The United States and the Challenge of Public Diplomacy PDF
Preview The United States and the Challenge of Public Diplomacy
Palgrave Macmillan Series in Global Public Diplomacy Series editors: Kathy Fitzpatrick , Quinnipiac University, USA Philip Seib , University of Southern California, USA Advisory Board: Nicholas J. Cull, University of Southern California, USA Teresa LaPorte, University of Navarre, Spain Donna Lee, Leeds Metropolitan University, United Kingdom Jan Melissen, Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael, Netherlands Abeer Najjar, American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates William A. Rugh, Former US Ambassador to Yemen and United Arab Emirates, USA Cesar Villanueva Rivas, Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico Li Xiguang, Tsinghua University, China At no time in history has public diplomacy played a more significant role in world affairs and international relations. As a result, global interest in public diplomacy has escalated, creating a substantial academic and professional audience for new works in the field. This series examines theory and practice in public diplomacy from a global perspec- tive, looking closely at public diplomacy concepts, policies, and practices in various regions of the world. The purpose is to enhance the understanding of the importance of public diplomacy, to advance public diplomacy thinking, and to contribute to improved public diplomacy practices. The editors welcome submissions from scholars and practitioners representing a range of disciplines and fields (including diplomacy, international relations, interna- tional communications, public relations, political science, global media, marketing/ advertising) and offering diverse perspectives. In keeping with its global focus, the series encourages non-US-centric works and comparative studies. Toward a New Public Diplomacy: Redirecting U.S. Foreign Policy Edited by Philip Seib Soft Power in China: Public Diplomacy through Communication Edited by Jian Wang Public Diplomacy and Soft Power in East Asia Edited by Sook Jong Lee and Jan Melissen The Practice of Public Diplomacy: Confronting Challenges Abroad Edited by William A. Rugh The Decline and Fall of the United States Information Agency: American Public Diplomacy, 1989–2001 Nicholas J. Cull Beyond Cairo: US Engagement with the Muslim World Darrell Ezell Collaborative Public Diplomacy: How Transnational Networks Influenced American Studies in Europe Ali Fisher Religion and Public Diplomacy Edited By Philip Seib Communicating India’s Soft Power: Buddha to Bollywood Daya Kishan Thussu European Public Diplomacy Edited By Mai’a K. Davis Cross and Jan Melissen The United States and the Challenge of Public Diplomacy James Thomas Snyder The United States and the Challenge of Public Diplomacy James Thomas Snyder THE UNITED STATES AND THE CHALLENGE OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY Copyright © James Thomas Snyder, 2013. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-0-230-39070-6 All rights reserved. First published in 2013 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN ® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. P algrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave ® and Macmillan ® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-35134-3 ISBN 978-0-230-39071-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230390713 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Snyder, James, 1972– The United States and the challenge of public diplomacy / James Snyder. pages cm Includes index. 1. United States—Foreign public opinion. 2. United States—Foreign relations—2001–2009. 3. United States—Foreign relations—2009– 4. Communication, International—Political aspects. 5. Communication in politics—United States. 6. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Public Diplomacy Division. 7. Afghan War, 2001—Communications. 8. Iraq War, 2003–2011—Communications. I. Title. JZ1480.A5S69 2013 327.73—dc23 2013016148 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: October 2013 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For the Allies, present and prospective Also by James Thomas Snyder American Republic Justice in a Time of War— translation from the French original written by Pierre Hazan C O N T E N T S List of Illustrations ix Preface xi Acknowledgments xxv Introduction: Crossing the Last Three Feet 1 One Fighting Words 9 Two What We Are Talking about When We Talk about Engagement 2 7 Three E xtreme Public Diplomacy 6 3 Four O vert Operations 7 3 Five V irtual Diplomacy 91 Six Radio Free America 103 Seven M atters of Interpretation 113 Eight S ee What They Do 1 31 Nine Nongovernmental Diplomacy 141 Ten The Diplomatic Arts 1 53 Eleven T he Americans 1 69 Notes 183 Index 201 This page intentionally left blank I L L U S T R A T I O N S Figures 0.1 US Army recruitment poster by H. R. Hopps, 1917 xix 0.2 Norman Rockwell, Rosie the Riveter xxii 4.1 US leaflet dropped on Iraqi units, 2003 7 4 4.2 NATO Libya leaflet, June 2010 81 5.1 Internet use per 100 inhabitants 97 5.2 Global population lacking electricity, 2010 98 5.3 Freedom on the Net 1 00 8.1 BRIC country visa Issuances, 1998–2011 134 8.2 Percentage who like American music, movies, and television 1 35 8.3 Worldwide Box Office 137 8.4 Percentage who like American way of doing business 1 38 Tables 7.1 Top ten most-spoken world languages by millions, 2013 123 7.2 Top ten most-spoken languages after English in the United States in real numbers, 2008 1 24
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