The Urologic Clinics of North America 1997: Vol 24 Index

17 Pages·1997·4.6 MB·English

CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997
Volume 24
February UROLITHIASIS, pages 1-245
May PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN: THI BEST PROSTATIC
TUMOR MARKER, pages 247-469
August URORADIOLOGY, pages 471-702
November USE OF BOWEL IN UROLOGIC SURGERY, pages 703-860
Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type
Abscesses, renal, imaging of, 548, 550 AIDS, urinary tract involvement in, imaging of, 564, 567
ACE procedure, for fecal incontinence, 807 Aldosteronomas, imaging of, 615-616
\cetohydroxamic acid, in urease inhibition, for struvite Alexandrite laser lithotripsy, for urolithiasis, 21
calculi 156 157 Allergies, and adverse reactions, to contrast media,
Acetylcysteine, in lavage chemolysis, for cystine calculi 474-475
167 Allopurinol, for uric acid-related nephrolithiasis,
Acidosis, metabolic, ileal orthotopic bladder substitution 123-124, 146
and, 791-792 Alphamercaptopropionylglycine, for cystine calculi,
noncontinent urinary diversion and, 742 166-167
irinary diversion and. See Urinary diversion Ambulation, and prostate-specific antigen concentration,
Acquired cystic kidney disease imaging of, 537 540 288-289
Acute urinary tract obstruction imaging of 571-582 Amiloride, for nephrolithiasis, due to hypercalciuria,
computed tomography in, 578-581 120-121
intravenous urography in, 572-57 Ammonium uric acid calculi, formation of, 10
magnetic resonance imaging in, 581 Amniotic fluid, prostate-specific antigen in, 278-279
nuclear medicine studies in, 581 Anatrophic nephrolithotomy, for pediatric urolithiasis,
plain films in, 572 181-182
resistive index in, 575 Anesthesia, in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy,
ultrasonography in 204-205
ureteral jets in, 577 Aneurysms, intracranial, with autosomal dominant
pathophysiology of, 571 polycystic kidney disease, imaging, of, 52 5 526
\Adenomas, adrenal, imaging of, 612-613 Angiography, of ystic renal masses, 504
computed tomography in, 605-608 to stage renal cell carcinoma, 518-519
serous microcystic, with von Hippel—Lindau disease Animal protein, limitation of, for nephrolithiasis, 118
imaging of, 537 Antegrade pyelography, contrast media in, adverse
Adenomatoid tumors, ultrasonography of, 663 reactions to, 484
Adrenal cortical carcinoma, imaging of, 612 Antibiotics, and prostate-specific antigen concentration,
Adrenal hyperplasia, imaging of, 614-615 285
Adrenal masses, imaging of, 603-622 Antihistamines, for adverse reactions, to contrast media,
adrenal medullary hyperfunction, 617 619 486
computed tomography in, 603-608 to reduce adverse reactions, to contrast media, 482
adenomas vs. carcinoma, 605-606 483
adenomas vs. metastases, 606-608 Antihyperglycemic medications, and adverse reactions,
Cushing’s adenoma, 613 to contrast media, 476
ectopic ACTH secretion, 615 Antimicrobials, for struvite calculi, 154-155
granulomatous disease, 605 Antireflux nipple, in ileal orthotopic bladder
Cushing’s syndrome, 612-615 substitution, 786-787
magnetic resonance imaging in, 608-610 a,-Antitrypsin, in urolithiasis, 4
computed tomography correlations with, 610 Antrum gastrocystoplasty, technique for, 750
nuclear medicine studies in, 610-611 Appendix, in urinary diversion, Mitrofanoff principle
percutaneous biopsies in, 611-612 in, 798-799
primary hyperaldosteronism, 615-617 Ascorbic acid, and hyperoxaluria, 118
\drenalectomy, laparoscopic. See Laparoscopic Asthma, and adverse reactions, to contrast media,
adrenalectomy 474-475
846 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997
Augmentation cystoplasty, 745-75 limitation of, 118
complications of, 752-753 Calcium citrate, for nephrolithiasis, due to
enteric segments in, 838 hyperoxaluria, 126-127
indications for, 745-746 Calcium oxalate calculi, formation of, 6-9
preoperative preparation for 746 hyperoxaluria and, 8
techniques for, 746-752 hyperuricosuria and, 8-9
antrum gastrocystoplasty, 750 idiopathic hypercalciuria and, 6
autoaugmentation low urinary citrate and, 8
bladder preparation, 746 nonparathyroid hypercalcemia and, 8
gastrocystoplasty 749-750 primary hyperparathyroidism and, 8
ileocecocystoplasty 74 treatment of, 146
ileocystoplasty 746-747 with hy peruricosuria, 140-141
sigmoid cystoplasty, 747, 749
alcium phosphate calculi, formation of, 9
wedge gastrocystoplasty, 750, 752
~ alculi. See also Urolithia
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Kock pouch and, 766
imaging of, 523
urinary diversion and, Mitrofanoff principie in, 810
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, imaging
a alyceal calculi, 81-96
of, 526-529
complex, 86-93
flexible ureteroscopy for, 92
in calyceal diverticula, 87-88
Balloon dilatation, for ureteral strictures, interventional laparoscopic surgery for, 92
radiology in, 636-637 lower pole 86-87
bel-2, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 446 open surgery for, 92-93
Biopsies, of adrenal masses, 611-612 percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for, 91-92
of bladder cancer, magnetic resonance imaging shock wave lithotripsy for, 88, 91
guided, 599 natural history of, 82-83
of cystic renal masses, 504 pelvocaliceal anatomy in, 81-82
prostatic, indications for, 308 percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for, 84-85
transrectal ultrasonography—guided, and prostate-spe residual fragments of, after minimally invasive proce-
cific antigen concentration, 290, 294-295 dures, 93-94
Bladder, interventional radiology in, 645 shock wave lithotripsy for, 83-84
Bladder augmentation, bowel in, 707-711 small nonobstructing, 85-86
hemi-Kock pouch in, 761-762 ureteroscopy for, 85
Bladder calculi, in children, 174-175
