The Wall Street Journal - 25 03 2020

2020·15.8 MB·English

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***** WEDNESDAY, MARCH 25, 2020 ~ VOL. CCLXXV NO. 70 WSJ.com HHHH $4.00
DJIA20704.91À2112.98 11.4% NASDAQ7417.86À8.1% STOXX600 304.00 À8.4% 10-YR.TREAS. g 16/32, yield0.813% OIL $24.01À$0.65 GOLD$1,660.20 À$93.20 EURO$1.0788 YEN111.22
Dow Soars 11%, Best Day in 87 Years
What’s
News
Rallyfueledbyhope theeconomicfalloutfromthe worthatleast$1.6trillion. DowJonesIndustrialAverage, Largestgainsince1933
coronaviruspandemic. “Markets are definitely re- dailymoves
thatlawmakersare
Majorindexesopenedsharply acting to the prospects of a
10%
nearinganagreement higherafterTreasurySecretary stimulus deal,” said Jason
Business&Finance
StevenMnuchinandSen.Chuck Pride,chiefinvestmentofficer
onastimuluspackage
T SchumerofNewYork,theDem- forprivatewealthatGlenmede. 5
heDowsurged11.4%, ocratic leader, emerged from The blue-chip index gained
itsbiggestone-dayper- The Dow Jones Industrial late-night negotiations saying 2,112.98 points to close at 0
centagegainin87years,on Averagesurgedmorethan11% they were within striking dis- 20704.91. It was the biggest
signsthatlawmakerswere Tuesday, its biggest one-day tanceofadeal. one-day percentage gain for
–5
nearingadealonastimu- Stocks continued climbing theblue-chipindexin87years
luspackage.TheS&P500 ByAlexanderOsipovich, throughoutthedayandclosed and its largest-ever move in
andNasdaqjumped9.4% CaitlinOstroff nearsessionhighs.SenateMa- pointterms. –10
and8.1%,respectively.A1,A5 andJoanneChiu jorityLeaderMitchMcConnell TheS&P500climbed209.93
(cid:2)Facebooksaidusageofits (R., Ky.) voiced hope Tuesday points,or9.4%,to2447.33.The –15
gain since 1933, on signs that that a deal would get done tech-heavyNasdaqComposite
productswasskyrocketing Jan. Feb. March
lawmakerswerenearingadeal later in the day. The stimulus rose 557.18 points, or 8.1%, to
butwarnedthatincreased
onastimuluspackagetoease package is expected to be PleaseturntopageA5 Source:FactSet
activitywouldn’tshieldthe
companyfromthepullback
inonlineadvertising.B1 India Orders Its 1.3 Billion People to Stay Home Isolation
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cuttingsalariesforitsU.S.
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(cid:2)Nikesaidbusinesshas
reboundedinChinaafter
theoutbreakofcoronavi- Travelers
rusandthatitwasableto
offsetmuchofitsloststore
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(cid:2)TopexecutivesatU.S.- BYREBECCABALLHAUS
tradedfirmssoldatotalof ANDJENNIFERCALFAS
roughly$9.2billioninshares
oftheirowncompaniesbe- Trumpadministrationoffi-
tweenthestartofFebruary cialsurgedanyoneleavingthe
andtheendoflastweek.B8 New York metro area to iso-
latethemselvesfor14daysto
(cid:2)Boeing’sCEOsuggested
avoidspreadingthenewcoro-
hewoulddeclinetaxpayer
navirus to other parts of the
aidiflawmakersrequire
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equitystakeinthefirm.B3
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World-Wide area as a high-risk area, and
S for that reason we’re taking
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YI cooperation of the American
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officialsurgedanyoneleaving R/ Pence said during a Tuesday
ZI
theNewYorkmetroarea NA afternoonbriefing.
toisolatethemselvesfor14 AR Mr. Pence said individuals
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coronavirustootherparts ATTHEGATE:IndianpolicemenstandguardatadesertedcommercialhubinNewDelhionTuesdayafterPrimeMinister itortheirtemperatureandany
ofthecountry.Overall,the NarendraModiorderedpeopletoremainathomeforthreeweeksinanefforttostemthespreadofthecoronavirus.A8 symptomsandsaidtheadmin-
U.S.surpassed55,000con- istration would continue to
firmedcasesonTuesday, send resources to New York.
ascountriesaroundthe Workers Thrust Onto Virus Front Lines Ambassador Deborah Birx,
worldcontinuedtotakepre- special representative for
ventiveaction.A1,A4-A12 global health diplomacy, said
(cid:2)Thepresidentsaidhe 60% of all new virus cases in
hopestohavethecountry the U.S. were coming from
reopenedinjustovertwo New York, which has sharply
weeks,muchsoonerthan increaseditslevelsoftesting
whatmanypublic-healthex- Deliverydrivers,groceryclerksandothersrisktheirhealthonthejob,tendingtobasicneeds PleaseturntopageA4
pertshaverecommendedto
helpcontainthepandemic.A4 MuchoftheAmericanworkplacehas southofBoston. breakerandgrabbedaboxof100rub-
THE
(cid:2)Doctorsandotherhealth shutdown,sendingmillionsofemploy- Ms.Babineauisinoneofthegroups bergloves.
expertssayU.S.andEuropean eeshometowaitoutthecoronavirus deemedessential—menandwomen ThecounterstaffatthelocalDunkin’ CORONAVIRUS
leadersseekingtobeatthe pandemic. whocarryonevenascitiesandcom- knewtofillherthermoswithcoffee
coronavirusmaybedrawing munitiesshutdownaroundthem. andmilk,nosugar.Thedoughnutshop PANDEMIC
thewronglessonsfromthe ByValerieBauerlein, WorkersfromNewHampshireto wasclearoftablesandchairs,emptied
progressmadebyChina.A1 JenniferLevitz Californiasaytheyfeelbothdutyand bythestate’ssocial-distancingdirec-
andAlejandroLazo dread.They’realsogladtostillbe tive.“It’seerie,”shesaid.
(cid:2)TheTokyo2020Olympics working.Oneveryshift,theytendto Dawnfilledtheskywithshadesof Olympicsarepostponed
werepostponeduntil2021, Amongthosestillonthejobaregro- basicneedsinanunfoldingdisaster pinkwhenMs.Babineaustartedher until2021,A12-13
anunprecedentedshifting
oftheworld’slargest cery-storeclerks,prisonguardsandde- likelytobeprolonged,widespreadand shiftattheStop&Shopsupermarket. Shortageofintensive-care
sportingevent.A12,A13 liverydrivers.“Whowouldhaveever perilous. “Howyadoing?”sheaskedco-workers. bedslooms,A6
thoughtthatwewouldbeonthefront Ms.Babineauwasupat5:30a.m. “Gotyourglovesthismorning?”
(cid:2)AmazonaccusedthePen- lines?”saidJoyceBabineau,a67-year- lastWednesdayandpackedherusual Ms.Babineauhasworkedtheretwo OutbreakputsSpain
tagonofseekingtomanipu- oldsupermarketsupervisorinDart- lunchofahalfsandwichandpieceof decadesandnormallyisinchargeof onitsheels,A9
lateitsreviewofahuge mouth,Mass.,acoastalvillage60miles fruit.SheputonherStop&Shopwind- PleaseturntopageA10
cloud-computingdealtosteer
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INSIDE
No, Sheltering in Place Doesn’t
(cid:2)Died:TerrenceMcNally,
81,playwright.A14...Walter Include Hiking in Crowds
Robb,92,ex-GEexecutive.B4 Not Yet Used in West
i i i WSJ
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NOTICETOREADERS AuthoritiesscoldCalifornianswhostretch PI
TheWallStreetJournal’s VOL
printingplantsanddelivery thelockdown’soutdoor-activityexception SCA BYJEREMYPAGE in Wuhan was a shift after
servicesaretakingprecau- NCE Feb. 2 to a more aggressive
tionsinlightofthecoronavi- RA BEIJING—U.S. and Euro- andsystematicquarantinere-
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rus,frequentlycleaning BYALICIAA.CALDWELL callydistancing,whocrowded pean leaders are looking at gime whereby suspected or
equipmentandfacilities beachesandcanyons,weknow WORLD China’sprogressincurbingthe mildcases—andevenhealthy
whilereducinghumancon- LOS ANGELES—Southern who you are and this is seri- InItaly,traditionputs coronaviruspandemictoguide close contacts of confirmed
tactwiththenewspaper.A California’s always-jammed ous.” oldergenerationsat themonhowtobeatthevirus cases—weresenttomakeshift
digitalversionoftheprint roads were eerily quiet the California Gov. Gavin withintheirownborders. hospitalsandtemporaryquar-
greaterriskasnation
editionalsocanbeviewedat first weekend of a statewide Newsom on Monday scolded They may be drawing the antinecenters.
https://www.wsj.com/itp. lockdown meant to slow the residents for crowding parks battlesvirus.A11 wrong lessons, doctors and Thetacticsrequiredturning
spreadofthenewcoronavirus, and trails where “it’s almost healthexpertssay. hundreds of hotels, schools
butbumper-to-bumpertraffic impossible to socially dis- Y The cordon sanitaire that andotherplacesintoquaran-
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statements that getting out to roughly 10 million people, H inWuhanitself,theseexperts navirustestingcapacity,which
T
andenjoyingnaturewasasafe closed its roughly 60 hiking say. Instead, the virus kept local authorities say was ex-
> exception in shelter-in-place trailsandparks. LIFE&ARTS spreadingamongfamilymem- panded from 200 tests a day
rules. In locked-down America, Manycanceledevents bers in homes, in large part inlateJanuaryto7,000daily
In a Monday press confer- theoutdoorsisoneoftheonly hopeforasecond because hospitals were too bymid-February.
ence,LosAngelesMayorEric placeslefttogo.Andeveryone overwhelmedtohandleallthe The steps went beyond
chanceinthe
Garcetti said: “For those who seemstobegoing.Leadersand patients,accordingtodoctors what’s envisioned in many
s2020DAollwRJigohntessR&esCeormvepdany,Inc. stillhaven’theededthecallto health officials around the autumn.A15 andpatientsthere. hard-hit Western cities. As a
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A2|Wednesday,March25,2020 THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL.
******
U.S. NEWS
States Struggle to Handle
Letter From the Editor
ToOurReaders: pact,fromhowcompaniesare Record Unemployment Claims
Ihopeallofyouaresafe respondingtohowitlooksin
andsecureduringthisextraor- differentcountries,fromthe
dinaryperiod.Thecontinuing politicstothebestadviceon
spreadofthe managingthroughthis.Our
newcoronavi- livecoveragepageisregularly
rusandthe updatedwithbreakingnews, BYSARAHCHANEY record is 695,000 filed in the frustration,”hesaid.“I’mwait- reer,”hesaid.Butadded,“there’s
wideningeco- andyoucanreceiveupdatesas ANDERICMORATH weekendedOct.2,1982. ing and no one is answering, nobodyhiringrightnow.”
nomicfallout wellthroughemailednewslet- Georgia’s labor department andIneedinformation.” Coloradoresidentswhosuc-
arecreating ters;visitwsj.com/newsletters Americansarewaitinganx- website tells applicants to ex- Washington Mayor Muriel cessfullysubmittedtheirclaim
suddenand formoreinformation.Ourdaily iouslyforunemploymentbene- pect to wait. “Due to an ex- Bowser said at a news confer- online early last week should
unexpectedchallengesand podcast,TheJournal.,isalso fitsasstateunemploymentsys- tremelyhighvolumeofunem- enceTuesdaythatthosecalling receiveabenefitpaymentthis
stressesforallofus.The focusingonthecrisiswithim- tems adjust to record-high ployment claims filed as a forclaimsassistancearelikelyto week,aspokeswomanforColo-
weeksandmonthstocome portantinterviewsandinfor- levelsofclaimsinthewakeof resultoftheCovid-19outbreak, experiencelongholdtimes.The rado’slabordepartmentsaid.
arecertaintobringnewcom- mation;youcanfinditat thenewcoronavirus. individuals may experience a city’s claims website works on OnMonday,Colorado’slabor
plications;itishardtoremem- wsj.com/podcasts. States say they are waiving delayinrequestingweeklyben- computers, but not on cell- department added 90 staff
beratimeinrecenthistory Animportantreminder: waitingperiodsforaccruingben- efit payments,” the website phones,frustratingusers. memberstothecustomercall
whentherewassomuchun- We’realsopleasedtoofferall efitsandbulkingupwithstaffto saidMondayafternoon. KellyMedina,57,appliedfor centerandplanstoaddmore.
certaintyaroundsomanysig- membersafirstlookatthe field calls and quickly process Ohio’s call center and web- unemploymentbenefitsinColo- Thefederalgovernmentand
nificantissues. day’spaperinyouremailinbox claims.Buttheunemployment- site to register for unemploy- statesshouldlookatpromoting
HereatTheWallStreet withToday’sPrintEdition insurance system wasn’t de- mentbenefitsexperiencedhic- lesser-knownprogramsintheun-
Journal,ourglobalteamof newsletter.Thismeansyou signedtomoveasquicklyasthe cupsearlieronMonday. ‘Thissystemwasnot employmentinsurancesystemas
journalistscontinuestoworkto canseeyourprintpapereven coronavirusisknockingtheU.S. “This system was not built awaytomitigatetheimpactof
builtforacrisis,’
coverallaspectsofthisstory ifserviceisdisruptedforany labormarketoffcourse. foracrisis,”saidOhioLt.Gov. the coronavirus pandemic on
andbringyouinsight,clarity,in- reason.Pleasesignupat “States are at a historically Jon Husted at a news confer- Ohio’slieutenant workers,saidKatharineAbraham,
telligenceanddepth.Likemost wsj.com/digitalpaper. lowlevelofadministrativefund- ence.“Itwasbuilttotakecare a University of Maryland labor
governorsaid.
ofyou,ourstaffhasgonere- Challengingmomentslike ing,butprocessingahistorically of what we could expect on a economistandformereconomic
moteacrosstheglobe.Butwe thisonedohelpusfocuson highlevelofclaims,”saidMichele regularorevenrobustbasis.” advisertoPresidentObama.
recognizethattherelevance thethingsthatmattermost. Evermore,policyanalystatthe Tunc Samli, 46 years old, In26states,coveringabout
andnecessityofreliablefacts ForTheWallStreetJournal NationalEmploymentLawProj- was laid off in early March 70%oftheworkforce,statescan
andinsightareheightenedat thathasmeantarededication ect,whichadvocatesforlower- fromaWashington,D.C.,com- radolastweekwhenthecorona- pay unemployment insurance
thistimeofcrisis,andallofus toourmissionofbringingyou wageworkers.“Therearemecha- pany that arranges passports virusshutdowntherestaurant benefits to two workers who
arecommittedtohelpingyou thenewsyouneed.Weare nismstostaffupquickly,butit’s andvisasforcorporateclients. whereheworked.Asheunder- share a full-time job by each
navigatethismoment. honoredtoserveyouand neversmooth,easyorperfect.” Hetriedeverydaylastweekto stoodit,itwouldtakefourtosix workingparttime.Theconcept
Thisstorytouchesevery gratefulforyoursupport.Itisa EconomistssurveyedbyThe applyforunemploymentbene- weekstoreceivehisfirstunem- iscommoninEuropebutlittle
areaofourcoverage.Ourjour- darkmomentjustnow,butthis WallStreetJournalestimated fitsonthedistrict’swebsitebut ploymentcheck,andhedidn’t usedintheU.S.Attheendof
nalistsarepostingbreaking willend,andwewillbethere that 1.5 million new jobless thesitewouldcrash. see any guidance from Colo- February, 11,564 workers re-
newsandstoriesonallas- withyouonthejourney. claimswerefiledlastweek.The On Monday, he waited on rado’s labor department that ceivedwork-sharebenefits,ver-
pectsofthevirusalldayon Sincerely, U.S.LaborDepartmentwillre- hold for two hours trying to the waiting period to receive sus2.1millioninregularstate
WSJ.com,fromthecourseof MattMurray leaseanationalcompilationof reach someone at the Depart- benefitswouldbeshortened. programsthattypicallyrequire
thediseasetothefinancialim- EditorinChief claimsonThursday.Thehigh- mentofEmploymentServices, “Ifittakestoolong,maybeI a person to be laid off before
est number of new claims on butnooneanswered.“That’sa needtolookforadifferentca- accessingjoblesspayments.
