The Use of Edible Canna in Kachin State, Upper Myanmar

2006·0.3 MB·English

by  Nobuyuki Tanaka

188 植物研究雑誌第81巻第3号 平成18年6月
Notes
a
Hiroyoshi OHASHIand Tomoyuki NEMOTOb A NewN ame for Desmodium (Legumino・
:
sae)
マメ科シバハギ属の 1新名(大橋広好，根本智行)
Desmodium luteolum H. Ohashi & T. on Art. 58.1 in ICBN.
Nemoto was described from northeastern Ohwia luteola H. Ohashi，n om. nov.
Yunnan，C hina，b ased on two sheets of her- Ohwia luteola (H. Ohashi & T. Nemoto)
barium specimens kept at KUN in 1998 H. Ohashi，S ci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. ser. 4
(Ohashi and Nemoto 1998). The name is， (Biol.) 40(3): 244 (1999).
however，a l ater homonym of D. luteolum
Standley [in Publ. Field Mus. Nat. His ，.t References
Chicago，B ot. Ser. 17: 368 (1938)]. It should Greuter W. et al. 2000. Intemational Code of Botanical
be replaced，th erefore，b y an ew name based Nomenclature (Saint Louis Code) Koeltz Scientific
on Art. 45.3 of the Intemational Botanical Books，Ko nigstein.
Ohashi H. 1999. The genera，tr ibes and subfamilies of
Nomenclature (Greuter et al. 2000). The new
Japanese Leguminosae. The Science Reports of the
name proposed here means Chinese yellow Tohoku University 4th ser. (Biology) 40: 186-269.
(-flowered) Desmodium. 一一-2005. Desmodieae. pp. 433-446. In: Lewis，G .，
Schrire B.，M ackinder，B . and Lock，M . (eds.)，
Desmodium sinoluteolum H.Ohashi & T. Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens，
Kew.
Nemoto，n om. nov.
一一一andNemoto T. 1998. A new species of
Desmodium luteolum H. Ohashi & T.
Desmodium (Leguminosae) from China. J. Jpn.
Nemoto in J. Jpn. Bot. 73: 86 (1998)，n on Bot. 73: 84-88.
Standley (1938). (aBotanical Garden，T ohoku University，
Type: China. NE.Yunnan: Yilian，N i吋ie， Sendai，9 80-0862 JAPAN;
alt. 450 m. 23 Sept. 1972. Expedition team to hDepartment of Basic Science，S chool of Science
and Engineering，
NE. Yunnan no. 928 (KUN-holotype，
Ishinomaki Senshu University，I shinomaki，
isotype). 986-8580 JAPAN)
Recently this species was treated by 雲南省東北部で採集されたシバハギ属の標本に
Ohashi (1999，2 005) as am ember of the 基づいて， 1998年に新種Desmodiumluteolum H.
Ohashi & T. Nemotoを発表したが，この学名には
genus Ohwiα. The name of the species in the
先行同名があることに気付いたので，新名 D.
genus is retained as the older epithet based
sinoluteolum H. Ohashi & T. Nemotoに改めた.
a
Nobuyuki TANAKAand Takashi SUGAWARAb The Use of Edible Canna in Kachin
:
，
StateUpper Myanmar
北部ミャンマーカチン州における食用カンナの利用(田中伸幸，菅原 敬)
The edible Canna (C. discolor Lindl.) de- America，t he small-scale commercial culti-
velops huge，e dible underground rhizomes vation in Southeast Asia has been reported
sometimes as large as a human forearm (Tu and Tscheuschner 1981，H ermann et al.
(National Research Council 1989). Although 1998，T anaka 1998).
cultivation of this plant originated in Latin During the course of inventory research on
June 2006 Joumal of Japanese BQtany Vo .l81 No. 3 189
Fig. 1. A. Cultivation of the edible Canna (c. discolor Lindl.) together with cassava plants in Tain Kauk
vil1age，H ukaung Valley，K achin State，n orthem Myanmar. B. Inflorescence.
the flora of Myanmar，t he utilization of edi- to produce ac oating for fried food. In addi-
ble Cannawasinvestigated in Hukaung tion，th e starch powder extracted from edible
、
Valley，K achin State，U pper Myanmar in Canna is dissolved in hot water and used as
September 2005. This article reports on the starch for clothing. This usage is reported for
usage of edible Canna rhizomes and leaves the first time from Myanm The people of
紅.
as al ocal crop because it has not previously Tain Kauk village were also found to wrap
been recorded from this region. steamed rice with edible Canna leaves as an
Interviews were conducted with people occasional replacement for banana leaves.
from three villages: Tain Kauk village， In Lamon village，e dible Canna rhizomes
Lamon village and av illage established by are eaten after boiling with sal .tLeaves and