Calyceal diverticula, calculi in, 87-88
Bladder cancer, augmentation cystoplasty and, 752
percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for, 91-92
in women, and urethral tumors, 828-829
a ancer, bladder. See Bladder cancer
cystectomy for, orthotopic bladder substitution
urothelial, ileal orthotopic bladder substitution and
after. See Urthotopic ( t ider substitution 790-791
magnetic resonance imaging of, 583-602
anatomy in, 584-585 Captopril, for cystine calculi, 167
fast dynamic imaging, 592, 599 Carcinogenesis, urinary diversion and, 723-728
for staging, 587-589 clinical and experimental experience with, 723-725
postprocessing in, 599 histopathology of, 725
surface coils in, 589 pathogenesis of, 725-726
three-dimensional sequences in, 589, 592 C arcinoma, adrenal, computed tomography of, 605-606
to guide biopsies 599 embryonal cell, ultrasonography of, 655
Bladder neck, management of, in urinary diversion renal cell. See Renal cell car cinnoommaa
805-806 ~ ardiac arrest, contrast media and, 487-488
Bladder substitution, ileal orthotopic. See Ileal orth atheterization, difficult, Kock pouch and, 764
bllaaddddeer r susbusbtsittiututtiioonn Cr ell-cycle regulatory proteins, as tumor markers, for
orthotopic, bowel in, 706-707 prostate cancer, 447
Bowel, in urologic surgery, 703-843 c-erB-2, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 446
augmentation cystoplasty. See Augm a hemolysis, for pediatric urolithiasis, 182
ystoplast lavage, for cystine calculi, 167
historical aspects of, 703-713 for struvite calculi, 155-156
bladder augmentation, 707-711 nf horiocarcinoma, ultrasonography of, 656
colon loop, 705 Co itrate, in lavage chemolysis, for struvite calculi,
continent diversion, 706 155-156
ileal loop, 70751 7 in urolithiasis, 4
ileal ureter wr ollagen injections, ir stomal reconstruction, in urinary
ileocecal segment, 705-706 diversion, 7793 1
orthotopic bladder replacement, 706-707
Colon, in urinary diversion, metabolic and nutritional
ureterosigmoidostomy 704-705
complications of, 719-720
Mitrofanoff principle in. See Mitrofanoff principl
Colon loop, in urinary diversion, 705
renal transplantation. See Renal transplantation
Color Doppler ultrasonography, of acute urinary tract
BRCAI, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 446-447
Breast, prostate-specific antigen in, 276-278 obstruction, 577
Computed tomography, contrast media in, 480-481
of acquired cystic kidney disease, 537
of acute pyelonephritis, 546, 548
Calcium, for nephrolithiasis, due to hyperoxaluria of acute urinary tract obstruction, 5 78-581
126 of adrenal masses. See Adrenal masses
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997 847
of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Detrusor myomectomy, technique for, 752
524 525 Dietary modifications, for nephrolithiasis, 118
of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, 529 Digital rectal examination, and prostate-specific antigen
of cystic renal masses, 500-502 concentration, 293-294
of emphysematous pyelonephritis, 550, 552 with prostate-specific antigen measurements, to
of genitourinary tuberculosis, 559 screen for prostate cancer, 300
of medullary cystic disease, 532 Dihydroxyadenine calculi, formation of, 10
of medullary sponge kidney, 531 Distal ureteral calculi, in children. See Pediatric
of nephrolithiasis, 104-105 urolithiasis
of prostate cancer, 379-381 Doppler ultrasonography, color, of acute urinary tract
economics of, 385 obstruction, 577
of pyonephrosis, 55 ne of multicystic dysplastic kidney, 534
of renal abscesses, 548 of nephrolithiasis, 105
of small renal masses, 493-499
of tuberous sclerosis, 541
of urinary tract involvement, by AIDS, 564
of von Hippel-Lindau disease, 535-537 E-cadherin, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 446
of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, 561, 563 Ectopic ACTH secretion, imaging of, 615
to stage renal cell carcinoma. See Renal cell carcinoma Ejaculation, and prostate-specific antigen concentration,
Conn‘s syndrome, imaging of, 615-617 286-288, 295-296
Continence, ileal orthotopic bladder substitution and Electrohydraulic lithotripsy, for urolithiasis, 14-18
88~—789 Embryonal cell carcinoma, ultrasonography of, 655
Kock pouch and, 762-764 Emphysematous pyelitis, imaging of, 552
Contrast media, iodinated. See lodinated contrast media Emphysematous pyelonephritis, imaging of, 550, 552
Corticosteroids, to reduce adverse reactions, to contrast Endoluminal ultrasonography, instruments for, 41
media, 481-482 Endometrium, prostate-specific antigen in, 279-280
Cryosurgical ablation, for prostate cancer, prostate Endopyelotomy, interventional radiology in, 632-634
specific antigen after, 415-420 Epidermoid cysts, ultrasonography of, 659
biopsy results in, 417 Epinephrine, for adverse reactions, to contrast media,
maximum tissue destruction in, 415-416 487
patient selection for, 416-417 Estrogen, for nephrolithiasis, due to hypercalciuria, 123
ryptorchidism, ultrasonography of, 667, 669 Excretory urography, of medullary sponge kidney, 531
ushing’s adenoma, imaging of, 612-613 Exercise, and prostate-specific antigen concentration,
ushing’s syndrome, imaging of, 612-615 296
yw/eY .ut aneous stomal complications, of noncontinent Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, 185-211
urinary diversion, 741-742 anesthesia in, 204-205
ystectomy, for bladder cancer, orthotopic bladder development of, 185-188
substitution after. See Orthotopic bladder substitution for cystine calculi, 167-169
in ileal orthotopic bladder substitution, 782 for distal ureteral calculi, in children, 177 180
modified radical, in urinary diversion, 829 for staghorn calculi, 214-215
_ ystic diseases, renal. See Renal cystic disease for struvite calculi, 153-154
