The Use of Force in International Law: A Case-Based Approach

961 Pages·2018·10.154 MB·English

by  Tom Ruys (editor), Olivier Corten (editor), Alexandra Hofer (editor)

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THE USE OF FORCE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
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The Use of Force
in International Law
A Case- based Approach
Edited by
TOM RUYS
and
OLIVIER CORTEN
Assistant Editor
ALEXANDRA HOFER
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Table of Contents
List of Contributors ix
1. Introduction: The Jus Contra Bellum and the Power of Precedent   1
Tom Ruys, Olivier Corten, and Alexandra Hofer
2. The Caroline Incident— 1837   5
Michael Wood
PART 1. THE COLD WAR ERA (1945– 89)
3. The Korean War— 1950– 53   17
Nigel D White
4. The Suez Crisis— 1956   36
Alexandra Hofer
5. The Soviet Intervention in Hungary— 1956   48
Eliav Lieblich
6. The U- 2 Incident— 1960   67
Ki- Gab Park
7. The Belgian Intervention in the Congo— 1960 and 1964   76
Robert Kolb
8. The Indian Intervention in Goa— 1961   85
Tom Ruys
9. The Cuban Missile Crisis— 1962   97
Alexander Orakhelashvili
10. The Gulf of Tonkin Incident— 1964   108
Douglas Guilfoyle
11. The US Intervention in the Dominican Republic— 1965   118
Christian Walter
12. The Six Day War— 1967   131
John Quigley
13. The Intervention in Czechoslovakia— 1968   143
Gerhard Hafner
14. The USS Pueblo Incident— 1968   158
Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg
15. The Indian Intervention into (East) Pakistan— 1971   169
Dino Kritsiotis
16. The Yom Kippur War— 1973   189
François Dubuisson and Vaios Koutroulis
17. Turkey’s Intervention in Cyprus— 1974   201
Oliver Dörr
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18. The Mayaguez Incident— 1975   213
Natalino Ronzitti
19. The Entebbe Raid— 1976   220
Claus Kreβ and Benjamin K Nuβberger
20. The Larnaca Incident— 1978   234
Constantine Antonopoulos
21. The Vietnamese Intervention in Cambodia— 1978   242
Gregory H Fox
22. The Ugandan– Tanzanian War— 1978– 79   255
Kenneth Chan
23. Operation Litani— 1978   269
Myra Williamson
24. The Lebanon War— 1982   284
Myra Williamson
25. The Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan— 1979– 80   297
Georg Nolte and Janina Barkholdt
26. The US Hostage Rescue Operation in Iran— 1980   306
Mathias Forteau and Alison See Ying Xiu
27. The Iran– Iraq War— 1980– 88   315
Andrea de Guttry
28. Israel’s Airstrike Against Iraq’s Osiraq Nuclear Reactor— 1981   329
Tom Ruys
29. The US Intervention in Nicaragua— 1981– 88   342
Jörg Kammerhofer
30. The Falklands/ Malvinas War— 1982   361
Etienne Henry
31. South African Incursions into Lesotho— 1982   379
Theresa Reinold
32. The Intervention of the United States and other Eastern
Caribbean States in Grenada— 1983   385
Nabil Hajjami
33. The Israeli Raid Against the PLO Headquarters in Tunis— 1985   395
Erin Pobjie, Fanny Declercq, and Raphaël van Steenberghe
34. The Killing of Khalil al- Wazir by Israeli Commandos in Tunis— 1988   403
Erin Pobjie, Fanny Declercq, and Raphaël van Steenberghe
35. The US Strikes Against Libya— 1986   408
Maurice Kamto
36. The US Intervention in Panama— 1989   426
Nicholas Tsagourias
PART 2. THE POST- COLD WAR ERA (1990– 2000)
37. The ECOWAS Intervention in Liberia— 1990– 97   441
Ugo Villani
38. The Gulf War— 1990– 91   456
Erika de Wet
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Table of Contents vii
39. Intervention in Iraq’s Kurdish Region and the Creation of the No- Fly
Zones in Northern and Southern Iraq— 1991– 2003   469
Tarcisio Gazzini
40. The Intervention in Somalia— 1992– 95   482
Terry D Gill and Kinga Tibori- Szabó
41. The Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina— 1992– 95   495
Pierre Klein
42. The US Airstrike Against the Iraqi Intelligence Headquarters— 1993   504
Paulina Starski
43. The ECOWAS Intervention in Sierra Leone— 1997– 99   527
Susan Breau
44. The US Strikes in Sudan and Afghanistan— 1998   541
Enzo Cannizzaro and Aurora Rasi
45. The Eritrean– Ethiopian War— 1998– 2000   552
Sean D Murphy
46. The Great African War and the Intervention by Uganda and Rwanda in the
Democratic Republic of Congo— 1998– 2003   575
James A Green
47. The Kosovo Crisis— 1999   594
Daniel Franchini and Antonios Tzanakopoulos