goldmine workers located along the Tanaing rhizomes are occasionally used as pig feed.
River of the Hukaung Valley. Interviews In the village located along the Tanaing
were facilitated by aM yanm languagein- River inhabited by goldmine workers (260
訂
terpreter and notes were taken. Herbarium 23'48"N，9 6036'45"E)，ed ible Canna is culti-
specimens were collected from two villages vated together with rice (Oryza sativa L.)，
as vouchers. sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Poir.)，
In Tain Kauk village，t he edible Canna is lady's finger (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)
cultivated together with cassava (Manihot Moench) and water spinach (lpomoea
esculenta Crantz) (Fig. lA). The rhizomes aquatica Forssk.). The rhizomes are con-
are eaten as starchy food after being boiled sumed after boiling.
with peanut oil. Local people also grind the Local names for edible Canna in the
rhizomes into ap owder and mix it with flour Kachin language include “Pan Pein U"，
190 植物研究雑誌第81巻第3号 平成18年6月
which means flowering taro，ぽ0 r Division，F orest Department， Ministry of
which means flowering 巾rhi也zome白s.Seedling Forestry，M yanm訂 andpartly supported by
rhizomes are planted in June，t he beginning aG rant-in-Aid from the Japanese Ministry of
of the rainy season，a nd mature rhizomes are Education，C ulture，S ports and Science and
harvested in December every year. Technology to Prof. Jin 乱1urata (no.
The plants (Fig. lB) taxonomically coin- 17255004).
cide with those which are generally culti-
vated as as tarch crop in Thailand，V ietnam， References
China，et c. Medicinal uses such as reported Burkill H. M. 1985. The Useful Plants of West
from Africa (Burkill 1985) were not ob- Tropical Africa ed. 2. 1: 313-315. Royal Botanic
served from this region. Gardens，K ew.
Hermann M.，Q uynh N. K. and Peters D. 1998.
Reappraisal of Edible Canna as a High-Value
Canna discolor Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. Starch Crop in Vietnam. CIP Program Report
1231 (1829); Dietr. Syn. Pl. 1: 13 (1839); 1997-98. pp. 415-424. CIP，L ima.
Bouche in Linnaea 8: 157 (1833) & 18: 492 National Research Council. 1989. Lost Crops of the
(1844); Petersen in F1. Bras. 3，3 (3): 73 Incas. Little known Plants of the Andes with
Promise for Wildwide Cultivation. National
(1890); Baker in Gard. Chron. 1: 196 (1893);
Academy Press，W ashington D.C.
Kraenzl. in Engler，Pf lanzenr. 56 (IV.47): 38
Tanaka N. 1998. Economic botanical notes on edible
(1912); Standley & Steyermark in Field. Bot. canna (Cannaceae) in South Vietnam，J. Jpn. Bot.
24: 203 (1952). 73: 319-324.
Voucher specimens: MYAN MAR: Kachin Tu L. N. and Tscheuschner H. D. 1981. Untersuchung
State; Tain Kauk village，H ukaung Va lley， von wichtigen Eigenschaften der Dong-Rieng-Star
ke. Lebensmittelindustrie 28: 515-516.
Tanaing Township，2 6004'41"N，9 6043'OO"E，
ca. 250 m al ，.t 14 Sept. 2005，N . Tanaka，T . ミャンマー北部のカチン州フーコン河谷での植
Sugawara & al. 040055 (MBK，T I); Lamon 物調査の際，現地民族の多くが食用カンナを栽培
village，H ukaung Valley，T anaing Township， していたため，その利用について現地民族からの
26025'03"N，9 6042'18"E，1 6 Sept. 2005，N . 聞き取りによる調査研究を行った.その結果，根
茎を食物として利用していたほか，葉と根茎を家
Tanaka，T . Sugawara & al. 040316 (MBK，
畜(豚)の飼料としても利用していた.採れたj殿
TI).
粉粉を小麦粉とともに揚げ物の衣に用いているほ
The voucher specimens ealso deposited
紅 か，洗濯糊としての利用も見られた.さらに葉を
in Forest Department，M inistry of Forestry， カチン料理のもち性の米を包むためにバナナの葉
Union of Myanmar. の代用にも使用する. ミャンマー北部からの食用
カンナ利用の具体的な報告がないため，ここに記
録した.
Wew ish to thank Mr. Stephan Gale of the
("Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden，
Makino Botanical Garden for reviewing the
Godaisan 4700-6，K ochi，7 81-8125 JAPAN，
English manuscript. Thanks訂ealso given to TMakino Herbarium，G raduate School of Science，
U Kyaw Khaing for his translation work. Tokyo Metropolitan University，
This research is conducted in cooperation 1-1 Minami-ohsawa，H achi吋i，Tokyo，
with Nature and Wildlife Conservation 192-0397 JAPAN)