The Very Large Telescope Interferometer Challenges for the Future

313 Pages·2003·9.702 MB·English

by  David Mouillet (auth.), Paulo J. V. Garcia, Andreas Glindemann, Thomas Henning, Fabien Malbet (eds.)

THE VERY LARGE TELESCOPE
INTERFEROMETER
CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE
A JENAM 2002 Workshop
Porto, Portugal
3-5 September 2002
Edited by:
PAULO J.V. GARCIA
Centro de Astroflsica da Universidade do Porto,
Porto, Portugal
ANDREAS GLINDEMANN
European Southern Observatory
Garching, Germany
THOMAS HENNING
Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie
Heidelberg, Germany
FABIEN MALBET
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
Grenoble, France
Reprinted from Astrophysics and Space Science
Volume 286, Nos. 1-2,2003
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The Very Large Telescope Interferometer-challenges for the future / edited by Paulo J.Y.
Garcia ... [et al.].
p.cm.
Proceedings of a workshop held as part of JENAM 2002 organized by Sociedade
Portuguesa de Astronomia and held on Sept. 5-7, 2002 at the Departamentos de Matema
tica Aplicada e Matematica Pura da Universidade do Porto.
ISBN 978-90-481-6379-3 ISBN 978-94-017-0157-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-0157-0
1. Very Large Telescope Interferometer - Congresses I. Garcia, Paulo 1. Y.
2003055495
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2003
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword
Vll
INTERFEROMETRY PRIMERS
D. MOUILLET / Interferometry Theory Primer 3
M. SCHOLLER / Optical Interferometry - A Practice Primer 17
THE VLTI AND OTHER INTERFEROMETERS
A. Glindemann, 1. ALGOMEDO, R AMESTICA, P. BALLESTER, B. BAUVIR,
E. BUGUENO, S. CORREIA, F. DELGADO, F. DELPLANCKE,
F. DERIE, Ph. DUHOUX, E. DI FOLCO, A. GENNAI, B. GILLI,
P. GIORDANO, Ph. GITTON, S. GUISARD, N. HOUSEN,
A. HUXLEY, P. KERVELLA, M. KIEKEBUSCH, B. KOEHLER,
S. LEVEQUE, A. LONGINOTTI, S. MENARDI, S. MOREL,
F. PARESCE, T. PHAN DUC, A. RICHICHI, M. SCHOLLER,
M. TARENGHI, A. WALLANDER, M. WITTKOWSKI and
R. WILHELM / The VLTI - A Status Report 35
T. HERBST / Interferometry with the Large Binocular Telescope 45
VLTI INSTRUMENTS AND TOOLS
RG. PETROV and The AMBER Consortium / Introducing The Near Infrared
VLTI Instrument AMBER to its Users 57
C. GIL, K. PERRAUT and O. PREIS / Preparation of the AMBER Integrations 69
C. LEINERT, U. GRASER, F. PRZYGODDA, L.B.F.M. WATERS,
G. PERRIN, W. JAFFE, B. LOPEZ, E.I. BAKKER, A. BOHM,
O. CHESNEAU, W.D. COTION, S. DAMSTRA, J. DE JONG,
A.W. GLAZENBORG-KLUTTIG, B. GRIMM, H. HANENBURG,
W. LAUN, R LENZEN, S. LIGORI, R.I. MATHAR, J. MEISNER,
S. MOREL, W. MORR, U. NEUMANN, 1.-W. PEL, P. SCHULLER,
R.-R. ROHLOFF, B. STECKLUM, C. STORZ, O. VON DER LUHE
and K. WAGNER / MIDI - the 10 /Lm Instrument on the VLTI 73
F. PRZYGODDA, o. CHESNEAU, U. GRASER and Ch. LEINERT / Inter-
ferometric Observation at Mid-Infrared Wave-Lengths with MIDI 85
M. FRIDLUND AND Ph. GONDOIN / GENIE - The Darwin Demonstrator 93
F. DELPLANCKE, F. DERIE, F. PARESCE, A. GLINDEMANN, F. LEVY,
S. LEVEQUE and S. MENARDI / PRIMA for the VLTI - Science 99
I. PERCHERON, A. RICHICHI and M. WITTKOWSKI / The VLTI Calibrat-
ors Program: Getting Ready for High Accuracy Measurements 105
I. PASCUCCI, Th. HENNING, J. STEINACKER and S. WOLF / 2D/3D Dust
Continuum Radiative Transfer Codes to Analyze and Predict VLTI
Observations 113
J.A. MEISNER / Scientific and Technical Results from VINCI Using Coherent
Estimation of Fringe Visibility 119
INTERFEROMETRIC SCIENCE