U.S.WATCH
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MusiciansplayedDaveMatthewsBand’s‘TheSpaceBetween’atSolsticeCanyon;below,CherieMeloswithherpartner—andtapemeasure—atapost-hiketailgateatColbyCanyon. tobeworthupto$10billion
Hikers Fill overadecade,toMicrosoft—trig-
I’mjusttryingtomakesurehe geringthelawsuitbyAmazon
doesn’twasteit.” challengingthedecision.
California Ms.Cole,alawyer,saidshe Amazoncontendsthedeci-
and her family were doing siontoawardthecontractto
their best to keep their dis- Microsoftwastaintedbypolitical
Trails tancefromothers,butwitha influencefromPresidentTrump.
crowdedparkitwasn’talways APentagonspokesmansaid
easy.“We’rejustouttryingto thedepartmentbelievesthe
getsomevitaminD,”shesaid, awardtoMicrosoftwasbased
“butitlookslikeeveryoneelse onafairandunbiasedprocess,
ContinuedfromPageOne hadthesameidea.” anddisagreeswithAmazon’sar-
countryarestrugglingtobal- Ms. Cole later said the guments.“Ourgoalremainsto
ance the need for separation crowdsonSaturdayweretoo getthismuch-neededcapability
with the need for escape and bigtokeepasafedistance,so tothewarfighterasquicklyas
exercise.ManagingthisinL.A. they’ll be looking for other possible,incompliancewiththe
isespeciallytricky: lifeinthe outdoorexercises. lawandthecourt,”saidLt.Col.
sprawlingcityrevolvesaround Agroupofmusicianswhose RobertCarver.
itstrailsandbeaches. tours and other shows had —JohnD.McKinnon
Mayor Garcetti’s admoni- beencanceledheftedtheirin-
tionsconfusedMatthewLurie, struments to the end of one NEWYORK
whocelebratedhis40thbirth- trailtoperformarenditionof
Cohen’s Bid for Early
day with a hike and picnic at Dave Matthews Band’s “The
L.A.’sGriffithParkonSaturday SpaceBetween.” Release Is Rejected
afternoon. “It’s a little weird Ari Herstand, a guitarist
because Garcetti was like andsinger,saiditwasacon- Aformerpersonallawyerfor
‘please go out and hike but ceptual-art effort aimed at PresidentTrumpwasdeniedearly
don’tgotothegym,’andthere a nearby Guatemalan restau- parks, with a trailhead in the andsnacks,Ms.Reddybrought showingpeoplecanstillbeto- releasefromathree-yearprison
wasthissortoflike‘tisk-tisk’ rant, making sure everything heartofHollywood,foottraffic atapemeasuretoensurethey getherwhilekeepingtheirdis- sentenceTuesdayafterhe
announcement,”hesaid. wasindividuallywrapped.He wassoheavyresidentstookto kept the recommended dis- tance,“Andthismaybeoneof pleadedguiltytonumerous
“There’s a little bit of lack woregloveswhileservingthe Twitter calling for the park’s tanceapart. the last weekends to freely charges,includingcampaignfi-
ofexplicitness,”hesaid.“Can three people who showed up. closure. “We’retryingtodowhatwe movearound.” nancefraudandlyingtoCongress.
yougohikeaslongasthere’s Everyone was spaced out, he By Monday morning, tips normally do,” she said, “but As the five-piece band set U.S.DistrictJudgeWilliamH.
not too many people? And said, although they “weren’t were attached to the entry withsomeseparation.” up,withhandsanitizeranda PauleyIIIsaiditseemedMichael
who’skeepingtrackofthat?” technically 6 feet apart” the gatecallingforsocialdistanc- Inthecrowdedparkinglot bottleofLysolspraynearby,a Cohen’srequestforreleaseto
OnSaturday,Mr.Luriehad wholetime. ing,advisinghikersto“refrain andsteadylineofhikersunder smallcrowdofhikersgathered homeconfinementafterserving
packedalunchfromhisfavor- At Runyon Canyon, one of from petting other people’s a cloudless sky, the coronavi- inawell-spacedsemicircleto 10monthsinprison“appearsto
itelocalArmenianbakeryand themostpopularLosAngeles dogs”and“slowdownorspeed ruspandemicwastopofmind listen as Mr. Herstand began bejustanotherefforttoinject
uptocreatespace.” singing. himselfintothenewscycle.”
CORRECTIONS (cid:2)AMPLIFICATIONS
The Los Angeles Depart- All five musicians wore ThejudgenotedthatMr.Cohen
mentofRecreationandParks masks. raisedthedangerofgettingthe
ReaderscanalertTheWallStreetJournaltoanyerrorsinnewsarticlesby websitenowsaysallitsfacili- CherieMeloswillprobably coronavirusinprisonasthelatest
[email protected].
ties,includingRunyonCanyon heedthemayorandgovernor. reasonwhyhebelievedhewas
Park, are closed until further She goes hiking in Southern entitledtoareducedsentence.
notice. CaliforniamostSaturdaysand —AssociatedPress
THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL Hundreds of people made this weekend went to Colby
(USPS664-880)(EasternEditionISSN0099-9660) their way along the Solstice Canyon in the Angeles Na- ARIZONA
(CentralEditionISSN1092-0935)(WesternEditionISSN0193-2241)
Canyon trails in the Santa tionalForest.
Court Upholds Arias
Editorialandpublicationheadquarters:1211AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,N.Y.10036 Monica Mountains National She estimated the crowd
PublisheddailyexceptSundaysandgenerallegalholidays. RecreationAreainMalibuon was90%largerthanusual.As Murder Conviction
PeriodicalspostagepaidatNewYork,N.Y.,andothermailingoffices.
Saturday, finding whatever for many. As of Sunday, Cali- peoplepassedeachother,one
Postmaster:SendaddresschangestoTheWallStreetJournal,
spacetheycouldtoparkalong forniahadreported1,733coro- typicallyranoffthetrailintoa TheArizonaCourtofAppeals
200BurnettRd.,Chicopee,MA01020.
windyroadsleadinginandout naviruscasesand27deaths. bushandfacedtheotherway, onTuesdayupheldJodiArias’s
AllAdvertisingpublishedinTheWallStreetJournalissubjecttotheapplicableratecard,
copiesofwhichareavailablefromtheAdvertisingServicesDepartment,DowJones&Co.Inc., ofthepark’sfullparkinglot. WyattCole,8,couldn’thelp shesaid. first-degreemurderconvictionand
1211AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,N.Y.10036.TheJournalreservestherightnotto Familieswithdogs,strollers touching a trailside sign de- She held her breath as lifeprisonsentenceinthe2008
acceptanadvertiser’sorder.Onlypublicationofanadvertisementshallconstitutefinal
and straggling children did scribingthearea,muchtothe other hikers passed by, she killingofherformerboyfriend.
acceptanceoftheadvertiser’sorder.
theirbesttokeeptherecom- dismayofhismom,JaneCole. said. “I did not breathe their Ms.Arias’slawyershadargued
LetterstotheEditor:Fax:[phone];email:[email protected]
mended 6-foot distance from “I just gave you hand sani- air and they did not breathe thataprosecutor’smisconduct
Needassistancewithyoursubscription?
Byweb:customercenter.wsj.com;Byemail:[email protected] others—a difficult task along tizer,” Ms. Cole said as she mine.” andajudge’sfailuretocontrol
Byphone:1-800-JOURNAL(1-800-568-7625) the narrowest stretches of spotted her son at the sign. Fromnowon,the45-year- newscoverageduringthecase
Reprints&licensing: trail. “Whyareyoutouchingthat?” old Orange County resident deprivedheroftherighttoafair
Byemail:[email protected] MihikaReddy,a28-year-old Shesaidheisusedtohand said, she’ll be doing yoga in trial.Ms.Ariaswasconvictedof
Byphone:1-800-843-0008
engineer from North Holly- cleaner,asshehasbeenafre- her yard and hiking more in killingex-boyfriendTravisAlexan-
WSJbackissuesandframedpages:wsjshop.com
wood,wenthikingtherewith quent user since he was a the high Sierra peaks “where der.Shehasacknowledgedkilling
Ournewspapersare100%sourcedfromsustainablycertifiedmills.
friendsRoshaneMalekmadani, baby.“Soit’snothingdifferent. weneverseeanyone.” Mr.Alexanderbutclaimedshe
GOTATIPFORUS?SUBMITITATWSJ.COM/TIPS 25,andLynetteTo,24.Along But it’s just so hard to find —AnneSteele actedinself-defense.
with supplies such as water handsanitizerthesedaysthat contributedtothisarticle. —AssociatedPress
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THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL. Wednesday,March25,2020|A3
**
U.S. NEWS
States Say
TourismandTravelSlideWhileEssentialsTakeOff
Curbs on SectorsthatrelyonAmericans'goingouthaveseensalestumble,whilesalesofeverydayessentials,suchasgroceries,havesurged
inthepastmonth.Forindividualsectors,thismeansdeepdeclinesforrestaurantsandhotels.Meanwhile,lowinterestratesand
remoteworkhaveboostedmortgagesandteleconferencing.
Procedures
Changeinsalesfromsameweek Jobpostings,weekly Hoteloccupancyrates Changeinnumberofseated Changeinnewautosales
Include ayearearlier restaurantdiners fromayearearlier
25% 900thousand 100% 25%
Abortions Seattle –22%
0 SanFrancisco –21
Travel NewYorkCity
0 600 LosAngeles –20
U.S.
BYBRENTKENDALL Seattle –25 Chicago –19
ANDELIZABETHFINDELL Entertainment 65 Seattle
NewYorkCity Cleveland –17
–50
A pair of states are saying –25 Travel Leisure (cid:2)00 U.S. Atlanta –15
their coronavirus restrictions (includesairlines, (includesthemeparks,
on some medical procedures cruises,rentalcars movietheatersand Manufacturing –75 NewYork –6
compelproviderstostopper- andhotels) ticketedevents) Detroit 6
formingmostabortions,setting –50 0 (cid:2)0 –100 U(cid:2)S(cid:2) –13%
upnewskirmishesontheissue
Jan. Feb. March March Feb. March Feb. March
atatimeofnationalcrisis.
Governors across the U.S.
Weeklyonlinevisitors Compositeindexesof Changeinweekdayonline Changeinammunition
areorderingelectiveandnon-
mortgageapplications meetingminutes,bystate salesonAmmo.com
essentialmedicalproceduresbe
postponed to preserve per- Onlinegrocers FortheperiodFeb.23toMarch15
sonal-protective equipment, Washington comparedwithFeb.1toFeb.22
75% 900million 7000 Refinanceindex 100%
suchasmasksandgloves,and
Retailsites Colo(cid:2) 730%
critical-careresourcesformed-
ical workers and facilities re- (Amazon, Marketindex Ohio 392
Target, NewYork
sruposnpdainndgetmoitch.enovelcoronavi- 50 600 Walmart) Purchaseindex U.S. PWaa(cid:2)sh(cid:2) 335715
Twostates,OhioandTexas, NNeewwssssiitteess
in recent days have said their Grocers ((4433ttooppssiitteess)) (cid:2)500 0 Ill(cid:2) 350
restrictionsapplytoabortion. Ga(cid:2) 344
“Nooneisexemptfromthe 25 Generalmerchandise (cid:2)00 Texas 338
governor’s executive order on
Mich(cid:2) 298
medicallyunnecessarysurger-
ies and procedures, including Fla(cid:2) 235
abortionproviders,”TexasAt- 0 0 0 –100 Va(cid:2) 199
torney General Ken Paxton, a Jan. Feb. March Feb.16 March15 2019 ’20 2019 ’20
Republican,saidMonday.
Mr.Paxtonsaidrestrictions Note:Changeinsalesbasedoncreditanddebitcardrecords.Changeinrestaurantdinersisonlinereservations,phonereservationsandwalk-inscomparedtothesamedayayearearlier.AutosalesareforMarch1-15.
OnlinemeetingtimeiscomparedtoOctober1-31weekdayaverage.Locationforammosalesisbasedonbrowserlocation.
applyto“anytypeofabortion
Source:EarnestResearch(changeinsales),ZipRecruiter(jobpostings),OpenTable(diners),STR(occupancies),J.D.Power(autos),ComScore(onlinevisitors),
thatisnotmedicallynecessary MortgageBankersAssociation(mortgages),BlueJeans(onlinemeetings),Ammo.com(ammunition) GwynnGuilfordandDannyDougherty/THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL
What Sells, or Doesn’t, in a Crisis
topreservethelifeorhealthof
themother.”Failuretocomply
couldbringfinancialpenalties
andjailtime,hesaid.