ystic masses, renal, imaging of, 499-504 for ureteral calculi. See Ureteral calculi
ystine calculi, 163-171 instrumentation for, 188-204
diagnosis of, 165 lithotriptor comparisons in, 205-209
formation of, 9 suboptimal results of, interventional radiology for,
genetics and pathophysiology of, 163-164 630-632
treatment of, 165-169 with percutaneous debulking, for urolithiasis. See Uro
cystine-binding agents in, 166-167 lithiasis, sandwich therapy for
dietary manipulation in, 165
hydration and urinary alkalinization in, 165-166
lavage chemolysis in, 167
mechanical fragmentation and endoscopic tech- Fecal incontinence, urinary diversion and, 807
niques in, 167-169 Female serum, prostate-specific antigen in, 279
percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in, 47, 50 Finasteride, and prostate-specific antigen density,
ystine-binding agents, for cystine calculi, 166-167 328-329
Cystinuria, and nephrolithiasis, 100 Fistulas, Kock pouch and, 764-765
Cystography, contrast media in, adverse reactions to, urinary, interventional radiology for, 637, 642-643
484 Flaps, in urethral reconstruction. See Urethral
Cystolithotomy, percutaneous, for pediatric urolithiasis reconstruction
175 Flashlamp-pumped tunable dye laser lithotripsy, for
Cystoplasty, augmentation. See Augmentation cystoplasty urolithiasis, 19-20
sigmoid, technique for, 747, 749 Flexible ureteroscopes. See Ureteros opy
Cystoscopy, and prostate-specific antigen concentration, Fluid intake, for uric acid-related nephrolithiasis, 145
289-290, 295 Flutamide, for prostate cancer, withdrawal of. See
Cysts, epidermoid, ultrasonography of, 659 Steroid hormone withdrawal syndromes
intratesticular, ultrasonography of, 659
Gadolinium, in magnetic resonance imaging, to stage
DD3, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 447 renal cell carcinoma, 515-516
848 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997
Gastrocystoplasty, techniques for, 749-750 Ileal orthotopic bladder substitution, 781-793
antrum, 750 and secondary urothelial cancer, 790-791
wedge, 750, 752 early complications of, 788
Gleason score, and recurrence of prostate cancer, 398 functional results of, 788-789
Gonadal stroma! tumors, ultrasonography of, 658 late complications of, 788
Gracilis muscle flaps, in urethral reconstruction metabolic complications of, 791 9?
684—688 mortality from, 788
Granulomatous diseases, adrenal, computed patient selection for, 781-782
tomography of, 605 postoperative care for, 787-788
imaging of. See Upper urinary tract infections techniques for, 782-787
Grasping forceps for stone removal, in ureteroscopy intireflux nipple or afferent tubular segment, 786
39-40 8
Growth factors, in carcinogenesis, after urinary cystectomy, 782
diversion, 726 reservoir construction, 782-783
reservoir shape, 783, 785
reservoir size, 786
urethral anastomosis, 783
Helical baskets, for stone removal, in ureteroscopy, 39 upper urinary tract preservation in, 789-790
40) voiding after, 789
Helical computed tomography, of small renal masses Ileal ureter, in renal transplantation, 839-842
498-499 in ureteral reconstruction, 813-825
Hemiacidrin, in lavage chemolysis, for struvite calculi clinical experience with, 824-825
156 contraindications to, 813-814
Hemi-Kock pouch, in bladder augmentation, 761-762 indications for, 813
in ileocystoplasty, 761 preoperative preparation for, 814
in orthotopic bladder substitution, in women 70 results of, 820-824
L+925 0 segmental replacement in, 819-820
Hernias, parastomal, Kock pouch and, 767 technique for, 814-819
stomal construction and, in urinary diversion, 730 in urinary diversion, 707
Holmium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser lithotripsy, for lleal W-bladder, in orthotopic bladder substitution, in
urolithiasis, 20-21 women, 236 937
Hyaluronidase, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer lleocecal segment, in urinary diversion, 705-706
447 lleocecocystoplasty, technique for, 747
Hydration, for cystine calculi, 165-166 lleocystoplasty, hemi-Kock pouch in, 761
Hydroceles, ultrasonography of, 661 technique for, 746-747
Hydronephrosis, with afferent limb obstruction, Kock lleum, in urinary diversion, metabolic and nutritional
pouch and, 767 complications of, 719-720
Hydroxamic acids, in urease inhibition, for struvite Ileus, noncontinent urinary diversion and, 741
calculi, 156 Incontinence, fecal, urinary diversion and, 807
Hyperaldosteronism, imaging of, 615-617 Kock pouch and, 764
Hypercalcemia, and calcium oxalate calculi, 8 nocturnal, Kock pouch and, 765
Hypercalciuria, and calcium oxalate calculi, 6 urinary diversion and, Mitrofanoff principle in, 809
and nephrolithiasis, 98 Indiana pouch, in urinary diversion, 731, 773-779
medical therapy for. See Nephr tlintih asi ; historical aspects of, 773-774
Hyperoxaluria, and calcium oxalate calculi, 8 postoperative care for, 776-777
and nephrolithiasis, 99 results of 5
medical therapy for. See Nephrolithiasis technique for, 774-776
Hyperparathyroidism, and calcium oxalate calculi, 8 Infections, of upper urinary tract. See
Hyperuricosuria, and calcium oxalate calculi, 8-9
and nephrolithiasis, 98-99 Interleukin-2, and adverse reactions, to contrast media,
medical therapy for, 123-124 176
diagnosiso f, 141-142 Interventional radiology, 623-652
Hypocitraturia, and nephrolithiasis, 99-100 for genitourinary tuberculosis, 559, 561
medical therapy for, 124-125 for iatrogenic ureteral injuries, 643
Hypomagnesuria, and nephrolithiasis, 100 for suboptimal extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Hypotension, contrast media and, 487 results, 630-632
Hypovolemia, and nephrolithiasis, 100 for ureteral strictures, 634-637
for urinary fistulas, 637, 642-643
