the use of talking chips strategy to improve speaking ability of grade xi students of sman 1 ...

213 Pages·2012·24.9 MB·English

THE USE OF TALKING CHIPS STRATEGY TO IMPROVE SPEAKING
ABILITY OF GRADE XI STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 PENGASIH IN THE
ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2013/ 2014

A THESIS

Presented as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the attainment of the
Sarjana Pendidikan Degree on the English Language Education

Hertati Mukadimah
10202241048

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA
2014

DEDICATION

I lovingly dedicate this thesis to:

My parents
My grandparents

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MOTTOS

“Be patient and be grateful.”
-Mom-

“I may not be the best, but I’m definitely not like
the rest.”

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, all praises to the Almighty Allah SWT because
of his blessings and guidance I could finally finish my thesis to attain the degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan in English Education Department.
First of all, I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to Dra. Jamilah, M.Pd.
for her guidance and feedback throughout the stages of thesis writing. Her advice,
correction, patience, and willingness to assist greatly contributed to the completion of
my thesis.
I also greatly appreciate the principal of SMAN 1 Pengasih, Drs. Ambar
Gunawan, for giving permission to conduct this research in the school he leads. Many
thanks and appreciations also go to the English teacher, Dra. Risbatin Kiyah, for her
cooperation, suggestions, and help during the research. Great thanks are also given to
the students of XI IPA 1 class for being cooperative to be my correspondents.
My gratitude is devoted to my parents, especially my mother, a real wonder
woman in my life. Thank you for the great support, belief, patience, and life lesson
you always give to me. I would also thank my family for the support.
To my best friends (Puji, Prita, Okta, Evanthe, Inka, Mbak Erni, Mbak
Karim), thank you for the support even though time and distance made us apart.
BABO members (Arintika, Evi, Galih, Arini) thanks for the times we shared. I hope
our friendships would last forever. My classmates in PBI C class (Esthi, Afi, Cintiya,
Ana, Risang, Orin, Kiki, Meta, Bayu, Nata), thank you for the beautiful togetherness.
Last but not least I would also thank my home mates in Kos Sagan CT V/66 and Kos
Narada 14B, especially Nyai Sayidah and Kak Nofi, thank you for the support. My
thanks also go to those who support me whom I cannot write their names one by one.

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Finally, I hope that this thesis will be useful for the readers. However, I realize
that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore, any criticisms, ideas, and
suggestions for the improvement of this thesis are greatly appreciated.

Yogyakarta, September 19th, 2014

Hertati Mukadimah

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE ......…………………………………………………….……. i
APPROVAL………………………………………………………….…...... ii
RATIFICATION…………………………………………………….…...... iii
PERNYATAAN ...…………………………………………………..…….... iv
DEDICATIONS ...…………………………………………………….….... v
MOTTOS .………………………………………………………………… vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………. ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ....……………………………………………….. xii
LIST OF TABLES ...……………………………………………………… xiii
LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF PICTURES .....………………………………………………...... xv
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………….. xvi

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Problem…………………………………………... 1
B. Identification of the Problem…………………………………………. 4
C. Delimitation of the Problem………………………………………….. 7
D. Formulation of the Problem………………………………………...... 7
E. Objective of the Study ……...……………………………………....... 8
F. Significance of the Study…………………………………………...... 8

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
A. Literature Review…………………………………………………….. 9
1. The Nature of Speaking……………………………………............... 9
a. Definitions of Speaking…………………..………………............ 9
b. Functions of Speaking…………………………………………..... 10
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c. Aspects of Speaking………………………………….................... 12
d. Micro- and Macroskills of Speaking…………………………...... 14
e. Types of Classroom Speaking Performance .................................. 15
f. Difficulties in Speaking …….......................................................... 16
2. Teaching Speaking ……………………………………………….... 18
a. Principles for Designing Speaking Technique ................................ 18
b. Teaching Speaking for Senior High School .................................... 22
c. Teacher’s Roles during the Speaking Lesson ................................. 24
d. P-P-P ............................................................................................... 25
e. Assessing Speaking ……………………………………………... 26
3. Cooperative Learning……………………………………………….. 29
a. Definition of Cooperative Learning …..……………………….... 29
b. Elements of Cooperative Learning………..………....................... 30
c. Advantages of Cooperative Learning ............................................. 34
4. Talking Chips Strategy ........................................................................ 36
a. The Nature of Talking Chips Strategy ............................................ 36
b. The Advantages of Talking Chips Strategy .................................... 37
c. The Steps of Talking Chips Strategy .............................................. 38
B. Reviews of Related Studies………………………………………....... 39
C. Conceptual Framework……………………………………………..... 40

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD
A. Research Design ………………………………………………............ 42
B. Research Setting ……………………………………………................ 44
C. Research Subject ………………………………………........................ 44
D. Data Collection……………………………………………………...... 45
1. Types of Data……………………………………………………...... 45
2. Data Collection Techniques and Instruments …………………….... 45
3. Data Analysis Technique………………………………………….... 46
4. Research Validity and Reliability ……………………….………..... 47
E. Research Procedure ......…………………………………………........ 49
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