PART 3. THE POST 9/ 11- ERA (2001– )
48. The Intervention in Afghanistan— 2001–    625
Michael Byers
49. The Iraq War— 2003   639
Marc Weller
50. Israeli Airstrikes in Syria— 2003 and 2007   662
Lindsay Moir
51. The Israeli Intervention in Lebanon— 2006   673
Christian J Tams and Wenke Brückner
52. The Turkish Intervention Against the PKK in Northern Iraq— 2007– 08   689
Kimberley N Trapp
53. ‘Operation Phoenix’, the Colombian Raid Against the FARC
in Ecuador— 2008   702
Mónica Pinto and Marcos Kotlik
54. The Conflict in Georgia— 2008   712
Christine Gray
55. Israeli Military Operations Against Gaza: Operation Cast Lead (2008– 09),
Operation Pillar of Defence (2012), and Operation Protective Edge (2014)   729
Christian Henderson
56. The NATO Intervention in Libya— 2011   749
Ashley Deeks
57. US Extra- Territorial Actions Against Individuals: Bin Laden, Al Awlaki,
and Abu Khattalah— 2011 and 2014   760
David Kretzmer
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58. The Intervention in Côte d’Ivoire— 2011   783
Dire Tladi
59. The Intervention of the Gulf Cooperation Council in Bahrain— 2011   795
Agatha Verdebout
60. The Ethiopian Military Intervention in Somalia— 2011   803
Jean- Christophe Martin
61. The Intervention of France and African Countries in Mali— 2013   812
Karine Bannelier and Theodore Christakis
62. Threats of and Actual Military Strikes Against Syria — 2013 and 2017   828
Anne Lagerwall
63. The Crisis in Ukraine— 2014   855
Mary Ellen O’Connell
64. The Military Operations Against the ‘Islamic State’ (ISIL or Da’esh)— 2014   873
Olivier Corten
65. The Saudi- led Military Intervention in Yemen’s Civil War— 2015   899
Luca Ferro and Tom Ruys
66. The ECOWAS Intervention in The Gambia— 2016   912
Mohamed S. Helal
Index  933
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List of Contributors
Constantine Antonopoulos Associate Professor of Public International Law, Faculty of Law,
Democritus University of Thrace.
Karine Bannelier Associate Professor of International Law, CESICE, University Grenoble Alpes.
Janina Barkholdt PhD candidate, Humboldt University Berlin.
Susan C Breau Head of School and Professor of International Law, University of Reading.
Wenke Brückner PhD Candidate, Institute for International Peace and Security Law, Cologne.
Mchael Byers Professor and Canada Research Chair in Global Politics and International Law,
University of British Columbia.
Enzo Cannizzaro Full Professor of International Law and European Union Law, Sapienza
University of Rome.
Kenneth Chan PhD (KU Leuven). Postdoctoral research fellow with the Berlin Research Group
“The International Rule of Law – Rise or Decline?”, Humboldt University Berlin and University
of Potsdam.
Theodore Christakis Professor of International Law, CESICE, University Grenoble Alpes,
Member of the Institut Universitaire de France (IUF).
Olivier Corten Professor, Université libre de Bruxelles, Centre de droit international.
Andrea de Guttry Full Professor of Public International Law, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna,
Pisa, Italy.
Erika de Wet SARChI Professor of International Constitutional Law, University of Pretoria;
Honorary Professor, University of Bonn.
Fanny Declercq Assistant, University of Louvain (UCL).
Ashley Deeks Professor of Law, University of Virginia Law School.
Oliver Dörr Professor of Public Law, European Law and Public International Law, Osnabrück
University.
François Dubuisson Professor of Public International Law, Centre de droit international,
Université libre de Bruxelles.
Luca Ferro PhD Candidate, Department of European, Public and International Law, Ghent
University.
Mathias Forteau Professor, University of Paris Nanterre and Former Member of the ILC
(2012– 16).
Gregory H Fox Professor of Law, Director, Program for International Legal Studies, Wayne State
University Law School.
Daniel Franchini PhD Candidate, Lincoln College, University of Oxford.
Tarcisio Gazzini Professor of International Law, School of Law, University of East Anglia.
Terry D Gill Professor, Military Law at the University of Amsterdam and the Netherlands
Defence Academy.
Christine Gray Professor of International Law, University of Cambridge, and Fellow of St John’s
College.
James A Green Professor of Public International Law, University of Reading.