in bladder, 645
in endopyelotomy, 632-634
lleal loop, in urinary diversion, 705 in nephrostomy for stone disease, 629-630
Ileal neobladder, to female urethra, in urinary in nephrostomy tube placement, 623-627
diversion, 827-835 in percutaneous nephrostomy for obstruction, 627
and risk of urethral tumors, 828-829 629
functional anatomy in, 828 in renal transplant, 643, 645
results of, 831-833 potential applications of, 645
sphincteric function in, 827-828 to locate ureteroenteric anastomosis, 643
techniques for, 829-831 Intracorporeal lithotripsy, 13-23
modified radical cystectomy, 829 electrohydraulic, 14-18
pelvic dissection, 829-831 historical aspects of, 13-14
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997 849
lasers in, 18-21 technique for, 460-464
alexandrite, 21 left approach, 461-463
flashlamp-pumped tunable dye, 19-20 right approach, 463-464
holmium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet, 20-21 Laparoscopic surgery, for calyceal calculi, 92
neodymium, 19 Laser lithotripsy, for distal ureteral calculi, in children,
lithoclast in, 21-22 176 :
pneumatic impactor in ole) for urolithiasis, 18-21
ultrasonic, 18 Lavage chemolysis, for cystine calculi, 167
Intracranial aneurysms, with autosomal dominant for struvite calculi, 155-156
polycystic kidney disease, imaging of, 525-526 Le Duc ureteral implant, vs. Kock pouch /6/
Intralumina lithotripsy, instruments for, 40-41 Leukemia, scrotal, ultrasonography of, 65
Intravenous urography, of acute pyelonephritis, 546 Leydig cell tumors, ultrasonography cf, 658
of acute urinary tract obstruction, 572-573 Lithoclast, for urolithiasis, 21-22
of emphysematous pyelitis, 552 Lithotripsy, extracorporeal shock wave. See
of genitourinary tuberculosis, 559 Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
of malakoplakia, 563 intracorporeal. See Intracorporeal lithotripsy
of nephrolithiasis, 111, 115 laser, for distal ureteral calculi, in chi!dren, 176
of renal abscesses, 548 for urolithiasis, 18-21
of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, 561 shock wave. See Shock wave lithotripsy
lodinated contrast media, in uroradiology, 471-491 Liver cysts, with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney
adverse reactions to, 473-474 disease, imaging of, 525
after cystography, 484 LNCaP cells, as tumor markers, for prostate cancer, 439
after pyelography, 484 Lower urinary tract infections, imaging of, in children,
groups at risk for, 474-477 677 679
prevention of, 481-483 Lymph node dissection, in prostate cancer, 381-384
treatment of, 485-488 economics of, 386
low-osmolality, 477-481 Lymphomas, scrotal, ultrasonography of, 657
selective vs. nonselective use of, 478-479
vs. conventional, 477-478
vs. nomionic, in computed tomography 480-481
in urography, 479-480 Magnesium, for nephrolithiasis, due to hyperoxaluria
patient evaluation before, 484-485 126, 127
types of 471-473 Magnetic resonance angiography, of autosomal
dominant polycystic kidney disease, 526
Magnetic resonance imaging, of acquired cystic kidney
disease, 537-538
Jejunum, in urinary diversion, metabolic and nutritional of acute urinary tract obstruction, 581
complications of, 719 of adrenal masses, 608-610, 616, 617
adrenal cortical carcinoma, 612
of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
524, 525
Kidneys, transplanted, and nephrolithasis, percutaneous of bladder cancer. See Bladder cancer
nephrostolithotomy for, 56 of cystic renal masses, 503-504
Kock pouch, in urinary diversion, 7 55-772 of medullary cystic disease, 532
early complications of, 764-765 of prostate cancer, 379-380
hemi-Kock in bladder augmentation, 761—762 economics of, 385
hemi-Kock in ileocystoplasty, 761 of small renal masses, 493
late complications of, 765-767 of tuberous sclerosis, 541
patient selection for, 755-756 to stage renal cell carcinoma. See Renal cell carcinoma
postoperative care for, 760 Malakoplakia, imaging of, 563-564
results of, 762-767 Marlex mesh erosion, Kock pouch and, 766
continence, 762-764 Matrix calculi, formation of, 10
mucosal adaptation, 764 Medullary cystic disease, imaging of, 531-532
upper urinary tract preservation, 762 Meduliary sponge kidney, imaging of, 529, 531
technique for, 756-760 Metabolic complications, of ileal orthotopic bladder
fixation of intussuscepted nipple, 756-758 substitution, 791-792
neobladder or orthotopic bladder in men, 760 of Kock pouch, 765-766
neobladder or orthotopic bladder in women, 760 of noncontinent urinary diversion, 742
ureteroileal anastomosis, pouch closure, and of urinary diversion. See Urinary diversion
stoma, 758 Metastatic disease, adrenal, computed tomography of,
vs. Le Duc ureteral implant, 767 606-608
KUB films, of emphysematous pyelonephritis, 550, 552 Metformin, and adverse reactions, to contrast media,
476
Methionine, restriction of, for cystine calculi, 165
Methylene blue, for struvite calculi, 158
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy, 459-465 MIBG scintigraphy, of adrenal masses, 618-619
indications for, 459-460 Michaelis-Gutmann body, in malakoplakia, 563
postoperative care for, 464—465 Microlithiasis, testicular, ultrasonography of, 659, 661
preoperative preparation for, 460 Mitrofanoff principle, in urinary diversion, 706, 795-811
results of, 465 and fecal incontinence, 807
850 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997
Mitrofanoff principle (¢ tinued primary hyperoxaluria, |
bladder neck management in, 805-806 for hyperuricosuria, 123
complications of, 809-81 for hypocitraturia, 124
indications for, 796-797 for low urinary pH, 125-126
postoperative care for, 506 807 for renal hypercalciuria, 12
preoperative evaluation for, 797 for resorptive hypercalciuria, 123
preoperative preparation for, 797 patient evaluation for, 100-101
