The vascular plant flora of the Bellotos del Melado National Reserve, VII Region, Chile: A documented checklist

23 Pages·2000·6.5 MB·English

by  Mary T K Arroyo

Guyana Bot. 57(2): 117-139, 2000 ISSN 0016-5301
THE VASCULAR PLANT FLORAOFTHE BELLOTOS DEL MELADO
NATIONALRESERVE, VII REGIÓN, CHILE: A DOCUMENTED
CHECKLIST
LA FLORA VASCULARDELA RESERVA NACIONALBELLOTOS
DELMELADO, VIIREGIÓN, CHILE: UNCATALOGO
DOCUMENTADO
MaryT. K.Arroyo1, OsearMatthei2, ClodomiroMarticorena2, MélicaMuñoz3,
Fernanda Pérez' andAna María Humana1
ABSTRACT acetosella)arefoundamongthe46exoticspeciesdocu-
mentedforthereserve.Herbariumspecimenshavebeen
The vascularplant floraofthe vegetationally diverse, depositedinCONCandSGO.
scenically endowed Bellotos del Melado National Re-
servecontained in theChilean National ProtectedÁrea Keywords: Bellotosdel Melado National Reserve, pro-
System (SNASPE) and located in theAndesofRegión tectedárea,endemism,exoticspecies,floristicchecklist,
VII(35°S)inthemediterranean-typeclimateáreaofChile biodiversity conservation.
isdocumented,basedonintensivefieldexploration.and
the herborization and identification of> 800plantcol- RESUMEN
lections.Thesmall reserve,covering417hectares,con-
tainsspeciesandtheirsubtaxatotaling 297. in 295 spe-
cies,representing79familiesand 190genera. 84.5%of Sedocumenta lafloravascularde la ReservaNacional
theflora(251 species including subtaxa) is native. and BellotosdelMeladodelSNASPEchileno,ubicadaenlos
29.5%ofthenativefloraisendemictocontinentalChile. AndesdelaVIIRegión(35°S),enbaseaunprogramade
Comparison with similarorsmaller-sized protectedár- exploraciónintensivaenterrenoylaherborizacióneiden-
eas in the mediterranean-typeclimateáreaofChile, for tificaciónde>800colecciones.Lapequeñaáreaprotegi-
whichpublishedfloristiclistsareavailable,suggeststhat da,con unasuperficiede417 hectáreas, alberga297es-
the Bellotosdel Meladoreserve isrich inrelationtoits peciesy subtaxas,en 295 especies, lasque representan
size. The reserve proteetsthe following woody species 79 familias y 190géneros. Un 84,5% de laflora (251
recognized to have conservation problems in the Red especiesysubtaxa)esnativa,yun29,5%delafloranati-
Book on the Chilean Native Flora: Beilschmiedia vaesendémicaaChilecontinental. Unacomparaciónde
berteroana, Orites myrtoidea, Notlwfagus glauca. las florasdeotrasáreasprotegidasen lazonamediterrá-
Austrocedruschilensis, Maytenus chubutensisand Cit- neadeChile,paralascualesexistenlistasflorísticaspubli-
ronellamucronata. Five ofthe world's most invasive cadas,permitesugerirquelafloradeBellotosdelMelado
exotic species (Conium maculatum, Circium vulgare, es ricaen relación asu pequeñasuperficie. Lareserva
Hordeum murinum, Leucanthemum vulgare. Rumex protege las siguientesespecies leñosas, reconocidas por
presentarproblemasdeconservaciónenel LibroRojode
laFloraTerrestredeChile:Beilschmiediaberteroana.Orites
myrtoidea, Nothofagusglauca.Austrocedruschilensis.
'CenterforAdvancedStudiesinEcologyandResearch Maytenuschubutensisy Citronellamucronata. Cincode
onBiodiversity,DepartamentodeBiología,Facultadde lasespeciesmásinvasorasdelmundo(Coniummaculatum.
Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla653, Santiago. Circium vulgare, Hordeum murinum. Leucanthemum
vulgare.Rumexacetosella)seencuentranentrelas46es-
Chile. E-niail: southernCs'abello.dic.uchile.cl. peciesexóticasdocumentadas paralareserva. Sehade-
^DepartamentodeBotánica,FacultaddeCienciasNatu- positadomaterialdeherbarioenCONCySGO.
ralesyOceanógraficas,UniversidaddeConcepción.Ca-
silla 160-C.Concepción,Chile Palabrasclaves: ReservaNacional Bellotosdel Mela-
'SecciónBotánica,MuseoNacionaldeHistoriaNatural. do,áreaprotegida,especiesendémicas,especiesadven-
Casilla787,Santiago,Chile. ticias,catálogoFlorístico,conservacióndebiodiversidad.
117
Gayana Bot. 57(2), 2000
INTRODUCTION along the main permanentwatercourse, composed
ofamixtureoftypical mediterranean sclerophyllous
The Bellotes del Melado National Reserve, trees (e.g. Beilschmiedia berteroana (Lauraceae),
contained in the Chilean National ProtectedÁrea huma apiculata (DC.) Burret (Myrtaceae), Quillaja
System (SNASPE), is locatedintheVIIRegiónof saponaria Molina (Rosaceae)) mixed with more
Chile, toward the southern extreme of the typical seasonal rainforest species (Laurelia
mediterranean-typeclimateárea(Fig. 1).Thereserve sempervirens(RuizetPav.)Tul. (Monimiaceae)and
derivesitsñamefromthevernacularñame"bellote" Hydrangea serratifolia (Hook. et Arn.) F.Phil.
of Beilschmiedia berteroana (Gay) Kosterm. (Hydrangeaceae)); d) subalpine scrub, containing
(Lauraceae), arareendemic treerestrictedto alim- typical high elevation small shrubs and perennial
ited numberofpopulations in theCoastRange and herbs, suchasNassauviaaculeata (Less.) Poepp. et
theAndes. The Bellotes del Meladoprotected área Endl., Ourisia microphylla Poepp. et Endl.
was established in 1995 by the Corporación (Scrophulariaceae), Tropaeolum leptophyllum
Nacional Forestal (CONAF) (Muñoz etal. 1996). G.Don (Tropaeolaceae) and Viviania ovata Phil.
Coveringanáreaof417hectares,itislocatednorth (Vivianiaceae).Althoughthemajorvegetation types
and north-east of the confluence of Quebrada are fully intact, evidence ofsporadic selective log-
HornilloswiththeRíoAncoa,onthesteepsouthern ging in the pastcan be found. During the summer
slopes ofCerro El Melado, withnearvertical rock months, the reserve isthe main conduitto summer
faces from 1200-1500 m upward, and spaning an pasturesintheLinaresAndeseastofCerroMelado.
elevational gradient of 900-2010 m. Quebrada Large herdsofcattle arepassed throughthe south-
Hornillos isthemain andonlypermanentlargewa- ernandwestem sidesofthereservealongwidetra-
ter course. There are several ephemeral water ditional access routes to high elevation herbfields.
courses coming offCerro Melado, which are dry A numberofsites in deciduous Nothofagus forest
duringthe summermonths.Annual precipitation at are usedannually asreststopsfortheherds.
Linares (157 m), site ofthe closest long-function- Judging by a lack ofmaterial herbarium in
ingweatherstation, is 1007 mm; mean annualtem- the two main Chilean herbaria (CONC, SGO),
perarmeis 13.9°C (diCastri&Hayek 1976). little, ifany previous botanical work has been ef-
Consistentvascularplantvegetationinthere- fected in the Bellotes del Melado reserve. As part
serveis found to around 1500 m, andthereafterin ofaongoing effort to establish the conservation
scattered crevices and terraces in rock faces to valué ofa number ofexisting state protected ár-
around 1800 m. The main vegetation types are: a) eas, and determine additional preservation needs
semi-open deciduous forest, dominated by ofthe mediterranean flora ofChile, we here pro-
Nothofagusobliqua(Mirb.)Oerst. 0?agaceae) (29ha) vide adocumented checklist ofthe vascular plant
andNothofagusglauca(Phil.)Krasser(55ha)(accord- flora ofthe Bellotes del Melado Reserve, along
ingtoofficialvegetationmapsuppliedbyCONAF,VE with information on the life-forms represented in
Región)which,atlowerelevations,containsmanytypi- the flora and endemism status oftaxa in relation
cal sclerophyllous species such asAzarapetiolaris to continental Chile.