WholeWoman’sHeathwas
forced to close all its clinics
andcancelmorethan150pro- BYGWYNNGUILFORD TravelPlunge:Travelandlei- andoffline—sharplyhigher,ac- has fallen, share prices of gun wholemaybelessrosy.Redfin,
cedures,aspokeswomansaid. suresufferedanabruptcollapse. cordingtoEarnestResearch. makershaverisen. anonlinereal-estatebrokerage,
LindaShafer,administrator U.S.household-consumption HoteloccupancyinSeattlecol- Online News, Shopping Cannabis: Consumers are said demand has weakened
of Aaron Women’s Center in patternshavegonehaywiredur- lapsedfrom70%inlateFebru- Booms:Webtraffictoretailers turningtocannabistoo,accord- markedly in recent weeks at a
Houston,saidshehad60to70 ingtheearlystagesoftheglobal aryto33%twoweekslater,ac- Amazon, Target, and Walmart ingtodatafromWeedmaps,the nationallevel.
appointmentsforthisweek. coronavirushealthcrisis. cordingtoSTR,ahotel-research climbedinMarch,too,according nation’s largest legal cannabis CarCurbs:Salesofnewautos
“They start crying and be- AWallStreetJournalanaly- firm. to Comscore. With audiences marketing platform. On March declinedthismonth.J.D.Power,
come hysterical,” she said of sisofhigh-frequencydatafrom LeisureLost:Spendingonlei- holed up at home and seeking 19, Weedmaps’ Travis Rexroad theauto-industryresearchcom-
each canceled appointment. a range of U.S. industries sure—activities such as theme information, news viewership saidthesite’susersplacedare- pany, reported a 13% slump in
“They’regoingtoenduphav- showedsharpdeclinesinspend- parks,movietheatersandother and, in particular, online news cord number of orders on the autosalesasofMarch15,com-
ing children that they can’t ing on hotels, restaurants, air- ticketedevents—droppedinlate consumptionaresharplygrow- platform, surpassing sales vol- paredwiththesameperiodin
feed.Manyofourpatientsare lines and other travel, while February,andwasdown35%on ing. umebookedlastyearonApril 2019. Before the coronavirus
right at the end of the line spendingboomedinotherareas anannualbasisasofMarch13, Virtual Meetings: The num- 20,anunofficialdayofcannabis outbreak,thecompanyhadex-
wheretheycan’tdoitafterthis includinggroceries,generalmer- reportsEarnestResearch. ber of companies temporarily celebration. pectedadeclineofabout4%.
weekornextweek.” chandisestores,gunandammu- Job Listings Vanish: shutting offices and directing SharperdropsinSeattleand
Abortion-rights advocates, nitionshopsandmarijuanasup- ZipRecruiter,anonlinejobsmar- employeestoworkfromhomeis BIGTICKETS othercitiesatthefrontlinesof
clinicsandtheirlegaladvisers pliers. Mortgage applications ketplace,hasregisteredaslide likelybehindthejumpindigital- HousingFinance:Astheeco- thepandemicsuggestthatbig-
were still sorting out the im- surgedasinterestratesdropped, injoblistings.Adeclinethatbe- conferencingactivity.ByMarch nomicoutlookdarkened,asharp gerdeclinesmayyetcome.
pactoftheTexasmeasure,but new-carsalesinmanycitiesfell gan four or five weeks ago in 16, average meeting minutes slide in mortgage rates sent NoNewSofa:Adailysurvey
decried using a public-health andconsumersquicklygrewre- travelhasmorerecentlyspread wereup47%,comparedwiththe homeownersscramblingtorefi- conductedbyMorningConsult,
emergencytohaltabortions. luctanttobuybig-tickethouse- to tourism, manufacturing, October2019average,according nance, according to the Mort- adataintelligencefirm,hasreg-
“Allabortionsaremedically holditems. sportsandrecreation. to BlueJeans, the videoconfer- gage Bankers Association in- istered an sharp uptick in re-
necessary…andtimesensitive,” Thedatasuggestthatwhile encingplatform. dexes of borrowing activity. spondentssayingnowisabad
said Denise Rodriguez, a overall consumer spending is SURGES Weapon Gains: Ammunition Online lending site Better.com time to buy major household
spokeswomanforTexasEqual likely sinking sharply, this is Inothersectors,thecorona- salesandthesharepricesofma- hadaround27,000mortgageap- itemssuchasfurnitureorappli-
AccessFund,whichgivesfinan- happeningunevenly. virus pandemic has induced a jor gun manufacturers rose in plicationsinthefirst18daysof ances.
cialassistancetowomenseek- Consumersareacriticalen- consumerfrenzy. Marchasthecrisistookholdin March,comparedwith18,000in —JonHilsenrath
ingabortions. gineoftheglobaleconomy,pro- GroceryStocking:Astheout- the U.S. Yelp reported a 360% Februaryand4,500inMarcha contributedtothisarticle.
UnderSupremeCourtprece- vidingmorethantwo-thirdsof breakworsenedinmajorcities, uptick in consumer interest in yearago.
dent,stateshavelatitudetoim- demand for all U.S. economic shoppersstockedupongrocer- gun and ammunition stores in Despitetherefibonanza,the (cid:2)Newe-commercewinners
pose some abortion restric- output, in addition to demand ies,sendingsales—bothonline recent weeks. As the S&P 500 outlook for the industry as a emergewithcrisis...................B1
forproductionandjobsatmajor
U.S.tradingpartnersincluding
OhioandTexassaid ChinaandMexico.
Spendingpatternswillsurely
restrictionsamidthe
changeastheshockplaysout.
coronaviruscrisis Hereisalookathowspending
changedinthefirstfewweeks
applytoabortion.
ofMarch.
THEHARDEST-HIT
In some industries, the hit
tions,solongasthemeasures fromcoronavirushasbeenquick
don’tplaceanundueburdenon anddevastating.
awoman’sconstitutionalright Dining’s Dive: Well before
toobtaintheprocedure.State severalbigcitiesbeganordering
efforts that impose wholesale millionsofpeopletostayhome,
limitationsonobtainingabor- visits to restaurants in Seattle
tions,especiallyinthefirsttri- andSanFranciscobegantank-
mester,havebeenfoundtovio- ing,accordingtodataonreser-
latethattest. vationsandwalk-insreleasedby
Courts,however,couldbein OpenTable,therestaurantbook-
unchartedterritoryifaskedto ingapp.ByMarch19,diningvis-
considerhowtheundue-burden its across the country through SS
frameworkappliesamiddecla- OpenTable had collapsed by RE
P
ratIinonOshoifo,emtheergoefnficcieeso.f state 98%T.herearesignsofresilience. OCIATED
Attorney General Dave Yost, a Yelp, an online business direc- SS
A
Republican,recentlysentletters tory and review site, noticed KI/
thatorderedabortionclinics“to consumer interest in pizzerias OC
R
immediately stop performing andfresh-produceshops,while OG
nonessentialandelectivesurgi- consumersshunnedcafes,win- UE
S
cal abortions.” Ohio defined eriesandgelatoshops. GrocerystoresareamongtheplacesAmericanconsumershavebeenspendingduringthecrisis.Here,ashopperinOklahomaCity.
nonessential procedures as
“thosethatcanbedelayedwith- Gun Industry Presses to Keep Shops Open
outunduerisktothecurrentor
futurehealthofapatient.”
Abortions are being per-
formed,however,asproviders
like Planned Parenthood have Thefirearmsindustryislob- with the National Shooting cials to classify gun and dependent on guns for food, DepartmentofHomelandSecu-
deemedthemessential.Under byingstateandfederalofficials Sports Foundation, the fire- ammunitiondealersandmanu- and we do have a well-func- rityonFridaythatthe“critical
Ohio’sorder,“PlannedParent- to have gun stores be catego- armsindustryassociation.The facturers as essential busi- tioning police department, it infrastructure” designation
hoodcanstillcontinueprovid- rized as essential businesses total number of checks since nessesthatmustremainopen, would be hard to articulate a should be extended to the
ing essential procedures, in- Feb. 23 is twice as high as in said Lawrence Keane, the or- basis for arguing that a gun wholeindustry,includingdeal-
cludingsurgicalabortion,and ByZushaElinson thesameperiodin2019. ganization’s senior vice presi- shopwouldbeanessentialser- ersandshootingranges.
ourhealthcenterscontinueto inSanFrancisco Therushforgunsiscollid- dentforgovernmentandpublic vice,”saidSanJoseMayorSam ADHSrepresentativedidn’t
offer other health care ser- andJessBravin ingwithordersfromstateand affairs. Liccardo. respondtoarequestforcom-
vices,”thegroupsaid. inWashington localgovernmentstocloseup “This is exactly when the Some states have kept gun ment.
Antiabortion groups say shop. Several states that is- Second Amendment right is stores open while ordering DavidChipman,seniorpol-
clinics are flouting the emer- that are allowed to remain suedshutdownorders,includ- mostimportant,becausepeo- other businesses to close, in- icy adviser with the Giffords
gencydirectives.“Ashospitals open during the nationwide ing California, New Jersey, ple are concerned about the cludingOhio,Kentucky,Illinois LawCentertoPreventGunVio-
struggle to provide care, find shutdowns meant to slow the New York and Pennsylvania, safety of their families, their andConnecticut.Thelattertwo lence,agun-controlgroup,said
supplies to protect doctors, spreadofthecoronavirus. didn’t include gun stores propertyandtheirbusinesses,” stateshaveDemocraticgover- there are risks on both sides.
nurses,patients,andotherhos- Businesshasboomedforthe amongtheessentialbusinesses saidMr.Keane. norswhohavesupportedgun MoreAmericansbringingguns
pitalpersonnel,abortionclinics industryinthepastweek,with that can stay open, such as Authorities in places like control. into their homes for the first
are endangering staff and pa- long lines stretching outside grocerystores,pharmaciesand SanJoseandCastroValley,Ca- Gun makers with defense timewithouttrainingatatime
tientsinthosesamecommuni- gunstoresacrossthecountry. gasstations. lif.,orderedstorestocloselast and police contracts are al- ofheightenedanxietycouldbe
ties,”saidCarolTobias,presi- On March 16, background TheNSSFlastweekbeganto weekaftertheyinitiallyrefused ready among the sectors con- dangerous,hesaid,butclosing
dentofNationalRighttoLife. checkswereup300%compared presstheWhiteHouse,theDe- toshuttheirdoors. sideredessentialtostayopen down stores could push more
—JessBravin withthesamedaylastyear,ac- partment of Homeland Secu- “Since we don’t live in the bythefederalgovernment.Mr. salestotheblackmarketorun-
contributedtothisarticle. cordingtofederaldatashared rity, governors and local offi- Wild West, where people are Keanearguedinalettertothe regulatedprivatetransactions.
UPLOADED BY "What's News" vk.com/wsnws TELEGRAM: t.me/whatsnws
A4|Wednesday,March25,2020 THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL.
P W L C 10 11 12 H T G K R F A M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 O I X X *****
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Antsy Americans Hunker Down at Home
BYJENNIFERLEVITZ sure,”saidMr.Binder,whois51 pendsonleaving.”Philadelphia SueHetzel,hasbeenstayingin Farther north in Westlake fillthetimeandstayconnected.
ANDKRISMAHER yearsoldandthemanagingdi- isunderastay-at-homeorder. withhisfamilyunderashelter- Village,BruceBeckistakingthe Mr. Beck said he and his
rector of a real-estate broker- Theordersvaryfromplace at-homeorderinthatstate.He shelter-in-placeorderseriously, wife,Robin,areboth“socialan-
State by state, America is agefirmforseniorhousing.But to place, causing some confu- decided to use some of his particularly since he and his imals” and have celebrated
locking down its residents, as hecallsthelockdownaneces- sion.NorthCarolinahasn’tor- downtimetowritepostcardsto wife are considered among happy hour with friends via
more officials urge people to sarystep:“Whateverittakesto dered residents to stay at peoplewithwhomhehadlost thoseatahigherrisk.Heis66 teleconference.TheyoftenFace-
fight the spread of the novel getustotheotherside.” home,butTonyaPalumbo,a41- touch and drove to a mailbox yearsold,andsheis65withan Timewiththeirgrownchildren,
coronavirusbylimitingtheirin- Indiana, Michigan and Ore- year-oldphotographerinHolly Sunday, cruising by the beach autoimmunecondition.Hesaid whoworryaboutcominghome
teractionswiththeworldout- gononMondayannouncedor- Springs,saiditwouldbeeasier on his way home. It was ithasn’tbeeneasy.Heworries andpossiblyinfectingthem.
sideoftheirhomes. derstostayhomeotherthanfor ifthathappened. crowded,andpeoplewereclose abouthisfamilyandturnsthe Butbeneaththenovelty,ca-
JeffBinderandhiswifede- essentialbusiness,joiningother “It’s time to shut things tooneanother,hesaid. TV off to get away from con- maraderieandmemes,ananxi-
cidedthatstartingMondayno states, including hard-hit New down and bring everybody to “Arethesepeoplecrazy?”he stantnewsaboutthepandemic. etysimmers:Whenwillwego
visitorswouldbeallowedinto YorkandCalifornia,inenacting thesamelevel,”shesaid. said.“Iunderstand.Wearestir “IfeelasifI’mlivinginadi- outfreelyagain,andwhatwill
theirhouseinWebsterGroves, far-reaching measures to curb Tensionalsoisbuildingbe- crazy, everyone is stir crazy. sastermovie,”hesaid. theworldlooklike?
Mo., with even limits on ex- dailylife.Massachusetts’gover- tweencitizenswhoarefollow- ButwhatIsaw,Ithoughtwas Thenewranksofthehome- “I fear that things will be
tendedfamily.ThatcameasSt. nor advised people to stay in- ingthedirectivestostayhome irresponsibility.” boundcitizenrydescribeastew permanently changed,” said
LouisCounty,wheretheylive, doors,whilePennsylvaniaGov. or6feetfromothers,andthose Carlsbad Mayor Matt Hall of feelings: resolve at doing Molly Tolsky, who is 33 and
joinedthegrowinglistofmu- TomWolfimposedalockdown whoaren’t. said local officials have been theirpart,assuranceinhaving livesinBrooklyn,N.Y.
nicipalities flat-out ordering inPittsburghandeasterncoun- In Carlsbad, Calif., Peter asking the state, which owns clear directives—and a bur- —JimCarlton
residentstostayhome. ties, ordering people to stay Meade,whorunsapublic-rela- most of the beaches, to man- geoningingenuity,asnecessity andDeepaSeetharaman
“Theworldisshrinkingfor home“unlesssomeone’slifede- tions business with his wife, datebeachclosures. forces people to find ways to contributedtothisarticle.
New York President
Travelers’ Wants U.S.
Risk Eyed To Reopen
Quickly
ContinuedfromPageOne
in recent days. Overall, the
U.S. surpassed 55,000 con-
firmedcasesTuesday. WASHINGTON—President
President Trump said in a Trump said he hopes to have
Fox News town hall that he the country reopened in just
hopestohavethecountryre- over two weeks, much sooner
openedinjustovertwoweeks, than what many public-health
by Easter, a timeline that is experts have recommended to
earlierthanwhatmanypublic- help contain the coronavirus
health experts have recom- pandemic.
mended.
World-widecasessurpassed
ByRebeccaBallhaus,
422,500 Tuesday and more
StephanieArmour
than18,900peoplehavedied
andAlexLeary
ofCovid-19,thepneumonialike
disease caused by the virus,
S
aHcocpokridnisngtUondivaetrasiftryo.mAJobhonustREUTER cou“nItrwyoouplednelodvueptaondhajuvsetrtahre-
108,000 people infected withH/ ingtogobyEaster,”Mr.Trump
A
thevirushavesincerecovered.MI said on a Fox News town hall
RE
With more than 25,000JE filmedintheWhiteHouseRose
cases,NewYorkhasemergedasAN GardenonTuesday.Easterfalls
the epicenter of the crisis na-STEF onApril12.
tionwidewiththehighestand EmergencymedicaltechnicianshelpedapatientwhohasthenewcoronavirusintoanambulanceinNewYorkCityonTuesday. Hesaidthatoncethe15-day
fastest rate of infection, Gov. periodinwhichthegovernment
Coronavirus Daily Update
Andrew Cuomo said Tuesday. testkits,butatthelastminute hasurgedAmericanstopractice
Infections are doubling every deemeditunnecessary,despite social distancing ends next
55,041 790
threedays,thegovernorsaid, mountingcallsforMr.Trump week,“we’llstayalittlebitlon-
andthestateexpectsitspeakin to use the law to resolve se- ger than that,” but that he
thesecasesintwoweeks. Asof10:49p.m.ET vereequipmentshortages. wantstheeffectiveshutdownof
NewYorkCityhospitalsare March24 U.S.cases U.S.deaths Health-careworkersaround thecountrytoend“verysoon.”
already straining to keep up thecountrycontinuetofacea He said Americans could con-
422,652 18,901 108,349
withasurgeofpatients.Offi- critical shortage of medical tinuetopracticesomeformof
cials have sought to increase supplies,includingmasks,ven- socialdistancingwhilealsogo-
hospital capacity, including tilatorsandotherequipment. ingbacktowork.
turning Manhattan’s Javits World-widecases World-widedeaths World-widerecoveries Mr.Trumpissuedanexecutive InasecondFoxNewsinter-
Centerintoamakeshifthospi- order earlier this month in- view on Tuesday, Mr. Trump
tal, and find additional staff, Source:JohnsHopkinsCenterforSystemsScienceandEngineering voking the Korean War-era said he was concerned that
likeretireddoctors. law,whichgivesthepresident keepingtheU.S.shutdownlon-
“Iwillturnthisstateupside 30,000 ventilators? You’re grant in the custody of U.S. casesthananyotherU.S.state, the power to require busi- gerwouldmakeitmoredifficult
down to get this number of missingthemagnitudeofthe ImmigrationandCustomsEn- Mr. Cuomo warned other nesses to produce goods tied fortheeconomytobounceback.
