The United States Air Force Expeditionary Center The Combined Air Power Transition Force ...

132 Pages·2010·2.63 MB·English

Spring 2010 Volume XXIV, No. 1
The United States Air Force
Expeditionary Center
Airpower from the Ground Up
Maj Gen Kip L. Self, USAF
Col Murrell F. Stinnette, USAF
Col Mark L. Loeben, USAF
Lt Col Ralph J. Muli, USAF
The Combined Air Power Transition Force
Building Airpower for Afghanistan
Brig Gen Michael R. Boera, USAF
China’s Perspective on Nuclear Deterrence
Sr Col Yao Yunzhu, People’s Liberation Army of China
Global Dynamic Operations
Allocation of Remotely Piloted Aircraft among
Combatant Commands
Maj Brad W. Borke, USAF
Cyber This, Cyber That . . . So What?
Maj Eric D. Trias, PhD, USAF
Capt Bryan M. Bell, USAF
Chief of Staff, US Air Force
Gen Norton A. Schwartz
Commander, Air Education
and Training Command
Gen Stephen R. Lorenz
(cid:73)(cid:85)(cid:85)(cid:81)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:15)(cid:66)(cid:71)(cid:15)(cid:78)(cid:74)(cid:77)
Commander, Air University
Lt Gen Allen G. Peck
Director, Air Force Research Institute
Gen John A. Shaud, USAF, Retired
Chief, Professional Journals
Maj Darren K. Stanford
Deputy Chief, Professional Journals
Capt Lori Katowich
(cid:73)(cid:85)(cid:85)(cid:81)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:15)(cid:66)(cid:70)(cid:85)(cid:68)(cid:15)(cid:83)(cid:66)(cid:79)(cid:69)(cid:80)(cid:77)(cid:81)(cid:73)(cid:15)(cid:66)(cid:71)(cid:15)(cid:78)(cid:74)(cid:77)
Professional Staff
Marvin W. Bassett, Contributing Editor
Tammi K. Long, Editorial Assistant
Daniel M. Armstrong, Illustrator
L. Susan Fair, Illustrator
Ann Bailey, Prepress Production Manager
The Air and Space Power Journal (ISSN 1554-2505), Air
Force Recurring Publication 10-1, published quarterly,
is the professional journal of the United States Air
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presentation and stimulation of innovative thinking on
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Articles in this edition may be reproduced in whole or in (cid:66)(cid:85)(cid:1)(cid:73)(cid:85)(cid:85)(cid:81)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:15)(cid:66)(cid:74)(cid:83)(cid:81)(cid:80)(cid:88)(cid:70)(cid:83)(cid:15)(cid:66)(cid:86)(cid:15)(cid:66)(cid:71)(cid:15)(cid:78)(cid:74)(cid:77)(cid:15)
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Spring 2010
Volume XXIV, No. 1
AFRP 10-1
Senior Leader Perspectives
The United States Air Force Expeditionary Center (cid:90) 6

Airpower from the Ground Up
Maj Gen Kip L. Self, USAF
Col Murrell F. Stinnette, USAF
Col Mark L. Loeben, USAF
Lt Col Ralph J. Muli, USAF
The Combined Air Power Transition Force (cid:90) 16

Building Airpower for Afghanistan
Brig Gen Michael R. Boera, USAF
China’s Perspective on Nuclear Deterrence (cid:90) 27

Sr Col Yao Yunzhu, People’s Liberation Army of China
From the Editor
Honoring Dr. David Mets for His Many Years of Service to
Air and Space Power Journal (cid:90) 31

Capt Lori Katowich, USAF, Deputy Chief, Professional Journals
Features
Global Dynamic Operations (cid:90) 75

Allocation of Remotely Piloted Aircraft among Combatant Commands
Maj Brad W. Borke, USAF
Remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) are a significant, yet limited, resource available to combatant com-
manders. To enhance mission management of this resource on a global scale, the author introduces a
concept called global dynamic operations and proposes that RPA assets need not be restrained by geo-
graphic location of dedicated aircrews, as are most other assets.
Cyber This, Cyber That . . . So What? (cid:90) 90