(D.Don) I.M.Johnst. (Flacourtiaceae), Lithrea
caustica (Molina) Hook. etArn. (Anacardiaceae),
Lomatiadentata(RuizetPav.)R.Br.andL.hirsuta METHODS
(Lam.) Diels ex J.FMacbr. (Proteaceae), with an-
nual andperennial herbs in the understory; and at FieldexplorationwascarriedoutinDecem-
higherelevations, patches ofthe evergreen gymno- berandJanuaryoftheaustralsummerof1999-2000.
sperm,Austrocedruschilensis (D.Don) Pic.Serm. et Thatparticularsummer,whichcarneafterayearof
Bizzarri (Cupressaceae); b) open matorral (56 ha), theworstdroughtinthecentury,wasaverygood
dominatedby the bamboo grass, Chusquea culeou yearincentralChileforprecipitationandthenative
E.Desv. andbunch-grass like Carexaphylla Kunth, flora.Directfieldworkinvolvedatotalof40man
accompaniedby species such as succulentPuya sp. (woman)/days.Herbariumcollections,totalling824,
(Bromeliaceae),andthesmallshrubs,H.paucidentatus were made at 35 localities within the reserve, and
Phil. (Compositae); c)closedevergreenforest, found at one locality cióse to the CONAF headquarters
118
FloraoftheBellotesdelMelado:Arroyo,M.T.K.btal.
which lies outside the limits ofreserve. The floris- Several newrecordsatthe level ofRegiónVII are
ticdatapublishedhereisbasedon805 indentifiable contained inthebotanical material.Thetaxonomic
collections (785 within the reserve and 20 made in composition ofthe reserve flora (Table 1) reveáis
the vicinity ofCONAF headquarters). The 35 lo- a strongly angiosperm-dominated llora, the only
calitiesspannedtheentiregamutofvegetationtypes gymnosperms beingAustrocedruschilensis (D.Don)
and altitudinal range ofconsistent vascular veg- Pic.Serm. et Bizarri and Ephedra chilensis K.Presl.
etation.All localitieswere GPS-ed (Garmin Model As in the mediterranean flora ofChile in general
12 XL) andrecordedforelevation with astandard (AiToyoetal. 1995)thelife-formcompositionofthe
altimeter. Species were categorized according to Horaisbroad (Table 2), with astrong concentration
geographic origin (endemic to the llora ofconti- ofherbaceous species (71.7% ofnative taxa; 75.4%
nental Chile, native, but non-endemic to the ñora ofnative and exotic taxacombined).
ofcontinental Chile, exotic) and life form accord- Considering only the native flora, 29.5% of
ing to four categories: annual to facultatively taxainthereserveareendemictocontinentalChile
annual or biennial herbs; perennial herbs and (Table2).Thispercentageisfairlyhigh,considering
suffrutices; shrubs; trees. Nomenclature of the thatthereservecontainsasizablehighmountainflo-
identified material follows the continuously up- risticcomponentsharedwithadjacentArgentina.The
dated checklist of the Chilean flora maintained endemictaxaareconcentratedinthedeciduousand
by Profesor Clodomiro Marticorena at the evergreenforestzones,andalongtheecotonefrom
Universidad de Concepción, Chile. In the absence foresttosubalpine.Theperennialherbcategorycon-
ofa modern floristic treatment for Chile, ende- tainsthehighestnumberofChileanendemics(>50%
mismand lifeformdatawascompiled fromstan- oftaxa).However,forareservethatislocatedinthe
dard monographic and floristic treatments, and Andes,wherespeciesoftencrosstheAndesintoAr-
through reference to the recently published com- gentina,levéisofendemisminthewoodycategories
prehensive checklists of the flora ofArgentina arealsoappreciable(Table2).Endemisminthena-
(Zuloaga et al. 1994, Zuloaga & Morrone 1996, tiveannualcomponentofthereserveisrelativelylow.