beds that we need,” Mr. problem, and the problem is forcementtotestpositivefor statesofwhatcouldcome. to defense, among other ac- Mr. Trump’s comments
Cuomo said, adding that the definedbythemagnitude.” thenewcoronavirus,oneday “NewYorkisthecanaryin tions. The president has re- markedtheextensionofacom-
state’s53,000bedsfelldrasti- Nearly 800 people have afterafederalcourtordereda the coal mine,” he said. Sev- sistedcallstouseit,express- plicateddebate,bothinsideand
cally short of the estimated diedintheU.S.duetothecor- manheldinWashingtonstate eralU.S.statesurgedresidents ing his concerns about outsidetheWhiteHouse,over
140,000bedsneeded. onavirus, including Terrence whowasatriskofcontracting Mondaytostayhome. nationalizingU.S.businesses. howtobalancethepublic-health
The Federal Emergency McNally,theTonyAward-win- thevirustobereleasedfrom On Tuesday, Washington, Meanwhile,Mr.Trumptele- benefitsofcoronavirusrestric-
ManagementAgencyonTues- ning playwright known for detention. D.C.,MayorMurielBowsersaid phoned South Korean Presi- tions against the broad eco-
dayshipped2,000ventilators playsandmusicalslike“Mas- Immigrationadvocateshave she would close nonessential dent Moon Jae-in to ask if nomicpainthosemeasuresare
toNewYorkfromthenational ter Class” and “Ragtime.” He beencallingontheTrumpad- businessesinthedistrict.Yel- SouthKoreacouldsendmedi- causing.
stockpile and plans to send diedTuesdayinSarasota,Fla., ministration to release immi- lowstoneandGrandTetonna- cal equipment to the U.S. to The president has been
another2,000onWednesday, atage81. grantswithnocriminalhisto- tionalparkswillalsocloseuntil helptheseefforts. pushedbyadvisersandbusiness
Mr.PencesaidonFoxNews. In the Los Angeles suburb ries, expressing concern that furthernotice.Somelocalcom- The request came as the leaderstoboostaneconomybe-
His comments came after of Lancaster, a teenager be- theviruscouldspreadquickly munitieshavediscouragedpeo- State Department said it has setbydeepeningjoblossesna-
Mr.Cuomocriticizedthefed- came the first known Ameri- throughcrowdedICEfacilitiesif ple from visiting national asked U.S. missions to scour tionwideasstateandlocalgov-
eralgovernmentfornotship- can under 18 to die from onedetaineebecomesinfected. parks,inanattempttoprevent theworldforsourcesofmedi- ernmentshavedirectedpeople
pingmoreventilators,reflect- Covid-19 on Monday, accord- Thenumberofcoronavirus the spread of the virus in calandprotectivesuppliesand to stay home, people familiar
ingariseinpartisantensions. ingtolocalofficials.LosAnge- cases in the U.S. is now the nearbysmalltowns. todeterminewhichcountries withthediscussionssaid.Finan-
“Youwantapatontheback les Mayor Eric Garcetti said highestofanycountryexcept The Trump administration have extra capacity to manu- cialmarketshavetakenasteep
for sending 400 ventilators,” theteendidn’thaveanyprevi- China and Italy, according to wassettousetheDefensePro- factureandexportsupplies. diveinrecentweeks.Unemploy-
the New York governor said. oushealthconditions. JohnsHopkinsUniversity. duction Actfor the first time —WenxinFan mentclaims,whicharereported
“Whatarewegoingtodowith A 31-year-old man in New Though New York has re- amid the coronavirus pan- andGiovanniLegorano Thursday,areexpectedtohave
400ventilatorswhenweneed Jerseybecamethefirstimmi- ported at least 20,000 more demictoprocureabout60,000 contributedtothisarticle. soared.
Among those who have
Workers, Businesses to Soon Feel Economic Pinch pressed Mr. Trump to get the
economyrunningareTreasury
SecretaryStevenMnuchinand
DomesticPolicyCouncildirector
JoeGrogan,peoplefamiliarwith
BYJUSTINLAHART and businesses can manage a morethanonepaycheck. Howlongsmallbusinesses Numberofpaychecksworkers discussionssaid.
shutdownlastingseveralweeks. Manyhouseholdsalsocarry saytheywouldsurviveifsales canmissbeforedippinginto Otheraides,particularlypub-
TheAmericaneconomyisin Beyondthatisunchartedter- substantial debt. This month, stoppedcompletely savings lic-health advisers, have cau-
araceagainsttime. ritory. Most economists think the Federal Reserve reported tionedMr.Trumpagainsteasing
With measures to halt the the economy will shrink more that overall household debt theguidelines.
spreadofthevirusintensifying, than10%inthesecondquarter, stoodatarecord$16.1trillion Loensesmthoannth (cid:2)(cid:3)% None 31% Anthony Fauci, director of
the U.S. is embarking on its atanannualrate.Butmostare attheendofthequarter.While theNationalInstituteofAllergy
sharpest downturn since at assuming that by the start of overall debt to income ratios andInfectiousDiseases,saidin
leasttheendofWorldWarII. summer,thespreadofthevirus aredown,thatisbecausemort- Omnoenttohsthree (cid:4)4 One 20 aninterviewonNBConFriday
Thestateswherenonessential will have been contained and gageshavefallensincethefi- thatitwouldbeatleastseveral
businesses are shut down ac- activity will begin to bounce nancial crisis. Lower-income weeks before the coronavirus
cUo.Su.ngtrofossrdmoomreesttihcapnro4d0u%ct.of bacSkm.Talhlabtuissinneosssuesr,ewthhiincgh.ac- hliokeulsyehtoolhdasv,ewmhoircthgagaerse,hlaevses Fmoounrtthossix (cid:3)(cid:5) Two 15 oabuatbter.e“aIkcainnntohtesUee.St.hbaetgailnlsoftoa
Manyofthoseworkersand countforabouthalfofU.S.em- higher levels of debt than be- sudden,nextweekortwoweeks
businesseswillfaceseverecon- ployment, according to the forethecrisis. 7-(cid:2)(cid:3) Three 12 fromnowit’sgoingtobeover,”
straints quickly, surveys sug- SmallBusinessAdministration, Industries employing low- months (cid:3)(cid:3) tofive hesaid.
gest. In two weeks time—the areamongthosemostatrisk. wageworkersplayabigrolein Other public-health experts
periodofatypicalpaycheck— Ina2016study,researchersat theeconomy.Foodandbever- Oneyearor Sixor 13 havealsocalledforgreatercau-
manyworkerswillstruggleto JPMorgan Chase Institute agestoreshaveseenasurgein longer (cid:3)(cid:6) more tion. More than 130 million
makeendsmeet.Afteramonth, found that the median small salesandwon’tbeaffectedbya Americans are being urged by
morethanhalfofthemcouldbe business had a cash balance shutdown.Buttheyemployeda cities and states to stay at
Don’t Don't 8
introuble.Atthatpoint,afifth that would last just 27 days. seasonallyadjusted3.1million know (cid:7) know home.
of small businesses with lost Somewereoperatingcloserto workersasofFebruary.Restau- Marc Short, the vice presi-
salescouldbeonthebrink. the edge. The median retailer rantsandbars,manyofwhich dent’schiefofstaff,saidTuesday
ThestimulustheFederalRe- had a cash buffer that would havebeenorderedclosed,em- Shareofpeople,byannualincome,whosaytheycouldn’tcome afternoonthatitwasagoalto
serve announcedwill help. So last 19 days. The median res- ployed12.3million. upwith$2,000foranunexpectedneedwithinthenextmonth. reopenthecountrybyEaster,but
wouldthefiscalspendingpack- taurant’swouldlast16. Evenagiantstimulusmight that the president would “con-
agefromCongress. Many consumers can’t last not quickly temper the down- Lessthan$(cid:2)(cid:7),(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:6) 54% tinue to take counsel from his
For the economy, the most very long without a paycheck, turnbecausegovernmentpay- $(cid:2)(cid:7),(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:6)to$49,(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:6) 36 health-careexpertsonthat.
important questions are how either. In a survey conducted ments could take significantly $(cid:7)(cid:6),(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:6)to$99,(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:6) 25 “Idon’tthinkitshouldbein-
soonhelpwillarrive,howample lastyearbyresearchorganiza- longer to arrive than the two terpreted necessarily as you
itwilleventuallybeand,above tionNORCattheUniversityof weekstheTreasuryDepartment Morethan$(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:6),(cid:6)(cid:6)(cid:6) 10 know, one day we’re on stop
all, how long the coronavirus Chicago,31%ofworkingadults hasforecast.EvercoreISIstrate- sign, the next day we’re on a
crisiswilllast.Betweenthebig saidmissingasinglepaycheck gists and former White House Notes:Datadon’taddupto100duetorounding(businesses);missingresponses(paychecks) greenlight,”hesaid.“There’sa
stimulusandplansbylendersto wouldmeanthattheycouldn’t andTreasuryofficialsSarahBi- Sources:Womplysurveyof2,300U.S.businessownersinSept.-Oct.2018(smallbusinesses); lotofdifferentwaystodotran-
NORCattheUniversityofChicago’sonlineandphonesurveyof1,010respondentsfromJan.
extendloansoroffergraceperi- covernecessities.Anadditional anchi and Ernie Tedeschi sug- sition phases to get to that
31-Feb.4,2019;m.o.e.+/-4.29%(paychecks);TIAAInstituteandGeorgeWashingtonUniversity
ods on payments, consumers 20% said they couldn’t miss gestsixweeksismorerealistic. onlinesurveyof1,008U.S.adultsinJan.2019(cashforunexpectedneed) point.”
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THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL. Wednesday,March25,2020|A5
******
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Test-Kit Mandate
Was Nearly Issued
BYREBECCABALLHAUS put it into gear,” he said, but
ANDANDREWRESTUCCIA declinedtoofferspecifics.Over
theweekend,Mr.Trumpwent
WASHINGTON—TheTrump backtohisinitialposition,ar-
administration was set to im- guingthatcompaniesweretak-
plementaKoreanWar-erade- ingunprecedentedstepstopro-
fensemobilizationlawonTues- ducemasksandventilatorson
daytoexpeditetheproduction their own—without govern-
S
oftestkits,butatthelastmin- mentmandates. GE
A
ute deemed it unnecessary, in On Tuesday at 8 a.m., Mr. M
I
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meFnotrsmhourcthagoefst.heday,thead- buutetshlaavteern,’Mthra.dGatyonuosremita.”dMehinis- DEVILL
ministration sent conflicting commentsaboutimplementing MO
O
signalsonwhetheritwasusing thelaw.OnFoxNewsthatafter- S
P
theDefenseProductionAct.On noon,VicePresidentMikePence HI
C
CNNTuesdaymorning,Federal suggesteditwasn’tnecessaryto WhiteHouseDirectorofLegislativeAffairsEricUelandsaidgovernmentaidtotheairlineindustrywasamongthefinalissues.
Deal Is Expected on Stimulus
Emergency Management invoke the law, saying compa-
Agency administrator Peter niesweresteppingforwardvol-
Gaynor said the law would be untarily. And at a 5:45 p.m.
usedtomeetthedemand. briefingattheWhiteHouse,the
Mr.Gaynorsaidthefederal presidentsaidthegovernment
governmentwasinsertingDe- hadn’tusedthelaw.
fenseProductionActlanguage Mr. Trump is said to be BYANDREWDUEHREN to the airline industry was PresidentTrump,whoattacked thatshewassatisfiedwiththe
intoitsmasscontractfor500 deeply resistant to using the ANDJOSHUAJAMERSON amongthefinalissues.“Some Democrats several times on changesSenateDemocratshad
millionmasks. law, according to people who people have discussed loans, Twitter during the negotia- secured to the bill and pre-
ButPresidentTrump,speak- havebeenbriefedonthemat- WASHINGTON—Senate ne- othershavediscussedgrants. tions Monday night, at one dictedthatthetwosidescould
ingTuesdayeveningataWhite ter, because major business gotiatorsandtheTrumpadmin- We continue to kind of work pointaskingwhethertheDem- reachanagreementinhours.
House news conference, said groups have warned that it istration worked to clear re- throughthat,”Mr.Uelandsaid ocrats“wantthevirustowin.” She said that the House
the act hadn’t been used, and couldhurtcompanies. maininghurdlesforadealonan ofaidforairlines. The president on Tuesday couldapprovethebillquickly
thegovernmenthadn’t“found Governorshavecalledonthe estimated $2 trillion stimulus The Senate could move to morningsaidCongress“must byunanimousconsent,though
ittobethecase”thatthelaw presidenttoinvokethelawto package,amassivebilldesigned quicklyvoteonthepackageif approve the deal, without all onelawmakercouldobjectand
wasneeded. control production and distri- toshieldtheU.S.economyfrom anagreementisreached. ofthenonsense,today.” slowdowntheprocess.Several
Mr.Gaynor’scommentssur- butionofcriticalsupplies,say- themostdrasticconsequences “I believe we’re on the 5- Disagreements still slowed House Republicans indicated
prised some in the White ing states are having to com- ofthecoronaviruspandemic. yard line,” Senate Majority the progress of talks. In addi- that they may not agree to
House,accordingtoanadminis- pete against each other for Stocks rallied on the news Leader Mitch McConnell (R., tiontodifferencesinairlinein- passthebillunanimously,pre-
trationofficial. equipment. thatadealwasnear,withthe dustry aid, Republicans and sentingapossiblechallengeto
Shortlyafterthepresident’s “Only the federal govern- DowJonesIndustrialAverage Democratsremainedatoddson approvingtheeventualdealin
remarks,FEMAspokeswoman menthasthatpower.Nottoex- surging more than 11%, its Differencesona agriculturalandfoodassistance, theHouse.
LizzieLitzowsaid:“Atthelast ercisethatpowerisinexplica- bestdaysince1933. according to people familiar The two sides were ap-
$500billionfundto
minutewewereabletoprocure ble to me,” New York Gov. Lawmakers,administration withthematter.HouseSpeaker proaching an agreement on
the test kits from the private AndrewCuomosaid.“Volunta- officials,andaidessaidissues aidbusinessesare NancyPelosi(D.,Calif.)saidthat oneoftheprimaryremaining
market without evoking the rismisnice,anditisabeauti- surrounding$500billioninin- she was concerned about the sticking points: oversight on
mostlyresolved.