reservoir construction in, 506 plain films of, 102-104
resultso f, 807-809 recurrent, evaluation of, 101—102
technique for, 797-805 selective evaluation of, 101
Mitrofanoff tt xe into bowel segment, 804-805 ultrasonography of, 104
Mitrofanoff tube into native bladder, 798-804 uric acid—related. See Lr i—related
appendix, 798-799 Nephrolithotomy, anatrophic, for pediatric urolithiasis
continent vesicostomy, 802, 804 181-182
preputial skin, 502 ureteroscopic, for st rhorn calculi, 78-79
small bowel, 800-801 Nephrostolithotomy, percu ous. See
stomach, 801-802
ureter, 799-80\ Nephrostomy, for stone disease, interventional
wolffian and miillerian duct structures, 802 radiology in, 629-630
variables influencing, 796 for urinary tract obstruction, interventional radiology
Monoclonal antibodies, as tumor markers, for prostate in, 627, 629
cancer, 439 Nephrostomy tube placement, interventional radiology
radioimmunos« intigrapny with, in prostate cance! in, 623-627
444 Nephrostoureterolithotomy, percutaneous antegrade, for
Mucosal adaptation, Kock pouch and, 764 itereral calculi, 63
Mucus production, Kock pouch and, 764 ‘ V-nitroso compounds, in carcinogenesis, after urinary
Mucus retention, urinary diversion and, Mitrofanoff diversion, 72° 726
principle in, 809-810 Noncontinent urinary diversion, 735-744
Millerian duct structures, in urinary diversion bowel segment selection for, 736-737
Mitrofanoff principle in, 802 enteric segments in, 838-839
Multicystic dysplastic kidney, imagingo f, 532-5 historical aspects of, 735-736
long-term complicationso f, 741-743
patient selection for, 736
preoperative preparation for, 737
Needle aspiration biopsies, and prostate-specific antiget short-term complications of, 739, 741
concentration, 294-295 tt echnique ror YY
of cystic renal masse 104 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, for utereral
Neobladder, ileal. See aicull, 61
Neodymium laser lithotripsy, for urolithiasis, 19 NP-59, in nuclear medicine studies, of adrenal masses
Nephrectomy, for multicystic dysplastic kidney, 533 610-611, 616-617
partial, for renal cell carcinoma, treatment planning medicine studies, of acute y tract
for, 520 yoct uction 5 |
Nephrocalcin, in urolithiasis, 4 of adrenal masses, 610-611, 616-619
Nephrolithiasis, 97-116 of lower urinary tract infections, in children 8-679
and renal functior of multicystic dysplastic kidney, 534
causes of, 95-101 of pyelonephritis, in children, 674-675
cystinuria, 1U0U0 Nutritional complications, of Kock pouch, 765-766
hypercalciuria, 98 oT url ry a version et
hyperoxaluria, 99
hyperuricosuria, 98-99
hyperuricosur lcium nephrolithiasis, 99
hypocitraturia, 99-100 Omental graft, pedicled, in o bDladae
hypomagnesuria i substitution, in women, 229
hypovolemia Onlay patch pudendal flay oplasty ‘
struvite calc LO reconstruction, 694-697
computed tomography of, 104-105 Onlay patch skin grafts, in urethral reconstruction
intravenous urography of, 111, 115 684—688
laboratory studies of, 97-98 Ornithine decarboxylase activity, in carcinogenesis, after
medical therapy for, 117-133 urinary diversion, 725
conservative measures in, 117-118 Ortl hate, for nephrolithiasis, due tc
for anatomic anomalies hypercalciuria, 122
tor hypercalciur due to hyperoxaluria, 12¢
wumiloride in, 120-12 Orthotopic bladder ution, after cystecton
orthophosphate in, 122 women, 22
potassium phosphate salt in, 122 complications and outcome of, 237-238
sodium cellulose phosphate in, 12 hemi-Kock pou h in, 229, 236
thiazides in, 119-123 ileal W-bladder in 236-237
for hyperoxaluria, 126-129 initial incision in, 226
enteric hyperoxaluria, 126-127 patient selection and evaluation for, 225—22¢
idiopathic hyperoxaluria, 127, 129 pedicled omental in, 229
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997 851
postoperative care and follow-up for, 237 of nephrolithiasis, 102-104
technique for, 226-229 Pneumatic impactor, for urolithiasis, 22
bowel in, 706-707 Polyurethane stents, for utereral calculi, 61
ileal. See Ileal orthot Potassium citrate, for nephrolithiasis, due to
Ovary, prostate-specific antigen in, 279-280 hyperuricosuria, 124, 143-145
due to hypocitraturia, 12
due to low urinary pH
Potassium phosphate salt, for nephrolithiasis, due to
p53, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 446 hypercalciuria 122
Pancreatic lesions, with von Hippel—Lindau disease Pouchitis, Kock pouch and, 766
maging of, 537 Power Doppler ultrasonography, of pyelonephritis, in
Parastomal hernias, Kock pouch and, 76 children, 675
stomal contruction and, in urinary diversion, 73( P) regnancy contrast media use in, 476-477
PC-1, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 445—44¢ Preputial skin, in urinary diversion, Mitrofanoff
PD-41, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 445 principie, in, 602»
diatric urolithiasis, 173-184 Prostate cancer, computed tomography of, 379-381
anatrophic nephrolithotomy for, 181-18 cryosurgical ablation for. See Cryosurgical ablation
bladder calculi, 174-175 detection of, prostate-specific antigen in. See Prostate
distal ureteral calculi, 175-1 pecififc atnitiggee n
basket extraction of, 1 ideal tumor marker for, 247-252
extracorporeal shock wave lithott attributes of, 250-251
percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for, 176 follow-up capabilities of, 250
ureteroscopy for, 175-176 prognostic value of, 249-250
re chemolysis for, 182 screening capabilities of, 249
nagemento f, 173-174 sensitivity and specificity of, 248-249
en surgery for, 180-181 staging capabilities of, 249
percutaneous cystolithotomy for ) netic resonance imaging of, 379-380
resentation of, 173 pelvic lymph node dissection in, 381-384
renal pelvic calculi, 181] radiation therapy for. See Radiation therapy