1999a,b). Species limited in distribution to Chil- Thenativeannualspeciesfoundinthereserve,which
ean territory as including the Juan Fernández Is- willberecalled,islocatedtowardthesouthernend
lands and other island territories ofChile where ofthe mediterranean-type climate área, tend to be
not consideredendemic (to continental Chile) for widelydistributedspecies.
the presentpurposes. In two instances (Baccharis Aconsiderationofdistributionsattheregional
poeppigiana DC. subsp. ocellata (Phil.) H.W. level showed that endemic Senecio linaresensis
Hellwig and Acrisione denticulata (Hook. et SoldanoisrestrictedtoRegiónVII.Onespecies,en-
Arn.) B.Nord.) where different taxonomic con- demic at the varietal level (Mimulus luteiis L. var.
cepts are currently used in Chile and Argentina, variegatus (Lodd.) Hook.) is restricted to Regions
we have followed biological principies with re- VI and VII. The Chilean endemics, Adesmia
gard to endemism status. Herbarium specimens denticulataClosandGnaphaliumlandbeckiiPhil.are
have been deposited in CONC and SGO. restrictedtoRegionsVIIandVIII.Afewotherspe-
cies(t.g.Rhodophialabakeri(Phil.)Traub,Trisetum
lechleri(Steud.)Nicora,CalceolariaexiguaWitasek,
RESULTSANDDISCUSSION Xanthiumargenteum Widder) are presently known
fromtwogeographicallynon-contiguousregions,but
Atotal of297 taxa(species and subtaxa) in possiblywillbeeventually foundin interveningre-
295species,representing79familiesand190genera gionsuponfurtherexploration.
were collected within the confines ofthe reserve Table 3 compares species richness for native
(Tables4,5and6).Thenativefloracompasesspe- speciesintheBellotesdelMeladoreservewithother
ciesandtheirsubtaxa(2)totalling251, in249spe- protected áreas (in one case (Contulmo), including
cies.Thelatterarecontainedin77familiesand 157 a significant área surrounding the park) in the
genera. An additional 8 species (other than those mediterranean-type área, for which published flo-
collected in the reserve) are reported as oceur- ristic checklists are available. The Bellotes del
ring around the CONAF headquarters (Table 7). Melado reserve appears to be floristically rich for
119
GayanaBot. 57(2), 2000
its área in relation to the Contulmo área and El sideredintheRAREcategoryatthenationallevel
MoradoNationalPark.Nevertheless,giventhatspe- in the Chilean Red Data Book.
ciesrichnessandáreaarenotlinearlycorrelated,a Finally, we draw attention to the 46 exotic
moresophisticatedanalysisisneededtodetermine speciescomprising 15.5%ofthevascularplantflora
whether the Bellotos del Melado reserve shows ofthereserve (Table 1). Notunexpectedly, thema-
exaggerated floristic richness in relation to the jority ofexotic speciesareannuals, andannuals are
mediterranean-typeclimateáreaingeneral. morecommonintheexoticfloraincomparisonwith
OurworkreveáisthattheBellotosdelMelado the nativeflora. Only two spontaneously establish-
reserveprotectsanumberofspeciesformallyrecog- ing exotic shrubs {Rosa canina L. and Rubus
nizedashavingconservationproblemsintheRedBook ulmifoliusSchott)wererecordedinthereserve.Rosa
ontheChileanNativeFlora(Benoit 1989).Inaddition canina is not common at present; howeverRubus
to Beilschmiedia berteroana (Gay) Kosterm. ulmifoliushas taken holdoftheborders ofan oíd,
(Lauraceae),whichisclassifiedasENDANGEREDat still functional, water canal leading away from
thenationallevel,especiallyimportantfromaconser- QuebradaHornillos. There seemtobeno naturally
vationperspectivearethepresenceofOritesmyrtoidea establishedexotictreesinthereserve. However,one
(Poepp. et. Endl.) Benth. etHook.f. ex B.D.Jacks., individual oftheexotic fruittree, Pyrus communis
Nothofagus glauca, Austrocedrus chilensis, L. wasfoundinanon-disrurbednaturalhabitat.We
Maytenus chubutensis (Speg.) Lourteig, O'Donell have excludedthis species fromthe floristic listin
etSleumerandCitronellamucronata(RuizetPav.) Table6,onaccountofitnotbeingclearastowhether
D.Don,allofwhichareincludedinthelistofwoody the individual observed was planted. The presence
species in RegiónVTIwith conservationproblems. ofPyrus communis in the reserve possibly dates
