The wars of the ancient Greeks : and their invention of western military culture PDF
Preview The wars of the ancient Greeks : and their invention of western military culture
THE WARS OF THE ANCIENT GREEKS THE WARS OF THE ANCIENT GREEKS .. - ------.~··---··~.--·~·~I ••~~~Y'__• AND THEIR INVENTION OF WESTERN MILITARY CULTURE Victor Davis Hanson . General Editor: John Keegan 1.. CASSELL FOR W. K. PRITCHETT, who revolutionized the study of Ancient Greek warfare Firstpublished in GreatBritain 1999 by Cassell, Wellington House, 125Strand, London WC2R OBB www.cassell.co.uk Text copyright © Victor Davis Hanson, 1999 The moral right of the author has been asserted Design and layout copyright © Cassell The picture credits on p. 224 constitute an extension to this copyrightpage. Material in the Introduction and Chapter5is based on ideas that appeared in Victor Davis Hanson and John Heath, Who Killed Homer? The Demise of Classical Education and the Recovery ofGreek Wisdom (TheFree Press, New York, 1998) and Victor Davis Hanson, 'Alexanderthe Killer', Quarterly Journal ofMilitary History, Spring 1998, 10.3, 8-20. All rights reserved. No part of this title may be reproduced ortransmitted in any material form (includingphotocopyingor storingit in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a license issued by the CopyrightLicensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. Applications for the copyright owner's written permission should be addressed to the publisher. British Library Cataloguing-in-publicationData ISBN: 0-304-35222-5 Design, cartography andpicture research: Arcadia Editions Ltd Printed in Italy by Printer Trento s.r.I. Typeset inMonotype Sabon ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank John Keegan and Judith Flanders for askingmeto writethisvolumeontheAncientGreeks at war. My colleague at California State University, Fresno, Professor Bruce Thornton, kindly read the book in manuscript and offered his usual perceptive suggestions. Penny Gardiner superbly supervised the difficult task of turning a rough manuscript into an illustrated book. All dates areBe unless otherwisenoted; I have retained those Latinized forms of Greek nouns that are more familiar to a general audience. lowe an enormous debt of gratitude, as do all students of Ancient Greek history, to W K. Pritchett, whose five volumes on the Greek state at war, and eight companion books on Greek topography, have prompted a renaissance in the study of Classical warfare. Victor Davis Hanson Selma, California October 1997 CONTENTS -----... ... ~:;;..=:==:---.~ :==~:i+J......~-- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 5 MAP LIST 9 A MILLENNIUM OF GREEK WARS 10 NOTABLE GREEKS AT WAR INTRODUCTION THE GREEK MILITARY LEGACY I EARLY GREEK FIGHTING (I400-750 ) PALACE WAR AS EVOLUTIONARY DEAD END: THE COLLAPSE OF MYCENAEAN GREECE PLUNDERING AND RAIDING IN THE GREEK DARK AGES THE HOMERIC BATTLEFIELD 2 THE RISE OF THE CITY-STATE AND THE INVENTION OF WESTERN WARFARE (750-490 ) THE COMING OFTHE HOPLITE THE AGRARIAN DUELS THE EMERGENCE OF ATHENIAN AND SPARTAN MILITARY POWER THE DEFENSE OF GREECE THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR 1°5 AN ARMYTO REMEMBER 120 4 THE SECOND MILITARY REVOLUTION (362-336) PHILIP OF MACEDON AND THE REINVENTION OF GREEK WARFARE 136 WAR AS A SPECIALIZED SCIENCE 154 5ALEXANDER THE GREAT AND THE CREATION OF HELLENISTIC WARFARE (33S-I 46) MARCHING THROUGH ASIA 166 TOTAL WAR 175 THE SUCCESSORS, THE CO,MING OF ROME AND THE COLLAPSE OF GREEK WARFARE CONCLUSION THE HELLENIC LEGACY 2°4 GLOSSARY 208 FURTHER READING 213 STATISTICS 216 INDEX 219 224 PICTURE CREDITS
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