transurethral calculi, 175 reverse transcriptase poly merase chain reaction
reteral calculi, 181 assays for. See Reverse transcriptase—polymerase
rethral calculi, 174 eaction says
licled omental graft, in orthotopic bladder staging studies of, economics of, 384-386
substitution, in women, 229 steroid hormone withdrawal syndromes in. See St
P c dissection, in urinary diversion, 829-831 da normone withdrawal syndromes
c lymph node dissection, in prostate cancer ’rostate massage, and prostate-specific antigen
381-384 ; concentration, 290
economicso f, 386 ’rostatectomy, radical retropubic. See Radical retropubic
Penicillamine, for cystine calculi, 16¢ statectomy
Percutaneous antegrade nephrostoureterolithotomy, fo rostate-specific antigen, 247-469
tereral calculi, 63 after cryosurgical ablation. See Cryosurgical ablation
utaneous biopsies, of adrenal masses, 611-612 after radiation therapy. See Radiation therapy
f cystic renal masses, 504 after radical retropubic prostatectomy. See Radical ret
itaneous cystolithoton y ror * a it! 4 uro tn ISIS bic prostatectomn
ige-specific reference ranges for, 339-351
I neous nephrostolithotomy, for urolithiasis, 43-58 diagnostic impact of, 343-344
contraindications to, 43-44 patient age and molecular forms, 345, 349
anatomic abnormalities, 53-54 patient age and serum concentration, 341-343
for lyceal calculi, 84-85, 91-92 ace in, 344-345
r cystine calculi, 47, 50, 168 as treatment end point, in hormone refractory pros
or distal ureteral calculi, in children, 176 tate cancer, 433-437
ror large lower pole renal calculi, 47 biochemical characteristics of, 255-257, 275-276
for large renal stone burden, 46—47 analytic issues, 257
for renal and upper tract anomalies, 50, 53 clinical characteristics, 256-257
or staghorn calculi, 44—46 forms of prostate-specific antigen, 256
for struvite calculi, 152, 154 kallikrein gene family, 255-256
for transplanted kidneys, 56 molecular biology, 255
for treatment failures, 54, 56 physiologic function, 256
vs. other techniques, 43 synthesis 55
ercutaneous nephrostomy for urinary tract concentration of, ambulation and, 288-289
obstruction, interventional radiology in, 627, 629 intibiotics and, 285
utaneous removal, of staghorn calculi, 74, 77-78 cystoscopy and, 289-290, 295
Periurethral glands, prostate-specific antigen in, 276 digital rectal examination and, 293-294
Pheochromocytomas, imaging of, 617-619 ejaculation and, 286-288, 295-296
with von Hippel—Lindau disease, 5 exercise and, 296
for nephrolithiasis, due to hypercalciuria needle biopsies and, 294-295
prostate manipulation and, 293-297
iin films, of acute urinary tract obstruction prostate massage and, 290
»f emphysematous pyelitis, 552 prostatitis and, 283-286, 296
of emphysematous pyelonephritis, 550, m5m5a2 transrectal ultrasonography and, 290, 295
852 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997
Prostate-specific antigen (Continued) hK2 in, 266-267
transurethral resection of prostate and, 290, 295 standardization of, 261-263, 269-273
urinary retention and, 286 90:10 Stanford calibrator in, 270, 272 I
density of, 323-332 greater than 30% free prostate-specific antigen in,
wn
age-specific reference ranges for, 328 270
and prostate cancer detection, 324-327 historical aspects of, 269
limitations of, 327-328 individual variation vs. interassay variation in, 270
finasteride and, 328-329 molecular forms in, 269
in staging and prognosis, 329 molecular mass-assigned values vs. immunoassay
transition zone volume-adjusted, 328 values in, 272
discovery of, 253-255, 275 prostate-specific antigen/«a antichymotry psin in,
antigen isolation and characterization in, 253-254 270
purification procedures in, 254-255 Prostate-specific membrane antigen, 439-450
molecular forms of, 276, 353-365 alternative RNA splicing of, 443
and pathologic characteristics, 362 cDNA characteristics of, 440, 442
biosynthesis and structural similarity of prostate- chromosome localization and mapping of, 443
specific antigen and hK2, 354 function of, 443-444
clinical applications of, 357-360 mRNA expression of, 442-443
immunodetection of, 355-356 reverse transcriptase—polymerase chain reaction appli-
in extracellular fluids and serum, 354-355 cations of, 444-445
in vitro stability of, 355 serum detection of, 439-440
lower percentage of in prostate cancer, 356-357 Prostatitis, and prostate-specific antigen concentration,
patient age, prostate volume, and percent free and 283-286, 296
total prostate-specific antigen, 361-362 Pudendal fasciocutaneous medial thigh flaps, in
role of percent free prostate-specific antigen in pros- urethral reconstruction, 694
tate cancer, 360-361 Pudendal flap urethroplasty, onlay patch, in urethral
vs. other methods of screening, 361 reconstruction, 694-697
nonprostatic sources of, 275-282 Purines, restriction of, for uric acid—related
amniotic fluid, 278-279 nephrolithiasis, 145
breast, 276-278 Pyelitis, emphysematous, imaging of,
female serum, 279 Pyelography, contrast media in, adverse reactions to
ovary and endometrium, 279-280 484
periurethral glands, 276 Pyelolithotomy, for renal pelvic calculi, in children, 281
protein function of, 276 Pyelonephritis, imaging of, acute, 545-546, 548
to eliminate radionuclide bone scan, 389-394 emphysematous, 550, 552
economics of, 392 in children, 674-675
in patient follow-up, 392-393 xanthogranulomatous, 561, 563
patient selection for, 390-392 Pyonephrosis, imaging of, 552, 554, 559
to screen for prostate cancer, 299-306, 307-314, 315- Pyridoxine, for nephrolithiasis, due to hyperoxaluria,
321 126, 127
age-specitic reference ranges in, 302-303
cut-off values in, 308, 316—317
density in, 301-302 Radiation therapy, for prostate cancer, efficacy of