AustrocedruschilensisisalsoclassifiedasVULNER- backto an earlierperiod when the reserve was in
ABLEatthenational level, whileOritesmyrtoidea, prívatehands.Althoughthere seemstobe littleevi-
Citronellamucronata,Maytenuschubutensisarecon- dence for invasiveness in Pyrus communis (Holm
sidered intheRAREcategoryatthenational level. etal. 1997), andPyruscommunisisnotincludedin
The reserve also contains Laurelia sempervirens Matthei's(1995)treatiseonweedyspeciesforChile,
(Ruizet Pav.)Tul., consideredtopresentconserva- it would be as well to monitor any future
tionproblems (Benoit 1989) inRegiónVII, butnot appearences ofthis species in the reserve. Theex-
currently included in the national list. We found a otic grasses found in the reserve mostly occurin
large, wellconservedpopulationofOritesmyrtoidea low density throughout (e.g. BromushordaceusL.,
between 1300-1450 m on the north-eastern sideof Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C.Gmel. var. myuros). Most
thereserve, whileMaytenuschubutensis was found exotic species in the reserve seem to be strongly
in several locations in evergreen forest along dependent on disturbance and well lit, open habi-
Quebrada Hornillos at 1350-1450 m, in the forest táis forestablishment (e.g. Circium vulgare (Savi)
understorey withAustrocedruschilensisat 1300m, Ten.,EchiumvulgareL.,AnthemiscotulaL.,Lactuca
and in subandean matorral at 1520 m. Citronella virosaL.,Leucanthemum vulgareLam.,Marrubium
mucronata is locally abundant in evergreen forest vulgareL., Trifolium spp., Rosa canina, Verbascum
along QuebradaHornillos.Nothofagusglaucaisthe thapsusL.,V.virgatumStokes,RumexacetosellaL.).
dominanttree species in 13% oftheáreaofthere- Among the exotic species occurring in the
serve. Little isknown abouttheconservation status reserve, the following are usted in Holm et al.
ofthevastmajorityofperennialherbsandannualsin (1997)listoftheworld's200mostseriousweeds:
Chile(Benoit 1989),comprisinganoutstanding79% —
ofthe mediterraneanflora(Arroyoetal. 1995). Ex- — Conium maculatum L.
ceptionsarethegeophytesandfems.Somegeophytes — Circium vulgare (Savi) Ten.
consideredtohaveconservationproblemsweredocu- —Hordeummurinum L.
mentedforthereserve(e.g.Rhodophialabakeri).This —Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.
lastspecies, ascanbe statedformostshowy-flow- Rumexacetosella L.
eredmonocotyledons inthe reserve, tendstobe lo-
cally distributed. Forfems, the reserve contains The largeherds ofcattlepassedthroughthe
Dennstaedtiaglauca (Cav.)C.Chr. exLooser, con- southernandwesternsidesofthereservealong the
120
FloraoftheBellotesdelMelado:Arroyo,M.T.K.i:ial.
wide traditional access routes to high elevation able and pleasant living conditions at the Bellotos
herbfieldsconstituteapotential vehicleofdiaspores del Melado National Reserve, andaccompanying us
ofnewexoticspecies,andofreplacementdiaspores in the field. Mr.AlexisVilla, Corporación Nacional
of passing-bye species already in the reserve. Forestal, VII Región Chile is thanked for supply-
However, it must alsobe borne in mind that cattle ingmapsandotherbasicinformationonthereserve.
have been passed through this área for many The authors wish to thank Mr. Carlos Weber and
decades, and perhaps over a century. Thus an Mr. IvanBenoit,CONAFfortheirsupport.
alternative hypothesis is that an equilibrium has
already been established in terms ofexotic species. REFERENCES
Theanswertothisproblemwillonlybecomeevident
with serious monitoring ofthe native and exotic Arroyo, M.T.K., L. Cavieres, C. Marticorena & M.
components ofthe reserve. In the meantime, it is Muñoz. 1995.Convergence¡nthemediterranean
advisable that the more heavily invasive species fflroormascoofmpcaenrtartailveChiblieogaenodgrCaaplhiyf.ornIina::AIrnrsoigyhot.s
already present in the reserve are kept under M.T.K.,M.Fox&P.Zedler(Eds.).Ecologyand
scrutiny, and records ofany newly establishing biogeography of mediterranean ecosystems in
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frequency ofexotic species and the density of world.IslandPress,pp.385-421.