F. MALBET / Probing The Close Environment of Young Stellar Objects with
Interferometry 131
F.P. WILKIN and R.L. AKESON / Palomar Testbed Interferometer Observa-
tions of Young Stellar Objects 145
C. DOUGADOS, J. BOUVIER, G. DUVERT, P.J.V. GARCIA and
D.F.M. FOLHA / Probing the Magnetosphere in Young Stars with
AMBERlVLTI 151
F. BACCIOTTI, L. TESTI, A. MARCONI, PJ.v. GARCIA, T.P. RAY,
J. EISLOFFEL and C. DOUGADOS / Unveiling the Launching Region
of YSO Jets with AMBER 157
C. HANIFF / Imaging Stars and Their Environments with the VLTI 163
E. THIEBAUT, PJ.V. GARCIA and R. FOY / Imaging with AmberNLTI: The
Case of Microjets 171
B.F. LANE / Pulsating Stars 177
M. MARENGO, M. KAROVSKA, D.D. SASSELOV, C. PAPALIOLIOS,
J.T. ARMSTRONG and T.E. NORDGREN / Cepheid Limb Darkening
Models for the VLTI 185
S. CORREIA, A. RICHICHI and M. SCHOLLER / Prospects of High Angular
Resolution Measurements of Binary Stars Properties with VLTI 191
G. PERRIN / Interferometry: The Tool to Study Giant, Supergiant and Mira
Stars 197
J. HRON, W. NOWOTNY, R. GAUTSCHY-LOIDL and S. HaFNER / Syn-
thetic Radii and Visibilities for Pulsating Red Giants 213
A. RICHICHI and M. WITTKOWSKI / First VLTI Observations of Mira Stars 219
P. STEE / Active Hot Star Shells 225
A. NIEDZIELSKI/The Wolf-Rayet Stars at High (Spatial) Resolution 237
A. MARCONI, R. MAIOLINO and R.G. PETROV / Extragalactic Astronomy
with the VLTI: A New Window on the Universe 245
G. DAIGNE, P. CHARLOT, C. DUCOURANT and J.-F. LESTRADE / Poten-
tial of the VLTI for Linking Stellar Frames to ICRF 255
M. KAROVSKA, M. ELVIS and M. MARENGO / Distances on Cosmological
Scales with VLTI 261
THE VLTI FUTURE
A. ECKART, T. BERTRAM, N. MOUAWAD, T. VIEHMANN, C. STRAUB
MEIER and J. ZUTHER / Long Range Science Perspectives for the
VLTI 269
A. QUIRRENBACH / Next Generation Instrumentation for the Very Large
Telescope Interferometer 277
D. MOURARD, O. LARDIERE, B. LOPEZ, F. MALBET and P. STEE /
Second Generation Instrumentation for the VLTI: The French VLTI
Connection 291
F. PARESCE / The VLTI: Challenges for the Future 297
Astrophysics and Space Science publishes original contributions, invited reviews and conference
proceedings over the entire range of Astronomy and Astrophysics. It publishes observational and
theoretical papers as well as those concerned with the techniques of instrumentation. Observational
papers can include data from ground-based, space, and atmospheric facilities. Astrophysics and Space
Science has published, and continues to publish, landmark papers in its field and is an indispensable
source of information for professional astronomers, astrophysicists and space scientists.
Photocopying. In the U.S.A.: This journal is registered at the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222
Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, U.S.A.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of spe
cific clients, is granted by Springer-Science+Busire;sMedia,BV for users registered with the Copyright Clear
ance Center (CCC). The 'services' for users ccan be found on the internet at: www.copyright.com.
For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy licence, a separate system of payment
has been arranged. Authorization does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as that for general
distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale.
In the rest of the world: Permission to photocopy must be obtained from the copyright owner. Please
apply to SIXinger-Scieoce+BusinessMedia,BV
AstlVphysics and Space Science is published bimonthly.