free prostate-specific antigen in, 303-304 prostate-specific antigen density in predicting,
incidence of incidental cancer, 320 329, 409-410
increasing specificity in, 310-313 prostate-specific antigen after, 407-414
nature of cancers in, 308-310 doubling time of, 412-413
prostate biopsies in, 308 frequency of employment of, 407-409
prostate-specific antigen slope in, 302 optimal nadir of, 410-412
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia as marker for, 320 Radical retropubic prostatectomy, prostate-specific
ratio of free to total prostate-specific antigen in, antigen after, 395-406
318-320 and disease progression, 397-398, 400-401
significance of transitional zone cancer in, 317-318 and survival, 401, 404—405
socioeconomic implications of, 451-458 patient follow-up in, 396-397
cost-effectiveness of screening and treatment patient selection and, 395-396
456-457 preoperative evaluation and pathology in, 396
costs of prostate cancer treatment, 452-454 Radioimmunoscintigraphy, with monoclonal antibodies,
estimates of screening effectiveness, 454—456 in prostate cancer, 444
total serum prostate-specific antigen in, 299-301 Radionuclide bone scan, of prostate cancer, elimination
velocity of, 333-338 of, prostate-specific antigen in. See Prostate-specifi
clinical applications of, 338 antigen
evaluation of, time period for, 337 Rectal bladder augmentation, hemi-Kock pouch in,
in men without prostate cancer, 334-335 761-762
vs. prostate cancer, 335- 4 37 5a-Reductase inhibitors, and prostate-specific antigen
longitudinal study of, 232323 2> 34 aensity
Prostate-specific antigen immunoassays, assessment of, Renal abscesses, imaging of, 548, 550
261-268 Renal anomalies, percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for,
epitope mapping in, 265-266 50, 53
free and complexed prostate-specific antigen in, Renal calculi, percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for,
263-265 46- 47
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997 853
with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, Scrotoliths, ultrasonography of, 661-662
imaging of, 525 Scrotum, ultrasonography of, 653-671
Renal cell carcinoma, staging of, imaging in, 507-522 for choriocarcinoma, 656
angiography in, 518-519 for cryptorchidism, 667, 669
computed tomography in, 508-513, 519-520 for embryonal cell carcinoma, 655
advantages of, 508 for extratesticular neoplasms, 663
limitations of, 508 for gonadal stromal tumors, 658
technique for, 508-509 for hydroceles, 661
extra-abdominal, 520 for malignant non-germ cell tumors, 657
for partial nephrectomy, 520 for mass lesions, 654
magnetic resonance imaging in, 51 a) for nonpalpable tumors, 658
advantages of, 513 for scrotal and testicular inflammation, 663-665
limitations of, 513-514 for scrotoliths, 661-662
technique for, 514-516 for seminomas, 654-655
ultrasonography in, 517-518 for teratomas and teratocarcinoma, 655-656
with acquired cystic kidney disease, imaging of, 538 for testicular ischemia, 665, 667
339 for testicular microlithiasis, 659, 661
with von Hippel-Lindau disease, imaging of, 535 for testicular tumors, 657-658
Renal cystic diseases, imaging of, 523-543 for trauma, 667
acquired cystic kidney disease, 537-540 for tubular ectasia of rete testis, 659
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease for varicoceles, 662-663
523-526 normal anatomy in, 653
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease vascular supply in, 653-654
526-529 Segura baskets, for stone removal, in ureteroscopy, 39,
medullary cystic disease, 53 40
medullary sponge kidney, 5 Seizures, contrast media and, 488
multicystic dysplastic kidney, 532-534 Seminomas, ultrasonography of, 654-655
tuberous sclerosis, 540-541 Serous microcystic adenomas, with von Hippel-Lindau
von Hippel-Lindau disease, 534-537 disease, imaging of, 537
Renal failure, contrast media and, 473-476 Sertoli cell tumors, ultrasonography of, 658
prevention of, 483 Serum creatinine elevation, contrast media and, 473-474
Renal function, deterioration of, noncontinent urinary Shock wave lithotripsy, for anatomic anomalies, 53
diversion and, 742-743 tor calyceal calculi, 83-84, 88, 91
Renal masses, imaging of, 493-505 for cystine calculi, 47, 50
cystic masses, 499-504 for large lower pole renal calculi, 47
small masses, 493-494 for large renal stone burden, 46-47
techniques for, 494-499 for renal and upper tract anomalies, 50, 53
Renal pelvic calculi, in children, 181 for staghorn calculi, 46, 73-74, 77-78
Renal transplantation, bowel in, 837-843 for urolithiasis, failure of, percutaneous nephrostoli-
historical aspects of, 837-838 thotomy after, 54, 56
techniques for, 838-842 Sigmoid cystoplasty, technique for, 747, 749
augmentation cystoplasty, 838 Silica calculi, formation of, 10
continent urinary diversion, 839 Silicone stents, for utereral calculi, 61
enteric noncontinent urinary conduits, 838-839 Skin flaps, in stomal reconstruction, in urinary
ileal ureter for bail-out, 839-842 diversion, 731
interventional radiology in, 643, 645 Skin graft urethroplasty, muscle-assisted full-thickness,
Resistive index, in acute urinary tract obstruction, in urethral reconstruction, 683-684
5 / / Small bowel, in urinary diversion, Mitrofanoff principle
Respiratory arrest, contrast media and, 487-488 in, 800-801
Rete testis, tubular ectasia of, ultrasonography of, 659 Sodium bicarbonate, for uric acid-related
Retrograde pyelography, contrast media in, adverse nephrolithiasis, 144-145
reactions to, 484 Sodium cellulose phosphate, for nephrolithiasis, due to
Retrograde ureteroscopy, for utereral calculi, 63-64 hypercalciuria, 121
Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays, Sodium citrate, prophylactic, for calyceal calculi, 93