DPA.”ShesaidtheDefensePro- ful thing, and it’s nice that dustry assistance loans and deallackinganincreaseforthe $500billionthatRepublicans
duction Act language in the these companies are coming expanded unemployment in- Supplemental Nutrition Assis- hadproposedtoallocatetoaid
maskcontractwas“stillbeing forward and saying that they surance had largely been re- tanceProgram. distressed businesses. Demo-
workedthrough”andremained wanttohelp.Thatisnotgoing solved,leavinganarrowsetof The two parties were also crats had sought controls on
apossibility. togetusthere.” unresolveditemslefttoagree Ky.) said on the Senate floor. battlingoverfundingforCus- those funds, which include
Theback-and-forthcapsdays SomeofMr.Trump’sadvis- to.Earlyintheday,somelaw- Senate Minority Leader toms and Border Protection loans made directly by the
of confusion about the White ers privately echoed concerns makers predicted a deal was ChuckSchumer(D.,N.Y.)said andImmigrationandCustoms Treasury Department and a
House’spositiononthelaw. raised by outside business justhoursaway. hedidn’tseeanyremainingis- EnforcementasDemocratsre- backstopforlossesinFederal
Mr.Trumpinitiallyinvoked groups,suchastheU.S.Cham- ButRepublicansenatorsleft sues that can’t be resolved. sistedGOPattemptstoprovide Reservelendingfacilities.
thelawlastweekinanexecu- ber of Commerce, that using anafternoonmeetingwithad- “LastnightIthoughtwewere moremoneytotheagencies. Mr. Mnuchin and Mr.
tiveorder,buttheadministra- thelawtomandateproduction ministration officials saying onthe5-yardline.Rightnow Though Mrs. Pelosi intro- Schumerhadagreedonaddi-
tionstressedthathewouldonly of medical supplies couldfur- the process had been bogged we’reonthe2,”hesaid. duced her own legislation on tional oversight of the funds,
useitifcompaniesweren’tvol- therharmtheeconomy. downasbothsidesputagreed- Treasury Secretary Steven Monday, adding a possibly accordingtoseveralpeoplein-
untarilysteppinguptoproduce Health-care professionals uponconceptsintowriting.No Mnuchin,whohasledthene- complicatingfactortothetalks, volved in the talks. A senior
additionalmedicalsupplies. havepleadedwiththeadminis- deal emerged as negotiations gotiations for Republicans, shehadindicatedshewouldre- administration official and
OnFriday,hewasequivocal trationtousetheact,pointing continuedpastmidnight. saidTuesdaymorningthathe viewtheeventualSenateagree- Mrs.Pelosisaidtheagreement
aboutwhetherhehadusedthe to the severe shortages in Eric Ueland, the White expectedadeal. ment.Mr.Schumersaidhewas wouldcreateaninspectorgen-
law.“IinvokedtheDefensePro- masks,respirators,gownsand Houselegislativeaffairsdirec- Mr. Mnuchin said he has intouchwithMrs.Pelosi. eral and an oversight board
ductionAct,andlastnight,we diagnostictestingsupplies. tor,saidthatgovernmentaid been in regular contact with Mrs. Pelosi said Tuesday forthefunds.
Hopes for
S&P500percentage +16.3% Energy
changeonTuesday,
Aid Bill bysector
Fuel Stocks 12.8 Financials
12.8 Industrials
11.6 Materials
10.9 Utilities
10.3 Technology
ContinuedfromPageOne
9.4 S&P500
7417.86. All three indexes are
still down at least 24% from 8.6 Consumerdisc.
theirmid-Februaryhighs. 8.6 Realestate
Therallycontinuedoverseas
7.6 Healthcare
withJapan’sNikkeiup5.7%at
midday Wednesday, while 5.8 Communications
SouthKorea’sKospiwasup4%. 4.8 Consumerstaples
Astringofemergencymea-
suresbytheFederalReserveto
supportcreditmarketsanden-
sure funding for U.S. busi-
nesses and homeowners have
also helped alleviate some of
the most pressing concerns Source:FactSet
amonginvestors.
At the same time, markets
remainsensitivetoreportsof billiontoshoreupitsbalance saidFlorianHense,anecono-
fresh outbreaks of the virus sheetamidadeepslumpinoil mistatBerenberg.“Asweare
andthedamagecausedtothe prices. tryingtocontainthemedical
economybymeasurestostem Airlines,whichareexpected emergency, we are trying to
thecontagion. to benefit from the stimulus pull down economic activity.
Speculation about the bill,werealsoamongTuesday’s We are consciously, volun-
breadth and depth of an im- winners. Shares of American tarilypullingdowneconomic
pending global recession con- AirlinesGroupsurged$3.67,or activity.”
tinuetoweighoninvestors. 36%, to $13.92, though they Gold futures rose 5.9%—
“Thisisclassicbear-market have still lost more than half their best one-day perfor-
moves,” said David Coombs, theirvaluethisyear. mancesince2009—inamove
headofmultiassetinvestments Investorssnappedupshares thatsomeinvestorssawasa
atRathbonesInvestmentMan- of restaurant chains, many of returntonormalmarketfunc-
agement. “It doesn’t feel like which have been forced to tioning. The Secret Muse
there’smassivereliefandcon- closetheircafes.DardenRes- The price of the precious
fidenceoutthere.” taurants,ownerofOliveGar- metalusuallyrisesintimesof
Andrew Wyeth
Some Wall Street analysts den,soared$12.86ashare,or uncertainty. But last week it
havesteppedupdiscussionson 31%, to $53.89. Shares of fellamidabroadselloffinas-
whether the markets have hit McDonald’sjumped$24.85,or sets as panicky investors
Revered artist. Legendary series. Beloved
bottom. 18%,to$161.95. dumped stocks, bonds and
Credit Suisse said in a re- Economic data have begun commodities in a rush for subject.Thisoriginalwatercolorbythemaster
searchnoteTuesdaythatitex- toshowtheextensiveimpactof cash. Andrew Wyeth hails from the artist’s famed
pectedtheS&P500tohit2700 the pandemic and sweeping Therearesomeearlysigns series,“TheHelgaPictures.”Theseimagesof
byyear’send,whichwouldim- lockdown measures that have that the global measures to
hisneighborwerecomposedinsecretovera
ply a 10% gain from where it curtailed business activity in containthevirusareworking,
15-yearperiod,onlybeingrevealedin1986.
closedTuesday. theU.S.andabroad. oratleasthelpingflattenthe
The key to such a bounce AnindicatormeasuringU.S. rateofnewinfections,though Today, they are regarded among the finest,
wouldbetangibleprogressin manufacturingandservicesac- that may change, investors most intimate works he ever composed,
battlingthecoronaviruspan- tivity dropped at its steepest said. and this example is one of the very best.
demic, the bank’s analysts rate in over a decade. IHS “It’s still very early days,” Signed(lowerleft).Circa1973.Paper:271/”hx
2
wrote. “Markets should Markit’s flash reading for the saidJustinOnuekwusi,headof
quickly regain their footing U.S. Composite Output Index retailmultiassetfundsatLegal 21”w;Frame:37”hx305/8”w.#31-1282
once newly reported cases fellto40.5inMarchfrom49.6 &GeneralInvestmentManage-
peak,”theywrote.“Whileen- lastmonth—itssharpestdrop ment. “There’s a chance that
tirely necessary, government sinceOctober2009andasign onceyougetthearcdown,the
reliefeffortsalonewillnotbe thattheU.S.islikelyalreadyin arc goes up again, and that’s
enoughtoestablishamarket arecession,thedataprovider why the market isn’t pricing
floor.” saidTuesday. thatin.”
Beaten-downenergystocks Marchfiguresforthemanu- TheWSJDollarIndex,which
werethebest-performingsec- facturingandservicessectorin tracks the currency against a 622RoyalStreet,NewOrleans,LA • 877-677-2801 • [email protected] • msrau.com
toroftheS&P500.Sharesof Germanyandtheeurozonealso basketofothers,fell0.8%.On
Chevronrose$12.33,or23%, pointedtoacontraction. Monday,thegaugehititshigh- Since1912,M.S.Rauhasspecializedintheworld’sfinestart,antiquesandjewelry.
to $66.55, making it the best “It’s an unprecedented est closing level since 2002. Backedbyourunprecedented125%Guarantee,westandbehindeachandeverypiece.
performer in the Dow, as the medicalemergency,whichre- Currenciesincludingtheeuro,
oil company said it would quires an unprecedented re- U.K. pound and Japanese yen
slash capital spending by $4 sponse from policy makers,” strengthenedagainstthedollar.
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A6|Wednesday,March25,2020 THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL.
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Intensive-Care Bed Shortage Looms New York’s
Hospitals
Theneedforintensive-care
beds for older Americans, the Struggle
population hardest hit by
Covid-19,mayoutstripthesup-
plyinsomeregionsoftheU.S., To Staff Up
aWallStreetJournalanalysis
shows.
BYMELANIEGRAYCEWEST
ByTomMcGinty,
MarkMaremont AsNewYorkCityhospitals
andMelanieEvans face a surge of patients with
the novel coronavirus, they
The Journal examined the arebeingaskedtodoubleca-
numberofbedsinintensive-care pacity for future weeks. How
unitsavailableforevery100,000 that additional capacity will
peopleaged60andolderin306 bestaffedisanopenquestion
U.S.healthregions.Althoughthe forsomehealthsystems.
nationalaverageis116ICUbeds Anemergency-roomdoctor
per100,000people60andolder, in the NYU Langone Health
nearlyoneinfiveregionshave system said some physicians
fewer than 75, and six have GES havebeentooscaredtocome
fewerthan50.Theanalysiswas MA totheemergencydepartment
I
bfoarseMdeodnicdaraetaanfrdomMetdhiecaCiednSteerrs- GETTY bexepcaousseedthtoeytdhoen’ctowroannatvtiorubse.
vices and the U.S. Census Bu- MEE/ Somesmallertasksthatcould
reau. NA beoffloadedhaven’tyetbeen
New data from the Centers MC transferredtononemergency-
N
forDiseaseControlandPreven- WI caredoctors,thispersonsaid.
tion show those 60 and older “IftheseERdocsdon’tget
havesofaraccountedforabout Anurseintheintensive-care any sort of breather, we are
three-fifthsofCovid-19ICUpa- unitofMedStarSt.Mary’s notgoingtobereadyforthe
tientsintheU.S.,whilejustone- HospitalinLeonardtown,Md., onslaughttocome,”thedoctor
fifthofthecountry’spopulation above,checksthefitson said.
isinthatagegroup. protectivegear.Hackensack, New York state has more
The Journal’s analysis sug- N.J.,right,iscurrentlyaCovid- than 25,000 confirmed cases
gests that hospitals in some 19hotspot. ofcoronavirus,withmorethan
communitieslikelywon’thave 3,200 people hospitalized.
enough beds available for the volvedthoseyoungerthan55, Nearly one-quarter of those
sickest patients of any age if the rates sharply increased hospitalized are in an inten-
the pandemic spreads more withpatientage,withamajor- sive-careunit.
widely. ityofICUadmissionsandmore Gov. Andrew Cuomo said
New York Gov. Andrew than 80% of deaths among Tuesdaythattherateofinfec-
Cuomo said Tuesday morning those65andolder. tion in the state has doubled
S
tehpaictenthteerstoafte,thcuerrecnotulnytrtyh’es nalUcsainlcgultahteedCDthCadtaCtao,vtihde-1J9opuar-- REUTER epveecrtsy tcharseeesdtaoysp,eaankdinhetewxo-
Covid-19outbreak,sooncould tients aged 60 and older were Z/ weeks.
O
need40,000ICUbedsgiventhe morethantwiceaslikelytobeUN The governor has said the
M
trajectoryofinfections.“Those admittedtotheICUthanthose O state is desperately trying to
D
aretroublingandastronomical inyoungeragegroups. AR increase hospital capacity,
U
numbers,”hesaid. Citiesandstatesareracing D even turning Manhattan’s
E
TheJournalanalysisshows toaddhospitalbeds.California JavitsCenter,usuallyusedfor
thatthestatehasabout3,800 ismovingtoopenasmanyas were consistent with those in 60,and268ICUbeds. HealthDominicanHospital,said large conventions, into a
beds, or 96 per 100,000 older fourtemporaryhospitals.Flor- theJournal’sanalysis. LeeHealth,thelargesthos- itcurrentlyhastheequipment makeshift hospital. He esti-
residents,puttingitslightlybe- ida and Washington have ap- TheJournalanalysisuseda pital chain in the Fort Myers and supplies to manage any matedthestatecouldneedas
low the national average. The pealedforfederalaidforabout broad definition for ICU beds, area, has 60 additional beds Covid-19patients,andisupdat- many as 140,000 beds, com-
Manhattanhealthregion,which 6,000totaladditionalbeds,and includingunitsusuallyusedfor thatcouldbeconvertedtoICU- ingits“surgecapacitypolicies” paredwiththecurrent53,000.
includes Brooklyn, Staten Is- New York City is converting burn,surgicalandcoronarypa- type beds, and “we are very thatcouldincludetriagetents, Mr.Cuomoissuedanemer-
land and part of Queens, had nursing homes into hospitals, tients.The306healthregions confidentofourabilitytomeet using other space inside the gencyorderonMondayman-
about1,100ICUbedsbeforethe officialssaid. usedbytheJournalwerecre- theneedsofourcommunityin hospital or transferring pa- datinghospitalsincreasetheir
crisis. AHarvardGlobalHealthIn- ated by the Dartmouth Atlas theseunprecedentedtimes,”a tientstonearbyhealthsystems. capacity by 50%. He said he
Areasrankingnearthebot- stitute data analysis released Project,whichgroupshospitals spokeswomansaid. If the number of Covid-19 didn’t think it was unreason-
tominICUbedsperolderresi- lastweeklookedatseveralsce- according to where their pa- The region around Santa patientsexceedsbedcapacity, able for hospitals to try to
dentintheJournalanalysisin- nariostoestimatehowhospi- tientsgenerallycomefrom. Cruz, Calif., has 22 ICU beds thehospitalspokeswomansaid, reach100%.“Onceyousecure
cludetheHackensack,N.J.,Fort tals in each of the U.S. health Several regions of Florida, serving an area with nearly SantaCruzCountywouldbere- the bed, you have to secure
Myers,Fla.,andSantaCruz,Ca- regionscouldcopewithasurge hometoalargeelderlypopula- 300,000people,about20%of sponsible for taking action in the staff,” said Mr. Cuomo.
lif.,regions. ofCovid-19patients.Itfocused tion,areamongthosewiththe themage60orolder,givingit coordination with state and “You are going to have staff
“Weareworkingnonstopto on all adults, while adjusting fewestICUbedsperelderlyres- oneofthelowestICU-capacity federal officials. A county thataregettingsickandneed
protect our elderly,” said Flor- for likely higher admission ident, the Journal analysis rankingsintheJournalanaly- healthspokesmansaidithasa tobereplaced.”
ida’stophospitalofficial,Mary rates for the elderly. The re- showed.Themostpopulousof sis. mobile hospital that could be Mr.Cuomoandothershave
Mayhew,secretaryofthestate’s gionsitshowedmighthavethe thoseareasisFortMyers,with Aspokeswomanforthelarg- deployed,“butnobodyhasade- saidonepossiblepipelinefor
AgencyforHealthCareAdminis- biggestshortfallinICUcapacity about 470,000 residents over esthospitalinthearea,Dignity quatebedsforthis.” additionalstaffisformerdoc-
tration. She said the state is SeattleandNewYorkhospi-
workingwithhospitalstocon- CriticalConditions tals already were nearing ca-
vert surgical beds to work as pacity over the weekend as Gov.Cuomosaidhe
ICUbeds,andhassentoutguid- TheaveragehospitalregionintheU.S.has116intensive-carebedsper100,000 cases surged, even after they
expectscoronavirus
anceforhospitalstotestevery residentswhoareaged60orolder,butmanyregionsfallwellshortofthatmark. moved aggressively to empty
symptomatic elderly person to beds. casesinthestateto
keepthoseinfectedfromreturn- ICUbedsper100,000peopleaged60andolder,byhospitalreferralregion “OurERsarefull,”saidRe- peakintwoweeks.
ingtoseniorhomes. becca Bartles, an epidemiolo-
Hospital association and gist and executive director of
50 75 100 150
state officials in New Jersey Everett,Wash. infectionpreventionforProvi-
and California said expansion 54beds dence, which has eight hospi-
SiouxFalls,S.D.
effortswouldaddthousandsof tals in the Seattle area. “Our tors;hecalledonretireddoc-
bedsoverall. 58beds Chicago bedsarefull.” tors to reach out to former
Thefindingsalsoshowvul- 211beds The hospital system, one of employers and has said the
nerabilitiesinareasthathave the largest in the U.S., with 51 statewouldfast-trackcertifi-
bothlowlevelsofICUbedsand hospitals across seven states, cations. Medical students
higher levels of older people preparedforaninfluxbyclear- couldalsobepressedintoser-
with underlying health condi- ingoutentirehospitalunitsto vice, he said. New York City
tionssuchasasthmaanddia- dedicatefortreatmentofcoro- healthofficialsarebringingon
betes, which are associated naviruspatients,shesaid.“That thousandsofmembersofthe
withhigherriskfromthecoro- strategywasgreat,initially,”she MedicalReserveCorps,avol-
navirus. said.“Butthedemandisexceed- unteergroupofformermedi-
Hackensack, currently a ingthataswell.” calprofessionals.