Subscription prices (2003, 6 volumes of 4 issues): EUR 2849.001USD 2853.00 (print or electronic
access); for print and electronic access, please add 20%.
Periodicals postage paid at Rahway, N.J. USPS No. 035-140.
U.S. Mailing Agent: Mercury Airfreight International Ltd., 365 Blair Road, Avenel, NJ 07001.
Published by Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.
Postmaster: Please send all address corrections to Astrophysics and Space Science, c/o Mercury
Airfreight International Ltd., 365 Blair Road, Avenel, NJ 07001, U.S.A.
Printed on acid-free paper
FOREWORD
The workshop on The Very Large Telescope Interferometer: Challenges for the
Future, which was part of JENAM 2002 organised by Sociedade Portuguesa de
Astronomia, took place at the Departamentos de Matematica Aplicada e Matemclt
ica Pura da Universidade do Porto (FCUP) from the 5th to the 7th of September
2002.
The Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) is the major interferometric
facility in the world, operated by the European Southern Observatory. It is a unique
facility as it is available to the community and has a sensitivity that will bring into
reach vast classes of objects in the fields of planet searches, star formation and
evolution and extragalatic astrophysics. The VLTI was open to the community on
a shared risk basis in March 2002. This workshop was therefore an ideal place to
obtain a broad view of optical interferometry and its scientific prospects.
The workshop started with a presentation of the basics of interferometry the
ory/practice, then of the VLT, Keck and LBT interferometers. The VLTI instru
ments MIDI and AMBER were introduced to its users as well as specific cal
ibration and modelling tools. The bulk of the workshop addressed astrophysics
being currently done with interferometers with very high quality reviews in the
fields star formation, imaging, pulsating stars, Mira stars, active stellar shells and
extragalactic astronomy. The workshop featured some talks presenting fresh VLTI
data using the VINCI commissioning instrument. Finally the future of the VLTI
was discussed in the context of long range science perspectives and second gener
ation instrumentation.
We would like to thank all referees for their excellent work towards improving
the quality of the workshop papers.
Financial support for the workshop participants and proceedings came from
research grants from the Centro de Astroffsica da Universidade do Porto, Funda9ao
para a Ciencia e Tecnologia, Programa Operacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e In
ova9ao do Quadro Comunitario de Apoio III and from the European Southern
Observatory. The European Space Agency contributed towards the JENAM 2002
Abstract Book.
We are grateful to the CAUP system managers (Manuel Monteiro and Julio
Carreira), to the popUlarisation unit (Filipe Pires, Nelminha Silva, Ricardo Reis,
Elsinha Silva and Jorge Martins) and to Darren O'Brien who provided crucial
support on many occasions.
Astrophysics and Space Science 286: vii-xvi, 2003.
© 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
viii FOREWORD
We acknowledge the efficient support from Kluwer during the editing of the
proceedings. Cover images credits are from the European Southern Observatory
(ESO). The book cover was designed by Richardo Reis.
Last, but not least, a special word of thanks must go to Mario Monteiro and
the rest of the JENAM LOC (Vitor Costa, Joao Fernandes, Jorge Filipe Gameiro,
Joao Lima, Catarina Lobo, Carlos Martins and Margarida Serote Roos) for the
impressive amount of work done in maintaining all the JENAM 2002 backbone.
Paulo J. V. Garcia
Andreas Glindemann
Thomas Henning
Fabien Malbet
ix
COMMITTEES
Workshop Scientific Organising Committee:
Malcolm Fridlund ESA, The Netherlands
Paulo J. V. Garcia Porto, Portugal
Andreas Glindeman ESO, Germany
Chris Haniff Cambridge, United Kingdom
Thomas Henning Heidelberg, Germany
Fabien Malbet Grenoble, France
Didier Queloz Geneve, Switzerland
Andreas Quirrenbach Leiden, The Netherlands
Leonardo Testi Arcetri, Italy
JENAM 2002 Local Organising Committee:
Vitor Costa (CAUP & ISEP)
Joao Fernandes (OAUC)
Jorge Filipe Gameiro (CAUP & DMA-FCUP)
Joao Lima (CAUP & DMA-FCUP)
Catarina Lobo (CAUP & DMA-FCUP)
Carlos Martins (CAUP & Cambridge)
Mario Monteiro (CAUP & DMA-FCUP, Chair)
Margarida Serote Roos (CAAUL)
x COMMITTEES