study did help researchers to
usual during the lockdown months. chimpanzees ate more and explored understand is how human visitors to zoos can affect
The study took place in Twycross their enclosures more. In Knowsley, the behaviour of primates in captivity. Scientist Dr
Zoo and Knowsley Safari Park baboons approached visitors’ Samantha Ward said that the closure of the zoos gave
in England. It compared the cars more often than they had researchers “a unique opportunity”.
primates’ behaviour during approached the cars of staff who Scientist Dr Ellen Williams said, “Behavioural
periods of lockdown in 2020 and worked during lockdowns. changes and changes in enclosure use in the presence
2021 – when the zoo was closed The researchers say that of visitors highlights the adaptability of zoo species
and they were not being observed they can’t tell for sure whether the to their environments.” She thinks providing primates
by humans – with how they acted Baboons at lockdown was good or bad for the with an environment that allows them to change their
Knowsley Safari Park.
after zoo visitors returned. primates they had studied. When visitors behaviour is important for keeping them happy.
U R
T E

Acorns drop from oak trees
A
S
N P
Y
The oak is a large deciduous tree (one flowers). At this time of year, oaks start to shed
that loses its leaves in autumn), which their fruit, called acorns. These are about two
grows up to 40 metres tall. It can live for well centimetres long with long stalks and a
over 500 years – the Major oak in cup-shaped base. They start green,
Sherwood Forest, England, is then turn brown and fall to the
thought to be more than 800 ground. If left, they might one day
years old. Oak leaves are about grow into a new tree. The oak
10 centimetres long with a curly has lots of meanings and is a
An oak tree
outline. The tree has yellow symbol of strength, endurance,
in autumn.
hanging catkins (long strings of power and honesty.
10 The Week Junior • 17 September 2022