The vision of Didymus the Blind : a fourth-century virtue-origenism

290 Pages·2015·1.594 MB·English

by  Bayliss, Grant David

OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION
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J. BARTON M. J. EDWARDS
M. N. A. BOCKMUEHL G. D. FLOOD
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OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
The Vision of Didymus
the Blind
A Fourth-Century Virtue-Origenism
GRANT D. BAYLISS
1
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
3
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Acknowledgements
uxoriliberisquemeis
›Ił(cid:2)ı(cid:3)c(cid:4)Ł(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:4),(cid:6)ŪcŒÆd(cid:6)Æ(cid:7)cæ(cid:7)B(cid:4)IºÅŁ(cid:2)(cid:8)Æ(cid:4)(cid:9)(cid:6)(cid:10)æåø(cid:11),
(cid:12)P(cid:3)Øƺ(cid:2)(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:2)Ø(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:7)b(cid:6)ÆØ(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:13)ø(cid:11)ŒÆd(cid:3)Ø(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)Œø(cid:11)
(cid:7)(cid:12)f(cid:4)(cid:15)(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:8)(cid:16)ø(cid:4)(cid:6)ÆæÆ(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:17)(cid:14)Æ(cid:11)(cid:7)Æ(cid:4)(cid:15)Æı(cid:7)(cid:12)f(cid:4)
(cid:6)æe(cid:4)(cid:7)eåøæ(cid:2)E(cid:11)(cid:7)a(cid:7)(cid:12)F±ª(cid:8)(cid:12)ı(cid:6)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:13)(cid:16)Æ(cid:7)(cid:12)(cid:4)åÆæ(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:16)Æ(cid:7)Æ.
Didymus,CommentaryonZechariah
2.182.8–11(3.1)
Thisbookhasbeenrathertoomanyyearsinthemakingsincemyinitialforays
into the fate of Alexandrian exegesis after Origen first led me to the then
largelyunexaminedTouraworksofDidymus.SoIamprofoundlygratefulto
all those who supported me and encouraged me along the way, even as
I struggled to balance first parochial ministry, then chaplaincy and seminary
teaching,alongsideresearch.IwouldnotbewhereIamwithouttheloveand
kindness of the parishes and people of the Bridge Group, Dorchester and
PrestburyandAllSaints,Cheltenham,ofthestudentsandfellowsofStJohn’s
College, Cambridge, and of the ordinands and faculty of Ripon College
Cuddesdon, Oxford. Fr Stephen Gregory and Fr Michael Cozens deserve
especial mention both for their grace and support of my academic projects,
asdoesFrDavidHoyleforhiswisdomatakeytime.
All errors of fact or interpretation are of course my own but I owe an
enormous debt to my doctoral supervisor, Mark Edwards, for all his insights
andadviceoverfifteenyears,aswellastoFrancesYoung,MorwennaLudlow,
and Rowan Greer for their perceptive comments at various stages. I remain
gratefultotheTheologyFacultyofOxfordUniversityandWolfsonCollege,as
wellastheMinistryDivisionoftheChurchofEngland,forfundingmyDPhil
studentship and to Diarmaid MacCulloch and the Oxford Theology and
ReligionMonographsCommitteefortheirenduringpatience,evenasrepeat-
eddeadlineshaveslippedby.
FinallyIwouldliketoexpressmyprofoundestthankstomywife,Christine,
for all her love and practical support—without her truly nothing would be
possible.
AMDG
Oxford
Epiphany2014
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