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(Simberloff 1997). Many exotic species may not le.CONAF,Chile. 157pp.
constitute areal risktonativebiodiversity; however, Di Castri. F. & E.R. Hajek. 1976. Bioclimatologíade
exotics do have the effect ofhomogenizing floras, Chile. Dirección de Investigación. Vicerrectoría
Académica,UniversidadCatólicadeChile.San-
thereby lowering the uniqueness, and sustainable
tiago. 128pp.
developmentvaluéofacountry's national parks and Donoso,C.&L.Landrum. 1976.Nothofagusleonii.Hi-
reserves. bridación e introgresión en poblaciones de
Nothofagus obliqua y Nothofagus glauca. Bol.
Técn.Fac.Ci. Forest. Univ.Chile. 36: 5-29.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Holm.L„J.Doll,E.Holm.J.Pancho&J.Herberger.1997.
Worldweeds.Naturalhistoriesanddistribution.John
WileyandSons.Inc.,NewYork. 1129pp.
Research supportedby CONICYTGrant N°. Matthei.O. 1995. Manualde lasmalezasquecrecenen
1980705 to MTKA-OM andan Endowed Presiden- Muñoz,ChCi.le&.AEl.faPbiestaanoI.mp1r9e4s7o.reEss,tuSdanitoiadgeo.laCvhielgee.ta5c4i5ónpp\.
tial Science Chair(CátedraPresidencial deCiencias floradelosParquesNacionalesdeFrayJorgey
t)h(eMsTtKagAe)s.ofThpilsanptaipdeernthiafiscabteinoenf,itaenadlyisnisparatndduwrriintg- Muñoz,TaMl.i,naHy..ANgúrñiee.zT&écJn..Ya7ñ(f2.)z:.7e1d-i1to9r0s.. 1996. Libro
ing,fromMillenniumGrantN°.P99-103-FICMsup- rojodelossitiosprioritariosparalaconservación
porting the research and outreach activities ofthe dAgerliacudlitvuerras.idCaodrpboiroalócgiiócnaNeanciChoinlael.FMoirneissttael.riSoand-e
"CenterforAdvanced Studies in Ecology and Re- tiago. 203 pp.
search on Biodiversity". We thank field assistants Simberloff, D. 1997. Nonindigenous species: Aglobal
Maritza Mihoc, Carlos Valdivia, and Peter threattobiodiversityandstability.In:Rwen,RH.
McPherson fortheirperseverance and dedication in (Ed.). Nature and buman society. The quest for
the field. Mildred Ehrenfeld and Lorena Suárez are aWassuhsitnagitnoanb,leDw.oCr..ld.pp.Na3t2i5o-n3a3l4.Acadenn Press.
thanked for their capable help in the laboratory. Teillier.S.,A.Hoffmann,F.Saavedra&L.Pauchard.
CristianAlegría. Park Guard, Reserva Nacional de 1994. Flora del Parque Nacional El Morado
Bellotos del Melado, contributed significantly tothe (Región Metropolitana.Chile). Gayana Bot. 51:
success ofthe field work. by offering usconfort- 13-47.
121
GayanaBot. 57(2), 2000
Trumpler, K. 1998. Systematisch-taxonomische lasplantasvascularesdelaRepúblicaArgentina
Untersuchungen chilenischer Pitcairnioideae I.MissouriBotanicalGarden,St.Louis.323pp.
(Bromeliaceae). Diplomarbeit, JohanWolfgang Zuloaga,F.O.&O.Morrone.1999a.Catálogodeplantas
Goethe-Universitát,FrankfurtamMain(iii),131, vasculares de la República Argentina II.
(xii)pp. Acanthaceae - Euphorbiaceae (Dicotyledoneae).