for prostate cancer, 367-378 Sperm granulomas, ultrasonography of, 663
control studies of, 371-372 Spermatoceles, ultrasonography of, 663
metastatic, 372 Sphincteric function, in ileal neobladder, to female
molecular staging in, 372-374 urethra, 827-828
pitfalls of, 369-370 Staghorn calculi, 71-80
prognosis for localized cancer, 374 evaluation criteria for, 73
results of, prostate manipulation and, 374-375 patient evaluation for, 72
technique for, 367-369 struvite, dissolution of, 79
tissue sources for, 370-371 treatment of, combination therapy in, 74, 77-78
useful targets in, 370 guidelines for, 79
for prostate-specific membrane antigen, 444-445 open surgery in, 78
Rigid ureteroscopes. See Ureteroscopy percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in, 4446
percutaneous removal in, 74
sandwich therapy in, 214-215
shock wave lithotripsy in, 73-74
Scrotal inflammation, ultrasonography of, 663-665 ureteroscopic nephrolithotomy in, 78-79
854 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1997
Staghorn calculi (Continued) Tris solutions, in urinary tract lavage, for uric
watchful waiting in, 72-73 acid-related nephrolithiasis, 145
Stenosis, stomal, noncontinent urinary diversion and Tromethamine | , in lavage chemolysis, for cystine
741 Ca culi, 167
urinary diversion and, 730-731 Tuberculosis genitourinary, imagingo f, 559, 561
ureteroileal anastomotic, noncontinent urinary diver Tuberous sclerosis imaging of 540-541
sion and, 742 rubular ectasia, of rete testis, ultrasonography of, 659
Stents, for ureteral strictures interventional radiology Tunica albuginea tumors, ultrasonography of, 658-659 l
in, 636-6 37 TURP-27, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 445 l
silicone for ureteral calculi, 61 L
Steroid hormone withdrawal syndromes, 421-431 l
clinical implications of, 425-427
definition of, 421-422 Ultrasonic lithotripsy, for urolithiasis, 18 l
frequency of, 425 Ultrasonography, endoluminal, instruments for, 41
molecular basis for 427-429 of acute pyelonephritis, 546 l
prognostic variables in 422-425 of acute urinary tract obstruction, 573-575
Stomach, in urinary diversion, metabolic and nutritional of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, 524
complications of 720-721 of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease,
Mitrofanoff principle in, 801-802 528-529
Stomal complications, of Mitrofanoff principle, in of emphysematous pyelitis, 552
urinary diversion, 809 of emphysematous pyelonephritis, 550
Stomal ischemia, noncontinent urinary diversion and of genitourinary tuberculosis, 559
741 of malakoplakia, 563
Stone disease, nephrostomy for, interventional of medullary cystic disease, 532
radiology in, 629-630 of medullary sponge kidney, 531
Struvite calculi, 149-162 of multicystic dysplastic kidney, 533-534
and nephrolithiasis, 100 of nephrolithiasis, 104, 105
bacteriology of, 150 of pyelonephritis, in children, 675
clinical features of, 150-151 of pyonephrosis, 554
dissolution of, 79 of scrotum. See Scrotum
formation of, 9 of small renal masses, 494
medical treatment of, 154-158 of tuberous sclerosis, 541
antimicrobials in, 154-155 of upper urinary tract infections, in children, 677
dietary supplementation in, 158 of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, 561
lavage chemolysis in, 155-156 to stage renal cell carcinoma, 517-518
methylene blue in, 158 transrectal, and prostate-specific antigen concentra
substrate depletion in, 157 tion, 290, 294-295
urease inhibition in, 156-157 Jpper urinary tract anomalies of, percutaneous
urinary acidification in, 157-158 nephrostolithotomy for, 50, 53 [
stoichiometry of, 149-150 preservation of, ileal orthotopic bladder substitution
surgical management of, 151-154 ind, 789-790 l
combination therapy in, 154 Kock pouch and, 762 I
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in, 153-154 Upper urinary tract calculi, in children, 175
open surgery in, 152 Upper urinary tract infections, imaging of, 545-569 l
percutaneous nephrolithotomy in, 152 acute pyelonephritis, 545-546, 548 [
Substrate depletion, for struvite calculi, 157 emphysematous pyelitis, 552
emphysematous pyelonephritis, 550, 552
granulomatous diseases, 559, 561, 563-564
AIDS, 564, 567
Tamm-Horsfall protein, in urolithiasis, 4 malakoplakia, 563-564
Telomerase, as tumor marker, for prostate cancer, 447 tuberculosis, 559, 561
Teratocarcinoma, ultrasonography of, 655-656 xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, 561, 563
Teratomas, ultrasonography of, 655-656 in children, 677
lesticular inflammation, ultrasonography of, 663-665 pyonephrosis, 552, 554, 559
Testicular torsion, ultrasonography of, 665, 667 renal abscesses, 548, 550
Thiazides, for nephrolithiasis, due to hypercalciuria Urease inhibition, for struvite calculi, 156-157
119-123 Ureter, in urinary diversion, Mitrofanoff principle in
due to hyperoxaluria, 129 799-800
Thrombosis, stomal, noncontinent urinary diversion Ureteral calculi, 59-70
and, 741 clinical features and diagnosis of, 59-60
Transplantation, renal. See Renal transplantation conservative therapy for, 60-61
Transplanted kidneys, and nephrolithasis, percutaneous distal, 65-67
nephrostolithotomy for, 56 choice of therapy for, 66-67
rransrectal ultrasonography, and prostate-specific extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for, 65-66
antigen concentration, 290, 294-295 in children. See Pediatric urolithiasis
Transurethral calculi, in children, 175 ureteroscopy for, 66
Transurethral resection of prostate, and prostate-specific in children, 181
antigen concentration, 290, 295 midureteral, 64
Trauma, scrotal, ultrasonography of, 667 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for, 64
Triamterene calculi, formation of, 10, 118 retrograde ureteroscopy for, 64