Covid-19hotspot,hadahigher Washington’soutbreakisso Officials at some hospital
rateofhospitalvisitsfordiabe- far the deadliest in the U.S., systems are now rolling out
testhan74%oftheregions,but with 35 of 74 total deaths in theirplanstoshiftstaff.Em-
had just 64 ICU beds per SeattleandKingCountytiedto ployees at Bellevue Hospital,
100,000 older residents, well Reno,Nev. onenursinghome.TheJournal partofNYCHealth+Hospitals
belowthenationalaverage. 214beds analysisshowsICUcapacityin system,arebeingaskedtovol-
TheBinghamton,N.Y.,region FortMyers,Fla. theSeattleareaisclosetothe unteertotakeonmoreshifts
ranks well below the national 57beds nationalaverage. and would be trained and di-
average in ICU beds per older Despitetheexpectedshort- rectly supervised by special-
resident,buthadahigherrate Lubbock,Texas falls, the U.S. has more ICU istsduringeachshift.Thevol-
of hospital admissions for 242beds beds per capita than most unteers’ work would include
asthmaandchronicobstructive other nations. The U.S. has triage and assessment of re-
pulmonary disease among 65- about78,000beds,or24beds spiratory conditions in pa-
Theseregions,eachofwhichhasatleastahalfmillionresidents,showthewide
to-74-year-oldsthan80%ofall per 100,000 inhabitants of all tients and treating Covid-19
U.S.hospitalregions. variationinthenumberofICUbedsavailabletoconfronttheCovid-19pandemic. ages,accordingtotheJournal patients,accordingtoanemail
A spike in coronavirus pa- analysis. That compares with viewed by The Wall Street
tientswheretoofewICUbeds ICUbedsper100,000 Percentage FIVEPREPAREDAREAS about29.2inGermany,12.5in Journal.
exist could result in otherwise residentsaged60+ ofpopulation Italyand3.6inChina,accord- StudentsatIcahnSchoolof
preventable deaths among the =5beds aged60+ Tulsa,Okla. ingtoacademicstudies. Medicine at Mount Sinai are
elderly,healthexpertssaid.“It’s 21.0% Measures of beds don’t ac- beingtrainedanddeployedto
pretty ominous,” said David FIVEVULNERABLEAREAS count for how many beds are dononpatient-facingtasks,in-
Wallace,aresearcheronhospital 169beds typicallyfull,whichcanfluctu- cluding pharmacy support,
capacity at the University of Everett,Wash. ate by time of day or season, helpingwithblooddonations
Pittsburghandaphysicianinthe 21.6% NewOrleans according to researchers and andtelehealthservices.
transplantintensive-careunitat 19.2% hospital executives. The Jour- HospitalforSpecialSurgery
UPMC Montefiore, one of 42 54beds nal analysis showed that the inManhattanhasshiftednine
hospitalsoperatedbythePitts- averageannualICU-usagerate ofitsnursestotheNewYork-
FortMyers,Fla.
burgh-basedsystem. 204beds before the coronavirus struck Presbyteriansystemforatwo-
35.6%
Manyhospitalsaretryingto was64%intheU.S. week shift, according to a
Chicago
expand numbers of ICU beds, 57beds 16.8% ICUpatientsintheU.S.stay spokeswoman. More will be
clearing room for more criti- anaverageof3.3days,accord- deployedinthecomingweek,
cally ill patients by sending SiouxFalls,S.D. ing to a 2014 study. Covid-19 shesaid.
22.6%
homethosewhocanbecared patientswhosurviveoftenstay In an effort to unburden
211beds
for elsewhere and canceling intheICUfor20to25daysor emergency departments
58beds
proceduresthatcanwait.State Reno,Nev. more,saidPaoloPelosi,director throughouttheNYULangone
andfederalaideffortsarealso Hackensack,N.J. 23.5% of the intensive-care unit and Healthsystem,virtualurgent
addingbedsintentsandother 20.9% anesthesiaata1,600-bedhospi- carehasincreasedfrom50pa-
temporarylocations.Thosefac- talinGenoainItaly,whichhas tientsdailyto1,000patients,
64beds
torscouldhelpaddresssomeof 214beds tripleditsICUcapacitytocope saidRobertFemia,chairofthe
the shortcomings revealed by Eugene,Ore. Lubbock,Texas withasurgeofseriouslyillpeo- Ronald O. Perelman Depart-
theJournal’sanalysis. 26.2% 17.5% ple. mentofEmergencyMedicine.
The CDC analyzed 2,449 “Whenpatientsareadmitted While overall volume of pa-
Covid-19 patients with known 68beds totheICU,thedurationisvery tients in the emergency de-
ageintheU.S.throughMarch long,”Dr.Pelosisaid,“anditis partments is down, patients
242beds
16.Althoughmanyhospitaliza- Note:ICUbedcountsincludeburn,surgical,andcoronaryintensive-carebeds. very difficult to discharge the requiringmechanicalventila-
tions and ICU admissions in- Source:WallStreetJournalanalysisof2017datafromtheCentersforMedicareandMedicaidServicesandtheU.S.CensusBureau patients.” tionisup,hesaid.
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THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL. Wednesday,March25,2020|A7
****
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Global AIDS Warrior on the Front Lines
DeborahBirxisa “the global community re- tionaltravelamongupwardly
sponsethat’sneedednow.” mobileChinesemightexacer-
centralplayerinthe
A global-health expert on batethescatteringofthisnew
Trumpadministration’s immunology and vaccine re- virus,theofficialsaid.
search,Dr.Birxhasspentde- After the virus jumped
fightagainstthevirus
cadescombatingthespreadof China’s borders, Dr. Birx was
HIV/AIDS.Since2014,shehas in touch with officials on the
BYBRETTFORREST servedasambassador-at-large newly formed White House
intheStateDepartmentasthe coronavirustaskforce.
Deborah Birx was leading U.S. global AIDS coordinator, The task force, then led by
anAIDSconferenceinJohan- managinganeffortacrossmul- Health and Human Services
nesburgonFeb.27whenshe tiplegovernmentdepartments. Secretary Alex Azar, was
receivedacallfromtheState “It’s why they sought her charged with developing the
Departmentsummoningherto out for this particular role,” administration’s program to
Washingtontohelpcombata said Brian Honermann, the mitigatethespreadofthevirus.
newdiseasethatwasaboutto deputydirectorofpublicpol- Dr.Birxbeganfeedinggeneral
changethewaythatallAmeri- icy for Amfar, an AIDS re- epidemicsandmodelingdatato
canslived. search foundation, who has hercolleaguestoassisttheef-
Inlessthanamonth,Dr.Birx worked closely with Dr. Birx. fort,thetaskforceofficialsaid.
hasbecomeacentralplayerin “The ability to coordinate As the epidemic began to
the Trump administration’s acrossdifferentagencies.” takerootintheU.S.,President
fightagainstthepandemicand Dr.Birx,63yearsold,grew AP TrumpinstalledVicePresident
a mainstay in the coronavirus upinPhiladelphiaandearned UCCI/ Mike Pence to lead the task
taskforce’spublicWhiteHouse amedicaldegreeatPennsylva- NV force.Dr.Birxwasquicklyona
A
briefings,urgingpeopletorec- niaStateUniversity.Herfather V planefromAfrica.
E
ognizetheseverityofthethreat. wasanelectricalengineer,her DeborahBirx,seenwithJeromeMichaelAdams,isanexpertonimmunologyandvaccineresearch. Astheadministrationhasat
“Can we communicate ef- motheranursingprofessor— timesstruggledtomaintaina
fectively enough so that the an apt background for a ControlandPrevention. saidTomFrieden,whowasCDC sionofwhatneedstohappen.” consistentmessage,Dr.Birxoc-
American people take these daughterwhoultimatelywould TheGeorgeW.Bushadminis- director from 2009 to 2017. Dr. Birx is one of the few casionally has been caught in
guidelinesseriously?”Dr.Birx applymathematicalmodelsto trationhadrecentlyestablished “She’s politically very savvy. remaining Obama appointees the middle. During a White
askedinaninterviewwithThe public-healthproblems,using thePresident’sEmergencyPlan Sheworkshard.Andshe’svery intheTrumpadministration. House briefing on March 13,
WallStreetJournal.“Because numberstocombatillness. forAIDSRelief,orPepfar,toco- focusedonachievingresults.” When the coronavirus ap- sheheldupaflowchartillus-
that’stheonlythingthat’sgo- Dr.Birxserved20yearsas ordinatetheaidandassistance In2014,Dr.Birxeffectively peared in China last year, Dr. trating a Google project that
ing to change the course of an Army doctor, attaining a that the U.S. government dis- received a promotion when Birx was particularly con- Mr.Trumpsaidwasimminent.
thispandemic.” colonel’s rank while working bursedinternationallytocom- then-President Obama ap- cerned about its possible However, the announcement
AstheU.S.coronavirusre- onimmunologyandvaccinere- batandcontainthedisease. pointedhertoleadPepfaras spread, according to a senior waspremature,giventheproj-
sponse coordinator, Dr. Birx searchatthePentagonandthe AsthedirectorofHIV/AIDS thefourthU.S.globalAIDSco- coronavirustaskforceofficial. ect isn’t complete. The White
hasbeenaregularpresenceat National Institutes of Health. initiativesatCDC,Dr.Birxad- ordinator.Stillservinginthat Shehadworkedinthatcoun- House had previewed the an-
the White House, invariably Sheledthemilitary’sHIVre- ministeredabouthalfofPepfar’s position, she oversees a bud- tryduringtheSARSepidemic nouncementwithGoogletoen-
wearing colorful scarfs that searchprogramatWalterReed program, and in the process getof$4billion. of2002-03andhadwitnessed sureaccuracy,apersonfamiliar
she said she has collected Army Medical Center before builtafar-reachingnetworkof “Shedrivesahardprogram,” the troubles it had wrought. with the matter said. Google
alongherinternationaltravels leavingtheservicein2005to globalpublic-healthofficials. Mr.Honermannsaid.“Sheex- Shealsorealizedthatthesub- representativesdidn’trespond
andthatarerepresentativeof join the Centers for Disease “She’saverygoodmanager,” pects outcomes. She has a vi- sequent increase in interna- toarequesttocomment.
EPA Plans to Waive Some Compliance Requirements
BYTIMOTHYPUKO gasoline,saidadministrationof- scrutinized by environmental BruceBaizel,theenergypro- changeover is aimed at pre- ingwinter-gradefuelsclogging
ficialsandabusinesslobbyist. groupsconcernedthattheEPA gramdirectorattheenviron- ventingairpollutionfromris- thesystemafteranApril1dead-
WASHINGTON—TheEnviron- Several states have issued andbusinessgroupswilltake mentalgroupEarthworks. inginthehottermonths.Gas- linewhenmanycan’tbeused.
mental Protection Agency is waiversorsaidtheywon’ten- advantage of the situation to The EPA said it is “in the oline demand is plummeting Mr.KlozaexpectsAprilgas-
planning to waive compliance force them, an analyst said. skirt environmental regula- processofdevelopingguidance because of the spreading vi- olinedemandtodroptolevels
requirementsanddeadlinesfor AndmanyhaveaskedEPAto tions.UnderPresidentTrump, regardingenforcementduring rus,leadingtheenergyindus- unseensincethe1960s,offsea-
arangeofindustries,including clarifynationally,accordingto theEPAhasmovedtoamend theCOVID-19outbreak.” try to warn that full storage sonalnormsbymorethan40%.
oilrefiners,waterutilitiesand oneadministrationofficial. environmental policies that Amongthemeasuresunder tanksmightnotbedrainedof The oil industry’s largest
sewageplants,asitseekstohelp TheEPAispreparingtoact the White House views as considerationarechangesthat their winter-grade supply in tradegroup,theAmericanPe-
businessesaffectedbythecoro- following an onslaught of re- overlyharmfultobusiness. couldgivecompaniesandreg- timetomaketheswitch. troleumInstitute,sentaletter
naviruspandemic,accordingto quests from businesses and “It’s no surprise that ulatorsshort-termcompliance TomKloza,thetopanalystat toEPAAdministratorAndrew
Trumpadministrationofficials. stateregulatorsseekinghelp, Trump’sEPAisactingtopro- relief while they deal with IHSMarkitLtd.’sOilPriceInfor- WheeleronMondayaskingfor
The biggest change likely said the administration offi- tect corporations at the ex- staffingshortfallsandaneco- mation Service, said gasoline blanket,“temporaryrelief”for
will be to waive or postpone cials,whoexpectthedecision pense of public health in the nomic downturn, administra- and jet fuel are backing up in the whole industry through
comingdeadlinestoswitchto tobeannouncedthisweek. middle of the biggest public tionofficialssaid. distributionandstoragesystems enforcementdiscretion,waiv-
cleaner-burningsummer-grade Anyactionisexpectedtobe healthcrisisinacentury,”said The annual gasoline aroundtheU.S.,potentiallyleav- ersanddelayeddeadlines.
DISASTERS DON’T
PL AN AHEAD
YO U C A N
DON’T WAIT. COMMUNICATE.
Talktoyourlovedonesabouthowyouare
goingtobereadyinanemergency.
VISITREADY.GOV/PLAN.
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A8|Wednesday,March25,2020 THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL.
*****
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
India Steps Up Lockdown to Slow Spread
BYRAJESHROY pees ($2 billion) to set up Schools in some cities had was tested, had resulted in liveintightlypackedslumsin Most of the state govern-
health-careinfrastructuresuch begunclosingearlier,aswell. some of the lowest testing megacities such as Mumbai mentsinIndiahavedrawnup
NEWDELHI—IndianPrime asisolationwardsandtobuy The country is one of sev- ratesofanycountry. and Delhi. Many of the coun- planstoprovidefreeorsubsi-
Minister Narendra Modi or- ventilators, testing kits and eral large developing nations Mr.Modisaidessentialser- try’s poorest earn the money dizedfoodtomillionsofpoor
deredallnonessentialgovern- othernecessaryequipment. that are somewhat off the vices, grocery stores and theyneedtobuyfoodtheday beneficiaries, as well as pro-
mentofficesandprivatebusi- “Iappealwithfoldedhands, main thoroughfares of global banksofferinglimitedservices theyeatit. vidingadvancepensionspay-
nessestoshutandallIndians don’tcomeoutofyourhomes trade and transportation, wouldremainopen. Mr. Modi’s announcement ments and financial support
to remain at home for three during the lockdown,” Mr. whichseemedtohavedelayed Theprimeministerunder- of the lockdown led to panic to the poor for several
weeks as the world’s largest Modisaidintheaddress. arrivalofthevirus. scored how some of the buyingofgroceriesandmedi- months.
democracyrampsupeffortsto Thelockdownwillextendat ForeigntouristsandIndians world’s leading economies cines in several parts of the “We are front-loading our
slow the spread of the new leastuntilApril14. returning from abroad ac- have strained to contain the country. expenditure…toensurepeople
coronavirus. India has recently seen a counted for the bulk of the pandemic,despitetheirrobust Theprimeministersaidin havesufficientmoneyduring
India, a country of 1.3 bil- sharp increase in Covid-19 casesuntillastweek,whenof- health-caresystems,soitwas a tweet the federal and pro- this tough time,” Thomas Is-
lion,has519confirmedcases casesandthegovernmenthas ficials began to acknowledge imperative to take lessons vincialgovernmentswoulden- sac, finance minister of the
ofCovid-19,thediseasecaused scrambledtostayaheadofthe that the virus had started to fromthem. sure availability of essential southernstateofKerela,told
by the coronavirus, and 10 spread. spread among the domestic “Socialdistancingseemsto commodities. TheWallStreetJournal.
deathsasofTuesday,accord- OnSunday,thegovernment population. betheonlyoptiontocombat To mitigate the economic Thefederalgovernmenthas
ing to data from the federal orderedaone-daylockdownof India is also for the first coronavirus.Thereisnoother impact of the pandemic, the also asked states to dole out
MinistryofHealthandFamily thecountryandsaidalllong- time moving to allow private waytobesafe,”Mr.Modisaid. federalgovernmentisworking cash incentives to around
Welfare. distance train service would companies to provide testing Yet achieving the sort of on an economic package that 35,000 workers in the con-
Inatelevisedaddresstothe besuspendedacrossthecoun- forthecoronavirus,aftercon- distancingthatcountrieslike will be announced soon, Fi- structionindustrywhomight
nation, Mr. Modi also an- try.Alldomesticandmostin- fining all testing to govern- Italy and China have main- nance Minister Nirmala berenderedjoblessorhaveto
nounced the government ternationalflightswillalsobe mentlabs.That,andthecoun- tainedwillbechallengingfor Sitharamansaidinatelevised stay at home because of the
wouldallocate150billionru- suspended. try’stightrestrictionsonwho India,manyofwhosecitizens pressconferenceonTuesday. lockdown.