ZuloagaM,orFr.Oo.n,eE,.JG..PeNniscioerrao,&Z.AE..MR.uCgióalldoeldlea.Ag1r9a9s4.arC,atOá.- ZuloagaM,isFs.oOu.r&iOBo.tMaonircraolneG.ar1d9e9n9,b.StC.atLáoluoigs.od6e21plapnpt.as
logodelafamiliaPoaceaeenlaRepúblicaArgenti- vascularesdelaRepúblicaArgentinaII.Fabaceae
na.MissouriBotanicalGarden,St.Louis. 178pp. - Zygophyllaceae (Dicotyledoneae). Missouri
Zuloaga,F.O.&O.Morrone(Eds.). 1996.Catálogode BotanicalGarden,St.Louis.648pp.
TChaibllee.N1.umTbaexrosnormeifecrctoomsppoesciietsioanndofsutbhteaxvaasccoumlbairnpelda.ntToftlaolrasuobftBaexlal=ot2e.sPdTelERMIel=adPtoerNiadtoipohnyatla;RePsIeNrvOeP,=VIPIinRoepghiyótna,;
DICOT=Dicotyledoneae;MONOC=Monocotyledoneae.
TLaosblnaúm1e.rCoosmpseosriecfiieórnentaalxonnúómmeircoatdoetalladfeloeraspveacsiceuslayrsduebtlaaxRaesiencrlvuaidNoasc.iToontaallBdeellsoutbetsaxdeal=Me2.laPdToE,RVIII=RPetgeiróind,opChhyitlae.;
PINOP=Pinophyta;DICOT=Dicotyledoneae; MONOC =Monocotyledoneae.
PTERI PINOP DICOT MONOC TOTAL
Totalnativetaxa 15(6.0%) 2(0.8%) 184(73.3%) 50(19.9%) 251(84.5%)
Native, non endemic 15(8.5%) 2(1.1%) 120(67.8%) 40(22.6%) 177(70.5%)
EndemictocontinentalChile (0.0%) (0.0%) 64(86.5 %) 10(13.5 %) 74(29.5 %)
Exotic taxa 0(0.0%) 0(0.0%) 35(76.1%) 11(23.9%) 46(15.5%)
Totalflora 15(5.1%) 2(0.7%) 219(73.7%) 61(20.5%) 297
Table2.LifeformsinthenativeandexoticfloraoftheBellotesdelMeladoNationalReserve.RegiónVII,Chile.
Tabla2.FormasdevidaenlafloranativayadventiciadelaReservaNacionalBellotesdelMelado,VIIRegión,Chile.
Annual* Perennial** Shrubs Trees Total
herbs herbs
Totalnative taxa 23 (9.2%) 157(62.5%) 48(19.1%) 23 (9.2% 251 (84.5 %)
Native, non endemic 13 (7.3%) 118(66.7%) 34(19.2%) 12 (6.8% 177 (70.5 %)
EndemictocontinentalChile 10(13.5%) 39(52.7 %) 14(18.9 %) 11 (14.9% 74(29.5 %)
Exotictaxa 27 (58.7 %) 17 (37.0%) 2 (4.3%) (0.0% 46(15.5 %)
Totalflora 50(16.8 %) 174(58.6 %) 50(16.8 %) 23 (7.7% 297
* Includesbiennialsandsomefacultativeannuals.
''*Includessuffrutices.
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Presentpublication
10.
FloraoftheBellotasdel Melado:Arroyo,M.T.K.et i;.
30. T Cryptocarya alba (Molina) Looser
994819(CONO:996142(CONO:996164(CONC).
LOASACEAE
31. AH LoasaartemisiifoliaPoepp.exUrb.etGilg
20074(CONC.'SGO);994874(CONC.SGO):996044(CONC.SGO);996182(CONO:996225
(CONC.SGO):996333(CONC);996374(CONO:996417(CONC).
32. A LoasamicranthaPoepp.
994995(CONC,SGO):996218(CONC,SGO):996278(CONC.SGO).
MONIMIACEAE
33. T Laureliasempervirens(RuizetPav.)Tul.
994888(CONC.SGO):996117(CONC).
34. T PemintsbaldasMolina
994881-A(CONC);996101 (CONC).
OXALIDACEAE
35. AB OxalisclandestinaPhil.
996076(CONC.SGO).
36. A OxalisroseaJacq.
994798(CONO:996056(CONC);996134(CONC);996219(CONC).
