THE VALLEYS OF THE ASSASSINS Freya Stark, from a pencil sketch by Dorothy Hawkslcy. The Valleys of the Assassins and Other Persian Travels by FREYA STARK LONDON JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, W First 'Edition 1934 To W. P . KER In Loving Memory CONTENTS P A R T I . L U R I S T A N P A G E Preface . . . . . . . . . 7 Chapter I. A FORTNIGHT IN N. W. LURISTAN 1931 13 Chapter II. Ti HIDDEN TREASURE 1932 . 60 The Coolies of Baghdad . 60 The Treasure . 62 Crossing the Frontier . 67 Waterless Hills 73 The Law of Hospitality . • 77 The Great Mountain • 83 Night in Garau . 88 The Tribe at Home • 93 The Defile of the Unbelievers . . 103 The City of the Larti . . n o Tire Valley of the Hindiviini . . 120 The Graves of the Beni Parwar . 127 Capture . . . . • 133 A Mild Affair with Bandits . . 138 Return to Garau . . 151 The Forests of Aftab • 159 To the Capital of Pusht-i-Kuh . 166 The Government of Pusht-i-Kuh . 172 The Way to Mandali . 178 The Gangir Valley . 185 Finish in Baghdad . 189 P A R T E . M A Z A N D E R A N P A G E Chapter III. A JOURNEY TO THE VALLEY OF THE ASSASSINS 1930 - . 197 Chapter IV. THE ASSASSINS' CASTLE OF LAMIASAR 1931 . . . 234 Chapter V. THE THRONE OF SOLOMON 1931 252 Sitt Zeinabars Tomb 252 A Doctor in Alamut . 258 Life in the Village . 265 Three Weddings . 271 The Master of Flocks . 280 The Watering Resort . 285 The Throne of Solomon . . 294 Shepherds from the fungle • 303 Kalar Dasht . . . . . 309 The Site of Kalar . • 317 Lahu . . . . . - 325 Night in the Chains Valley . 329 The Squire of Bijeno • 334 The Pass of Siolis into Talaghan . 338 The Upper Shah Rud . • 345 To the Teheran Road . - 351 • 357 PREFACE AN IMAGINATIVE AUNT W H O , FOR MY NINTH BIRTHDAY, SENT A copy of the Arabian Nights, was, I suppose, the original cause of trouble. Unfostered and unnoticed, the little flame so kindled fed secretly on dreams. Chance, such as the existence of a Syrian missionary near my home, nourished it; and Fate, with long months of illness and leisure, blew it to a blaze bright enough to light my w a y through labyrinths of Arabic, and eventually to land me on the coast of Syria at the end o f 1927. Here, I thought, all difficulty was over: I had n o w but to look around me, to learn, and to enjoy. A n d so it would have been had not those twin Virtues so fatal to the joie de vivre of our civilized West, the sense of responsibility and the illusion, dear to well-regulated minds, that every action must have a purpose—had not these virtues of Responsibility and Purpose met me at every step with the embarrassing enquiry: " Why are you here alone?" and: " What do y o u intend to doi" I may confess at once that I had never thought of w h y I came, far less of w h y I came alone: and as to what I was going to d o — I saw no cause to trouble about a thing so nebulous beforehand. My sense of responsibility was in effect deficient, and purpose non-existent. W h e n excessively badgered, the only explanation I could think of for being so unwantedly in Asia was an interest in Arabic grammar—a statement rarely accepted in that candid spirit in which I offered it to unconvinced enquirers. I came to the conclusion that some more ascctic reason than mere enjoyment should be found if one wishes to travel in peace: to do things for fun smacks of levity, immorality almost, in our utilitarian world. A n d though personally I think the world is wrong, and I know in my heart of hearts that it is a most excellent reason to do tilings merely because one likes the doing of them, I would advise all diose who wish to see unwrinkled brows in passport offices to start out ready labelled as entomologists, anthropologists, or whatever other -
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