Wuhan
Tactics Not
Yet Used
ContinuedfromPageOne
result, many doctors and ex-
perts say the recent lock-
downsintheU.S.andEurope
may slow the rise in new in-
fections—if properly en-
forced—but still won’t be
enough to stop it or prevent
many hospitals from being
overwhelmed, as they were
initiallyinWuhan.
“A lot of the lessons have
been lost,” said Devi Sridhar,
professor of global public
healthattheUniversityofEd-
inburgh. “A lockdown helps
buytime:Theonlywayitwill
work is if you actually back-
track and start figuring out
whohasthevirus.”
TheU.S.,Britainandsome
European countries will ulti-
mately, like Wuhan, have to
establish multiple makeshift
hospitalsandquarantinecen-
ters to isolate more cases if
theyaretobringthevirusun-
dercontrol,shesaid.
“Absentofdivineinterven- SS
tion,Idon’tthinkthere’sany PRE
otherwayoutofit,”shesaid. MA
U
“We’reheadinginthatdirec- A/Z
tion: We’re just doing it too HU
N
slow.” XI
In New York City, federal WEN/
authoritiesplantosetupmo- BO
bilehospitals,withatotalca- NG
A
pacityof1,000beds,attheJa- ZH
cob K. Javits Convention Health-careworkersfromXi'anInternationalMedicalCenterHospitalbidfarewelltotheircolleaguesbeforesettingoffforWuhaninearlyFebruary.
Center in Manhattan. New
York has also been looking butwithoutcorrespondingef- TurningtheTide homewithoutbeingtested. an exhibition center newly
into converting entire hotels forts to identify and isolate By early February, there transformedintoamakeshift
MassivetestingandstrictquarantineshelpedChinese
intohospitals,butitisunclear cases. were 20,629 people quaran- hospital with 40 doctors and
authoritiesovercomethecoronavirusepidemicinWuhan.
how many beds will be made Some foreign experts and tining themselves at home 1,461beds,forconfirmedmild
available. officials are skeptical of Wu- havingvisitedfeverclinics— coronaviruscases.Separating
Newcasesbyday Newdeathsbyday
ZhangJinnong,headofthe hanasamodel.Theycitelocal andthatexcludedsickpeople mildercases“isagreatwayto
emergencydepartmentatWu- authorities’ early efforts to 15,000 300 whohadn’tyetvisitedahos- saveresources,”hesaid,add-
han’sXieheHospital,saidthe coverupthescaleoftheprob- pital, Hu Lishan, the city’s ingthatfivedoctorswereable
most important thing was to lem, and the fact that more 12,500 250 vice party secretary, told a tolookafter400patientsdur-
separatetheinfectedfromthe thanfivemillionpeoplewere newsbriefing. ingeachshift.
healthy,andrecommendedho- able to leave Wuhan in the 10,000 200 “We feel very worried and His daily routine included
tels as quarantine centers run-uptothelockdown. distressed,” he said, likening checkingpatients’vitalsigns,
wherepeoplecouldbeisolated Somealsostillhavedoubts 7,500 150 thepent-updemandforhospi- givingthemmedication,con-
inseparaterooms. aboutChina’sofficialfigures. talspacetoa“dammedlake.” ductingtests,andidentifying
“You just need to turn off Wuhan’s health commission Thecriticalchangecameon thosedevelopingseveresymp-
5,000 100
the central air conditioning,” said on Monday that asymp- Feb. 2, when Wuhan’s health toms.Afterabouttwoweeks,
hesaid. tomaticcaseswerebeingiso- authoritiestaskedcommunity hesaid,histeamnoticedthat
2,500 50
Healsosaidthatinrecent latedinquarantinecentersbut leaders with dividing cases about10%-15%ofpatientsdis-
days he saw a handful of pa- notincludedinthepublictally intodifferentcategories,send- chargedfromsomemakeshift
0 0
tientswhohaddevelopedanti- of confirmed cases, even if ingonlyconfirmedpatientsto hospitals were later testing
bodies to the virus without theytestedpositive. February2020 March February‘20 March hospitals,andotherstomake- positiveagain—apossiblein-
knowinglybeinginfected.That Others think China could shift hospitals or quarantine dication they hadn’t fully
Source:China'sNationalHealthCommission
suggestedtohimthatWuhan sufferabigsecondwaveofin- centers. clearedthevirus.
mighthavealreadydeveloped fectionsifitcontinuestorelax Under the new policy, OnFeb.22,Wuhanrequired
alevelof“herdimmunity.” curbsontravelandwork,and pitals known as “residential ease,thosewhoaresuspected whichtooksometwoweeksto all discharged patients to go
More than 50,000 con- that the Chinese approach treatmentfacilities.” tobeinfectedbasedonexpo- implement, suspected cases toquarantinesitesforanother
firmed cases of coronavirus would be too economically InSingapore,allsuspected sure history, and those who were also quarantined sepa- twoweeksinsteadofheading
have been identified in Wu- costlytoreplicate. cases have been isolated in have no known exposure and rately from other categories home.
han—61% of China’s total— Among doctors and resi- hospitals,whileclosecontacts arewell,”hesaid. such as those recently dis- Health experts say other
since it was first detected in dents in Wuhan, meanwhile, ofconfirmedcaseshavebeen Chinese authorities did chargedfromthehospitaland countriesshortoftestingkits
December, according to Chi- somefeelthelockdownofthe systematically tracked and aim to filter cases when it those who had close contact can also learn from Wuhan’s
nesehealthauthorities.Early citywastoosuddenandstrict, quarantined in government- first locked down Wuhan on withconfirmedcases,localof- experience. Unable to test
cases mostly involved people as well as too late, and con- runfacilitiesorathome. Jan. 23. Confirmed and sus- ficialsanddoctorssay. thousandsofsuspectedcases,
connected to a food market tributedtothehighmortality Mike Ryan, the World pected cases were supposed Some12,000peopleended on Feb. 4, health authorities
sellingwildanimalmeat. rate there as hospitals were Health Organization’s emer- to be quarantined in hospi- upstayingintemporaryhospi- allowed doctors to use chest
The virus had killed 2,524 ill-prepared for the flood of gencieshead,warnedonSun- tals,withclosecontactsself- tals. scanstomakecoronavirusdi-
peopleinthecityasofTues- patientsthatfollowed. day that lockdowns wouldn’t isolatingathome. “Whenyouhavetheoppor- agnosesinHubei.
day, representing 77% of Manymedicalworkerswere beenoughtocontrolthepan- Theproblemwasthatlocal tunitytoisolateallsuspected That resulted in a spike in
China’s national toll, and a alsoinfectedbecausetheyini- demicandurgedgovernments hospitals, which had just patients and close contacts, confirmedcases,stunningthe
mortalityrateofalmost5%. tially lacked protective gear to focus on identifying and thisistheturningpointofthe outside world. By Feb. 19,
Since late February, how- and infectious disease train- isolating infected people and outbreakhereinWuhan,”said however,thenumberofnewly
ever, the official number of ing,doctorsandnursesinWu- theircontacts. ‘It’snotjustabout Du Bin, head of the intensive confirmedcasesinWuhanhad
new confirmed cases in Wu- hansay. “It’snotjustaboutphysical careunitatPekingUnionHos- droppedintothehundredsand
physicaldistancing,
hanhasbeendeclining.Inthe Still, the more systematic distancing,it’snotjustabout pital,whohasbeenworkingin by March 11, it was down to
past six days, it has reported quarantineandtestingregime locking down,” he said. “In it’snotjustabout Wuhaninrecentweeks. single digits. The number of
only one, prompting Chinese inWuhanafterFeb.2issimi- China,andinSingapore,inKo- He also echoed the World deaths has declined steadily
lockingdown.’
authoritiestoclosealltempo- lar to measures that also ap- rea, they really focused on HealthOrganizationinstress- sinceFeb.18.
raryhospitalsandstartrelax- peartohavebeeneffectivein having that comprehensive ingtheimportanceoftesting. Arecentstudyledbydoc-
ingthelockdown. South Korea and Singapore, strategy.” “Apart from testing, I just torsatWuhan’sTongjiMedi-
ChinasaidonTuesdaythat accordingtomanyexperts. Ian Lipkin, an infectious have no idea how you can calCollegeestimatedthatthe
fromWednesdayitwouldre- South Korea, which has disease expert at Columbia 4,000bedsforsuspectedand identify the suspected cases reproduction number of the
laxitsmassquarantinetoal- tested more people than any University who visited China confirmed cases, were soon and how to quarantine the virus—theaveragenumberof
low healthy people to leave othercountry,originallytried inJanuaryandhasbeenadvis- overwhelmedbypatients.Ex- closecontacts.” people infected by each in-
thecentralprovinceofHubei, to hospitalize all confirmed inghealthofficialsthere,says perts using mathematical Anothercriticalfactorwas fectedperson—wasabout3.68
except Wuhan, its capital, cases. But as wards became the U.S. should immediately modelsestimatedatthetime the deployment to Wuhan of inWuhanbeforethelockdown
where travel restrictions overloaded, from March 1 it implementanationwidestay- there were already tens of thousands of extra doctors beganonJan.23.
would be similarly eased on divided coronavirus patients at-homepolicyandthenmove thousandsofpeopleinfected. andnursesfromelsewherein Thatnumber,whichhasto
April8. into four categories: asymp- to a “stratified isolation sys- By Jan. 27, some 15,000 China.AmongthemwasMeng be reduced to below one to
Manyforeigngovernments tomatic,mild,severeandcriti- tem”untilavaccineisready. people were going to the Xinke,adoctorfromtheinten- stopanepidemic,droppedto
that initially ruled out lock- cal. “Wemustisolateseparately city’sfeverclinicseveryday, sive care department of the 0.32 between Feb. 2 and 18,
downs, saying they wouldn’t Only severe and critical those with disease who need more than five times the No. 2 People’s Hospital in thestudyfound.
workindemocracies,arenow caseswerehospitalized,while immediate medical attention, usual number, according to Shenzhen. —FanfanWangandQianwei
implementingsimilar,though mildandasymptomaticcases those known to be infected the official Xinhua News He arrived in Wuhan on ZhanginBeijingcontributed
less draconian, restrictions, wereplacedinmakeshifthos- whohavenooronlymilddis- Agency. Many were sent Feb.9andwasputtoworkin tothisarticle.
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THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL. Wednesday,March25,2020|A9
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Outbreak
SS
RE
P
D
Puts Spain OCIATE
SS
A
Z/
DE
N
A
N
R
On Its Heels FE
U
N
A
M
S;
GE
A
M
I
Y
GETT
This month, tens of thou- essentials.Thelockdown,which SSE/
sands marched in Spain to the government wants to ex- RE
P
commemorate International tenduntilApril11,alsomakes NCE-
Women’s Day, defying warn- exceptionsforemergenciesand RA
F
icnogusldthsaptrseuacdhtlhaergneegwatchoerroinngas- for“pTehoepylsehtooulgdohtaovewdoervke.loped GENCE
virus, which had already in- containment strategies much O/A
fected hundreds of people in earlier,”saidOriolMitja,anin- OZ
P
theMediterraneancountry. fectiousdiseasespecialistand DEL
researcheratHospitalGermans R
A
ByGiovanniLegorano TriasiPujolinBarcelona. OSC
inRomeand Thevirusisstillspreading P:
O
XavierFontdegloria fastinSpainandshowinglit- MT
inBarcelona tle signs of peaking. The dis- RO
F
easehasreachedmostofthe TherapidspreadofcoronavirushasputastrainonmortuaryemployeesinMadrid,above,andnursing-homestaffinthecapital.
Fourdayslater,twogovern- country,especiallyhittingthe
ment ministers who partici- country’s aging population, GrimToll
patedinthemarchwerediag- whichismorelikelytodieof
Spainissufferingoneofthe
nosed with the virus and the thediseasethanyoungpeople,
fastest-growingoutbreaksof
numberofknowninfectionsin andputtingitshospitalsunder
thecoronavirusintheworld.
Spain had quintupled to al- severe strain. Eighty-
most 3,000. Prime Minister seven percent of those who Confirmedcasesanddeaths
PedroSánchez’swife,whoalso have died were 70 or older,
attended the demonstration, echoingsimilartrendsinItaly. Spaincases Spaindeaths
testedpositive. This week, authorities in Italycases Italydeaths
Now, the country has al- Madrid began using a large
70,000cases
most 40,000 cases and more ice-skating rink as a morgue,
than2,700deaths,theworld’s withfuneralhomesstruggling 60,000
third-highest death toll af- toaccommodatethedead.