Table of Contents
ListofAbbreviations viii
Introduction:AFourth-Century‘Virtue-Origenism’ 1
PartI: Background
1. DidymusthroughtheEyesofOthers 8
2. TeachingVirtue 30
3. FootprintsintheSand:AssessingtheDidymeanCorpus 46
4. ReadingVirtue:Didymusand‘Elevated’Exegesis 56
PartII: DidymusandtheDoctrineofVirtue
5. Virtue,Reality,andthePre-existenceoftheSoul 90
6. TheCalltoVirtue 120
7. NumberingtheVirtues 145
PartIII: DidymusandtheDoctrineofSin
8. PsychologyandthePathologyofSin 175
9. TheDoctrineofPre-Passion 201
10. Interpreting‘Original’Sin 221
Afterword 239
Bibliography 245
Index 269
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
List of Abbreviations
Works of Didymus are cited without reference to the author and in the case of the
Touraworksaccordingtopublishedvolume,papyruspage,andlinenumber.(Forthe
CommentaryonZechariah,theinternalbookdivisionandDoutreleau’sparagraphing
aregiveninbrackets.)
C.Man. ContraManichaeos
D.S.S. DeSpirituSancto
EcclT Lecture-NotesonEcclesiastes
GenT CommentaryonGenesis
HiobT CommentaryonJob
Incorp. DeIncorporeo
IoT Lecture-NotesonJohn
Philos. AdPhilosophum
PrT Minutes(Protokoll)ofaDialoguewithaHeretic
PsT Lecture-NotesonPsalms
Theoph. SermodeTheophania
Trin. DeTrinitate
Thefollowingabbreviationsarecommontoallauthors:
Comm. Commentarii
Ep. Epistulae
H.E. HistoriaEcclesiae
Hom. Homiliae
ReferencestomoreorlesscompleteexegeticalworksaregivenintheformHom.Gen.
orComm.Gen.(employingLatintitles)followedbyinternalnumbering,tofragments
asInGen.followedbythebiblicalverse.
Alcin. Alcinous
Didasc. PlatonisDogmatumDidascalicusLiber
Ambr. AmbroseofMilan
Apol.David DeApologiaProphetaeDavid
Bon.Mort. DeBonoMortis
Excess.Sat. DeExcessuFratrisSatyris
Exp.Luc. ExpositioEvangeliisecundamLucam
Noe DeNoeetarca
Parad. DeParadiso
Ant.Aeg. AntonyofEgypt
Ant.Mel. AntonyMelissa
Sent. Sententiae(LociCommunes)
Aphr. AphrahatofPersia
Dem. Demonstrationes(Expositiones)
Apoll. ApollinariusofLaodicea
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,8/8/2015,SPi
ListofAbbreviations ix
AdIul. AdIulianum
Dem. DemonstratiodeDivinaIncarnationeadSimilitudinemHominis
(Apodeixis)
Fid.Sec.Part. FidesSecundumPartem(KataMerosPistis)
Apul. L.ApuleiusofMadaura
Plat. DePlatoneeteiusDogmate
Arist. AristotleofStagira
Anal.Post. AnalyticaPosteriora
Anal.Pr. AnalyticaPriora
Anim. DeAnima
Cat. Categoriae
E.E. EthicaEudemia
E.N. EthicaNicomachea
Gen.Animal. DeGenerationeAnimalium
Hist.Animal. DeHistoriaAnimalium
Int. DeInterpretatione
Met. Metaphysica
M.M. MagnaMoralia
Mot.Animal. DeMotuAnimalium
Phys. Physica
Poet. Poetica
Rhet. Rhetorica
Top. Topica
Ps.-Arist.
Mund. DeMundo
Athan. AthanasiusofAlexandria
C.Ar. ContraArianos
C.Gen. ContraGentes
Decr. DeDecretisNicaenaeSynodi
Ep.adSerap. EpistulaeadSerapionem
Ep.Encycl EpistulaEncyclica
Ep.Fest. EpistulaeFestivales
Hist.Aceph. HistoriaAcephala
Hist.Arian HistoriaArianorumadMonachos
Incarn. DeIncarnatione
Syn. EpistuladeSynodisAriminietSeleuciae
Vit.Ant. VitaAntonii
Ps.-Athan.
C.Apoll. DeIncarnationeContraApollinarium
Dial.Mont. DialexisMontanistaeetOrthodoxi
Dial.Trin. DeSanctaTrinitateDialogi
Serm.Fid. SermoMaiordeFide(EpistulaadAntiochenos)
Athenag. AthenagorasofAthens
Leg. LegatioproChristianis(Supplicatio)
Ps.-Athenag.
Res. DeResurrectioneMortuorum