PAPILIONACEAE
37. H AdesmiaaraucanaPhil.
20011(CONC);994818(CONC);994985(CONO;996040(CONO;996248(CONC);996298(CONC);
996315(CONO:996393(CONC).
38. S AdesmiadenticulataClos
20132(CONC);994884(CONC);994924(CONC);996152(CONC).
39. H AdesmiaprostrataClos var.eglandulosaBurkart
20097(CONC.SGO).
40. H LathyrussubandinusPhil.
20120(CONC);996151 (CONC):996261 (CONC).
41. T SophoramacrocarpaSm.
994886(CONC);996145(CONC);996363(CONC).
POLEMONIACEAE
42. A CollomiacavanillesiiHoók.etAm.
20090(CONC);994872(CONC);996011 (CONC);996356(CONC,SGO).
PORTULACACEAE
43. H Cistanthegrandiflora(LindI.)Schltdl.
996238(CONC).
RHAMNACEAE
44. F RetanillastrictaHook.etAm.
994876(CONC):996160(CONO:996214(CONC.SGO).
ROSACEAE
45. T KageneckiaoblongaRuizetPav.
994993(CONC);996166(CONC):996190(CONC);996230(CONC).
46. T QuillajasaponariaMolina
994823(CONC):996116(CONC).
RUBIACEAE
47. H GaliiiinaraucanumPhil.
20108(CONC).
48. AH Galium diffusoramosum Dempteret Ehrend.
994967(CONC.SGO):996410(CONC)
49. H GaliumtrichocarpumDC.
994817(CONC):996163(CONC):996192(CONC).
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Gayana Bot. 57(2), 2000
SCROPHULARIACEAE
50. S Calceolariaandina Benth.
994965(CONC).
51. H CalceolariacanaCav.
20125(CONC);994815(CONC);996257(CONC);996282(CONC).
52. HS CalceolariacorymbosaRuizetPav.
996043(CONC);996157(CONC);996400(CONC,SGO).
53. F CalceolariaexiguaWitasek
996175(CONC,SGO);996303-A(CONC).
54. S CalceolariaglabrataPhil.
20046(CONC);994812(CONC);994831 (CONC);996303(CONC,SGO).
55. H CalceolariaparaliaCav.
996345(CONC,SGO).
56. S CalceolariapseudoglandulosaClos
20026(CONC);994921 (CONC);996005(CONC,SGO).
57. AH MimulusluteusL.var.variegatus(Lodd.)Hook.
20024(CONC);20053(CONC,SGO);994994(CONC).
SOLANACEAE
58. H SolanumetuberosumLindl.
20181 (CONC,SGO);994955(CONC).
TROPAEOLACEAE
59. H TropaeolumciliatumRuizetPav.subsp.septentrionaleSparre
20078(CONC,SGO);20159(CONC,SGO),996000(CONC,SGO).
60. H TropaeolumtricolorSweet
996227(CONC);996279(CONC);996353(CONC);996394(CONC).
UMBELLIFERAE
61 H Azorellaspinosa(RuizetPav.)Pers.
20067(CONC,SGO);20098(CONC,SGO);994959(CONC,SGO);996183(CONC,SGO);996426
(CONC, SGO).
VALERIANACEAE
62. A ValerianacrispaRuizetPav.
994946(CONC,SGO);996197(CONC,SGO);996416(CONC).
63. H ValerianaverticillataClos
20096(CONC);996054(CONC);996404(CONC,SGO).
VIVIANIACEAE
64. HF CissarobryonelegansKunzeexPoepp.
20009(CONC);20082(CONC,SGO);996032(CONC);996274(CONC);996405(CONC).
MONOCOTYLEDONEAE
ALSTROEMERIACEAE
H AlstroemerialigtuL.subsp.ligtu
20094(CONC,SGO);994797(CONC,SGO);994844(CONC,SGO);996024(CONC,SGO);996178
(CONC), 996321 (CONC, SGO).
H AlstroemeriapreslianaHerb.subsp.australisEhr.Bayer
20023(CONC);996014(CONC);996320(CONC);996401 (CONC).
H Bomareasalsilla(L.)Herb.
994813(CONC);994847(CONC);994911 (CONC).
AMARYLLIDACEAE
H Rhodophialabakeri(Phil.)Traub
20169(CONC).
126