50,000
terItalyandChina. Spanishlifestyleandculture
Over the past two weeks, madetheacceptanceofsocial 40,000
Spainhassufferedoneofthe distancing slower and more 30,000
fastest-growing outbreaks of difficult. Spaniards are loath
thecoronavirusintheworld, togiveupadeeplyingrained 20,000
becauseofwhatexpertssayis late-nightculture,especiallyin 10,000
a combination of the govern- cities like Madrid or Barce- “Itallwentsoquicklythat painwroughtbythevirus. care units. By Tuesday, more
ment’s slow response to the lona, where central squares, itreallytookusbysurprise,” “Our measures are among than2,600coronaviruspatients 0
pandemic, Spaniards’ active bars and restaurants were saidCristinaSans,a46-year- the mostdrastic taken in the wereinintensive-careunits. 1 10 20 21
nightlife and resistance to crowdeduntillateatnighton oldcivilservantinBarcelona. EuropeanUnion,”HealthMin- Some hospitals had to set DAYSSINCEFIRST100CASES
government-ordered lock- manydaysoftheweek. “Our lives as Spaniards are isterSalvadorIllatoldreport- up improvised intensive-care
Note:ItalydatathoughMarch24,Spaindata
downs.Thesituationissose- Since the lockdown has verysocial.Wearealwaysout ers on Monday. The chal- unitsafterhospitalsranoutof through6:30a.m.ETMarch24.
riousthatauthoritiesfoundel- started,authoritieshavefound andabout.Nowmysociallife lenge, he said, is to ensure space,forinstanceestablishing Sources:Italiangovernment(Italy);Spain's
HealthMinistry(Spain);JohnsHopkinsCSSE
derly people unattended and around 60,000 people failing isonWhatsApp.” Spaniards comply with exist- a 5,500-bed military hospital
(SpaincasesanddeathsforMarch7and
dead in their beds in more to respect the ban on going Mr. Sánchez has rebuffed ingrestrictions.“Weknowit’s inaMadridconferencecenter. March8)
thanonenursinghome. outandhavearrestedaround criticism that he reacted too toughbutitistheonlypathto Some fear older patients
Lessthanaweekafterthe 500.Lastweekend,thepolice late,arguingthathefollowed thedefeatofthevirus.” haven’treceivedenoughcare. sive-care units. “Some units
women’sdaymarch,Mr.Sán- found a group drinking and theadviceofscientificexperts, The pandemic caught the “In normal conditions, we are under a lot of stress, but
chez’s government called a partyinginaclosedbarinthe whichchangedrapidlyoverthe Spanishnationalhealthsystem couldhavesavedtheirlives,”a wehaven’treachedthatpoint
stateofemergencyandplaced southernareaofAlmería,ar- weekafterthewomen’smarch. in an already fragile state, 23-year-old nurse in Madrid in Spain,” said Ricard Ferrer,
the country under lockdown resting one person who re- His government is also re- weakenedbycrisis-erabudget, said. “But now there is not chairmanoftheSpanishSoci-
fortwoweeksinanattemptto sistedanordertostop. sistingcallstohardenthelock- saidMarianoSánchez,spokes- enoughspaceintheintensive- ety of Intensive and Critical
stopthevirus’sspread. But most Spaniards say downbybanningallnonessen- man for an association of careunits.” CareMedicine.
Spaniards are barred from they are following the lock- tialactivities,whichwouldclose health-careworkers.Hospitals Authoritiesdenycoronavi- Spain’s Health Ministry
leaving their homes except to downrulesdespitetheirdiffi- manyofficesandfactoriesand inthehardest-hitareasquickly ruspatientshavediedbecause didn’t reply to a request to
buy food, medicine and other cultyacceptingthem. couldcompoundtheeconomic ran out of beds in intensive- of the lack of space in inten- comment.
Right now,
We all need the right facts.
About handwashing.
The changing price of hand sanitizer.
Facts on how a virus spreads.
How it doesn’t.
Facts that help you to prepare, not panic.
Facts on the market.
How it can recover.
About making investments,
To debunk myths.
Facts that are researched.
And challenge rumor.
Facts which have been fact-checked.
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The facts are needed every day.
They have never been more important.
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A10|Wednesday,March25,2020 THEWALLSTREETJOURNAL.
THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Escalating Crisis Puts the Brakes to Traveling Nurse’s Plans
Asthenew ingacrossthecountryduring todiscernbetweenthenatural thehospitaldoesn’trunout.
coronavirus a pandemic,” Ms. Gundlach congestionthatcomeswithre- “I usually change my mask
forcesbig saidduringaphoneinterview actions and potential signs of everytimeIgointoapatient’s
changesin following her shift Monday thenewvirus,suchasafever, room,”shesaid.Now,however,
howwe morning. coughorshortnessofbreath. she hangs onto the mask the
work,TheWallStreetJour- New York isn’t Ms. Gund- Coronavirus has cast its entire12-hourshift,placingitin
nalislookingathowdiffer- lach’sonlyspoiledplan.Shehad cloud over the intensive-care aZiplocbagbetweenuses.
entpeoplearecopingwith intended to be an itinerant unit she serves. Most of her Reuse of disposable mesh
thestressesandrisks.For nurse for two years, then go patientsaretooyoungtoun- gowns that cover Ms. Gund-
earlierarticlesintheseries, back to school to become a derstandthethreat,butadults lach’s uniform requires the
visitwsj.com/makingitwork. nursepractitioner.Butnoone need a steady hand. Right skillsofacontortionist.“Ihave
can predict how long the cur- now, empathy is important: totakemyglovesoffanddis-
BYJOHND.STOLL rentcrisiswilllast. “Thisaffectsmybedsideman- poseofthemandthenslipout
“This makes me really ner- nerwhenitcomestothepar- of the gown without really
EmilyGundlach’sstintata vousforwhatthefutureholds,” ents.” Ms. Gundlach often touching it. Then wash my
Los Angeles-area pediatric said Ms. Gundlach, a self-de- needstobreakthenewsthat hands,”shesaid.
hospitalwasoriginallyslated scribed worrier. “I really like hospital policy now restricts Ms. Gundlach suspects she
to be a three-month gig. A plans.Iliketohaveanideaof in-roomvisitorstooneparent mayeventuallycomeincontact
Louisianian with wanderlust, what’snext.” H atatime. withsomeoneinfectedbycoro-
she recently signed on as a A surge of coronavirus pa- DLAC “That can be kind of hard navirus, and her hospital will
“traveling nurse” so she can tients and nursing shortages UN to have a conversation with alsohavetotreattheinfection.
G
sinpgenadroaucnodutphleeoUf.Sy.eianrstejummppo-- hinagsbnouorssetesd, wdehmicahndrefporretsreanvtela- MILY pfraursetnratste,”dsIhseasya‘iId’m.“Ivfetrhyesyogrreyt Finogrinnocwo,ntthreolfeweeliinghgsoofnnohterb.e-
E
raryroles. smallsliceofthetotalnursing EmilyGundlach’splannedmovetoNewYorkCityisonholdfornow. thisismakingthingsmoredif- ThisisherfirsttimeinCal-
Asthecoronaviruscrisises- workforce.CompanieslikeSan ficultforyou.’” ifornia, but she can’t partake
calated, Ms. Gundlach’s plans Diego-based Aya Healthcare, hospital’scareareyoung,and dlachdidn’twanttoidentifyout Ms.Gundlachisyoungbut in the outdoor activities that
changed. Instead of going to withwhomMr.Gundlachworks, Ms.Gundlachsaidtherehave ofprivacyconcerns,employsa battle-tested.Duringherfirst manylocalsrelyonforstress
New York City for a fresh as- recruit these nurses and con- been no confirmed cases at restricted-visitor policy. It two years as a nurse in New reduction.
signment at the end of April, nectthemtohospitalslooking thehospitalthroughMonday, screens everyone who enters Orleans,shesometimesfound Instead,she’swatchingher
the26-year-oldpediatricnurse forshort-termcontracthelp. although certain patients and designates a coronavirus- herselfamongthemostexpe- share of Netflix. She also
willstayinSouthernCalifornia Her assignment puts her won’thaveacoronavirusdiag- updatenurseeverydaytotell rienced. paints andwantstodiveback
anadditionalfourweeks. nearLosAngeles,acitywitha nosisruledoutuntiltestsare staff the latest developments One thing she didn’t worry into a favorite activity: read-
“I feel a little bit uncom- relativelyhighnumberofcon- completed. andprocedures.Ms.Gundlach, aboutinNewOrleans:Conserv- ing. “I’ve got a lot of books I
fortable picking up and mov- firmedcases.Thoseunderher Thehospital,whichMs.Gun- whohasallergies,isencouraged ingmission-criticalsuppliesso wanttogetthrough.”
Workers
DeliverymanBrings
Thrust to HometheBacon
Front Lines
Manyfeelluckytobeget-
tingapaycheck,evenifitis
wellsouthofsixfigures.Nick
Lawrence,adeliveryworker,
ContinuedfromPageOne hopestocrackthatbarrier.
makingsurethatmerchandiseWSJ Heisworkingaroundthe
pricesringupproperlyattheOR clockinSanFrancisco,going
F
registers. In the coronavirusKI inandoutofsupermarkets
S
crisis, everybody does every-AL andstores,scouringshelves
thing,fromstockingshelvestoBUJ andhuntingaislestobring
bagginggroceries.Thesuper-HEL groceriestothehomesof
marketchainhasbumpedtheRAC customerswhoorderfrom
hourly pay of current unionSJ; app-basedshoppingcompa-
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workers, including Ms. Babi-R niesInstacartandShipt.
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neau,by10%andwillofferex-F Eachday,Mr.Lawrence
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trapaidsicktimeiftheymustW juggleshowbesttostay
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self-quarantine. CO healthyindozensofinterac-
Ms.BabineauisaccustomedSEY tionswithclients,shoppers
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toNewEnglandersrushingtheVE andstoreclerkswhiletrying
store for milk and bread be-P: toearnasmuchashecan.
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foreblizzards.Panickedshop-MT Thatrequireshimto
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persthesedaysaredifferent,R makethemostofeverymo-
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she said. They have waited KayWillis,asupervisoratawatertreatmentplantinRaleigh,N.C.,above.VinceHayniecheckshisnextfooddeliveryinChico,Calif. ment.Hehasmemorized
early outside for the store to storeaislesandthebest
open. Some nearly ran down compartment.“Whatcanyou travelroutestodeliverthe
aisles to fill their carts to do? I’ll keep coming in until goodsinhis2017Mazda
overflowing. theytellmenotto.” CX-5.
Onarecentday,anelderly AttheE.M.Johnsonwater- Mr.Lawrence,39years
couplestaredatashelfbareof treatment plant in Raleigh, old,attendedCityCollegeof
toilet paper. The woman N.C., workers check water SanFrancisco,hopingtobe-
seemedonthevergeoftears. quality,cleanfiltersandtrack comeanengineer.He
“I’mscared,”shesaid. the delivery of chemicals. droppedoutin2012whenhis
Ms. Babineau marched to- They no longer hold daily motherdied.Intheyearsthat
ward a shopper with two meetings. Now, they send followed,hetoyedwiththe
loaded carts and pressed the email from one end of the ideaofstartingadog-adven-
woman into giving up one sprawlingfacilitytotheother. tureordog-treatbusiness,he
packageforthecouple. They take their lunch breaks said,then“shoppingkindof
ThenMs.Babineauwentto alone. tookovermylife.”
thebreakroomandcried.“It’s Kay Willis, a 49-year-old Heisontracktomake
very emotional,” she supervisor, misses working $100,000thisyear,hesaid.
said.“Thisisfor,howlong?” face-to-face with the people Themoneyisgoodbuthe
Her worries extend to her shecallstheteambehindthe hasnohealthinsuranceand
tap.“It’slikebeinginaghost canbarelyaffordtolivein
town,”shesaid. thecity,oneofthemostex-
Theyseetheirjob, Sheshufflesworkshiftsto pensiveintheU.S.
accommodatechangingchild- “Youdon’twanttoburn
supplyingwaterto
care needs of employees. For yourselfout,”Mr.Lawrence
Raleigh,N.C.,as herself,sheinstalledin-home advised.“Youdon’twantto
cameras to keep watch over getsick.”
fundamental.
her70-year-oldmother,whois —AlejandroLazo
recoveringfromalongillness.
Ms. Willis’s team has
trained for storms, a dam sonal aide isn’t easy, even in hetakesoffhisshoeswhenhe deadly 2018 Camp Fire. He tookatestforthecoronavirus
younggrandson,Ms.Babineau break and water contamina- normaltimes.Heisguidedby entersMr.Lyon’shouse. carriesmealordersforDoor- disease,whichcamebackneg-
said.Shevisitstheboyfarless tion. Pandemics were never knowing that if he doesn’t Half the job, Mr. Haynie Dashandotherapp-basedde- ative.
thanshewouldlike,afraidof covered.Ms.Willisisprepared show up, Teddy Lyon, an el- said, is listening to the older liverycompanies. The prison lifted the lock-
accidentallypassingthevirus. to stay at the plant if neces- derly disabled man, would man’s fears, knowing he has Mr. Haynie said his faith down. Yet guards remain on
Her husband of nearly 40 sary.Shekeepsasleepingbag likelygowithoutfood,aclean nofamilytocareforhim.He keeps him going: “I have a alert,usheringinmatestothe
years is also at risk. He is a andclothesinherlocker. house or a ride to the phar- sometimes lends the older covenant that keeps me pro- recreation yard in small
76-year-old retiree with Sheandhercrewseetheir macy. man money, he said, or buys tected.” groupstoletthemkeepafew
chronicobstructivepulmonary job,supplyingmostofthewa- Workersprovidingin-home Mr. Lyon groceries on week- The coronavirus adds an- feetofdistance.
disease. “What if I bring it tertoRaleigh,asfundamental. servicestotheelderlyanddis- ends, a time when he is off other layer of stress to the Prisonsinseveralstates,in-
home?”shesaid. “Theysay,‘It’sjustaglass abledareamongthosefacing theclock. workofprisonguardRichard cluding Rhode Island, have
At the end of her 9-hour of water,’ but it’s not. It’s so dangerforthemselvesaswell “He pushes the envelope,” Ferruccio. He arrived last suspended family visits, as
workday,Ms.Babineauheads important,”shesaid.“Notev- asthepeopletheyserve. Mr. Haynie said. “He knows I Wednesday for a 3 to 11 p.m. well as such activities as in-
home.Shethrowsherclothes erythingisaboutgettingpat- Mr. Haynie, a pastor to a don’t work on the weekends, shift, and the 900-plus in- personGEDclassesandBible
inthewasherandshowersbe- tedontheback.Somepeople small congregation, believes buthe’stextingme.” matesatJohnJ.Moranmen’s study.“Workingintheprison
foregreetingherhusband. do it because it has to be hisChristianfaithshieldshim After wrapping up his in- medium-security prison in yougetpreparedforallkinds
Train operator Dennis done.” fromsickness,eveninapan- home care work, Mr. Haynie Cranston, R.I., were on lock- of stuff,” said Mr. Ferruccio,
Smith, a 30-year veteran of VinceHaynie,56,ofChico, demic. He washes his hands deliversfoodtopeoplearound down.Threeinmateshadflu- 55.“Butthistakesthingstoa
theMassachusettsBayTrans- Calif., said working as a per- regularlyasaprecaution,and Butte County, the site of the like symptoms. One of them wholenewlevel.”
portationAuthority,staysmo-
tivatedbylookingatthefaces JobsatRisk,JobsinNeed
of his subway passengers
Job-lossriskfromCovid-19*
boarding Boston’s Blue Line,
manyofthemwearingjanitor HIGHRISK
uniforms or nursing-aide
16.9million
scrubs. He knows they have Leisure&hospitality
jobs
jobsasessentialashis—both
Transportation 5.7
to the public and to keeping
uptheirownhouseholds. Employmentservices 3.7
“Theyarepaychecktopay-
Mining 0.7
check,”saidMr.Smith,54.“If
they didn’t go to work, they Travelarrangements 0.2
probably wouldn’t have any- AL
where to live in a couple of RN
weeks.” LOWRISK JOU
theRreidaerreshfeipwiesrwtraayindsorwunn,nainngd. Government 22.7 STREET
Mr. Smith’s train smelled Healthcare 20.8 ALL
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stronglyofdisinfectant.Itre- Professionalservices 17.7 HE
mindsridersabouttherisksof T
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public transit, the enclosed Financialactivities 8.9 FO
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publicspaceswheregermscan A
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livefordaysoneverysurface. Informationservices 2.4 MC
Y
“Ifsomeoneonthetrainis Utilities 0.5 ASZ
sneezing, it could be coming N
A
onme,”Mr.Smithsaid,glanc- *estimatefromFebruary KAY
ingattheventinhisdriver’s Sources:DepartmentofLabor(jobs);Moody'sAnalytics(risk) TrainoperatorDennisSmithchecksforpassengersataBostonsubwaystop.