Maj Eric D. Trias, PhD, USAF
Capt Bryan M. Bell, USAF
Are the leaps in cyberspace technology a revolution in military affairs or simply another set of tools for
commanders? The authors argue that adding cyber operations does not require a significant shift in
current doctrine, only an evolution.
Departments
32 (cid:90) Ricochets and Replies
35 (cid:90) The Merge
Improving Cost-Effectiveness in the Department of Defense . . . . . . . . 35
Col Drew Miller, PhD, USAFR
Achieving a Cost-Effective Balance in the Department of
Defense: Concurrent and Proportional Recapitalization of
the Air National Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Lt Col W. Mark Valentine, ANG
Maj Sean Frederick Conroy, ANG
61 (cid:90) Views & Analyses
A Cyber Proving Ground: The Search for Cyber Genius. . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Lt Col Kristal L. M. Alfonso, USAF
The Resurgence of Russian Interests in Central Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Lt Col Scott G. Frickenstein, USAF
101 (cid:90) Waypoints
P-51 Escorts: Legend or Myth? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Dr. David R. Mets
108 (cid:90) Book Reviews
Hablan los generales: Las grandes batallas del conflicto
colombiano contadas por sus protagonistas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Glenda Martinez Osorio, ed.
Reviewer: Lt Col Paul D. Berg, USAF
Barbarossa: The Air Battle, July–December 1941 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Christer Bergström
Reviewer: Maj Paul Niesen, USAF, Retired
F-100 Super Sabre at War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Thomas E. Gardner
Reviewer: Kenneth P. Katz
Dawn over Baghdad: How the U.S. Military Is Using Bullets
and Ballots to Remake Iraq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Karl Zinsmeister
Reviewer: Cadet Fourth Class Samuel Major
Korea: A Lieutenant’s Story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Gen Robert C. Mathis, USAF, Retired
Reviewer: Chaplain, Maj Matthew P. Franke, USAF
Boeing versus Airbus: The Inside Story of the Greatest
International Competition in the Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
John Newhouse
Reviewer: Dr. Frank P. Donnini, Lieutenant Colonel, USAF, Retired
Aircraft Carriers: A History of Carrier Aviation and Its
Influence on World Events, Volume I: 1909–1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Norman Polmar in collaboration with Minoru Genda et al.
Reviewer: Lt Col Richard J. Hughes, USAF
Planetary Landers and Entry Probes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Andrew J. Ball, James R. C. Garry, Ralph D. Lorenz, and
Viktor V. Kerzhanovich
Reviewer: Dr. Rick W. Sturdevant
Highest Traditions: Memories of War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Tony Lazzarini
Reviewer: Lt Col Daniel J. Simonsen, USAF, Retired
French Strategic and Tactical Bombardment Forces of
World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
René Martel; Allen Suddaby, trans.; and Steven Suddaby, ed.
Reviewer: Maj William E. Fischer Jr., USAF, Retired
Frontline Pakistan: The Struggle with Militant Islam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Zahid Hussain
Reviewer: Dr. David R. Mets
Iraq and Back: Inside the War to Win the Peace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Col Kim Olson, USAF, Retired
Reviewer: Capt Patrick Dierig, USAF
Science in Flux: NASA’s Nuclear Program at Plum
Brook Station, 1955–2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Mark D. Bowles
Reviewer: Thomas F. Saal
Diplomacy and War at NATO: The Secretary General
and Military Action after the Cold War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Ryan C. Hendrickson
Reviewer: Dr. David A. Anderson, Lieutenant Colonel, USMC, Retired
Into That Silent Sea: Trailblazers of the Space Era, 1961–1965 . . . . . 121
Francis French and Colin Burgess
Reviewer: Lt Col Christopher J. Rodel, Wisconsin Air National Guard
Learning to Love the Bomb: Canada’s Nuclear Weapons
during the Cold War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Sean M. Maloney
Reviewer: Dr. John H. Barnhill
Forgotten Continent: The Battle for Latin America’s Soul . . . . . . . . . . 124
Michael Reid
Reviewer: Dr. Gabriel Marcella
SECDEF: The Nearly Impossible Job of Secretary of Defense . . . . . . . 125
Charles A. Stevenson
Reviewer: Dr. Gary Schaub Jr.
127 (cid:90) Mission Debrief
Editorial Advisory Board
Gen John A. Shaud, PhD, USAF, Retired, Air Force Research Institute
Lt Gen Bradley C. Hosmer, USAF, Retired
Col J. Douglas Beason, PhD, USAF, Retired, Los Alamos National Laboratory
Dr. Alexander S. Cochran, Office of the Chief of Staff, US Army
Prof. Thomas B. Grassey, US Naval Academy
Lt Col Dave Mets, PhD, USAF, Retired, School of Advanced Air and Space Studies (professor emeritus)
Board of Reviewers
Col Ronald K. Bartley, USAFR Mr. Charles Tustin Kamps
Air University USAF Air Command and Staff College
Lt Col Eric Braganca, USAF Dr. Tom Keaney
Naval Air Station, Patuxent River, Maryland Johns Hopkins University
Dr. Kendall K. Brown Col Merrick E. Krause, USAF, Retired
NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Department of Homeland Security
Col Steven D. Carey, USAF, Retired Col Chris J. Krisinger, USAF, Retired
Daphne, Alabama Burke, Virginia
Dr. Clayton K. S. Chun Dr. Benjamin S. Lambeth
US Army War College RAND
Dr. Mark Clodfelter Mr. Douglas E. Lee
National War College Air Force Space Command
Dr. Conrad Crane Dr. Richard I. Lester
Director, US Army Military History Institute Eaker College for Professional Development
Col Michael D. Davis, USAF Mr. Brent Marley
Defense Attaché Redstone Arsenal, Alabama
Col Dennis M. Drew, USAF, Retired Mr. Rémy M. Mauduit
USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies Air Force Research Institute
Maj Gen Charles J. Dunlap Jr., USAF Col Phillip S. Meilinger, USAF, Retired
The Pentagon West Chicago, Illinois
Dr. Stephen Fought Dr. Daniel Mortensen
USAF Air War College (professor emeritus) Air Force Research Institute
Col Richard L. Fullerton, USAF Dr. Richard R. Muller
USAF Academy USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies
Lt Col Derrill T. Goldizen, PhD, USAF, Retired Dr. Bruce T. Murphy
Westport Point, Massachusetts Air University
Col W. Michael Guillot, USAF, Retired Col Robert Owen, USAF, Retired
Montgomery, Alabama Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Dr. John F. Guilmartin Jr. Lt Col Brian S. Pinkston, USAF, MC, SFS
Ohio State University The Pentagon
Dr. Amit Gupta Col Bob Potter, USAF, Retired
USAF Air War College Air Force Research Institute
Dr. Grant T. Hammond Dr. Steve Rothstein
Dean, NATO Defence College Colorado Springs Science Center Project
Dr. Dale L. Hayden Lt Col Reagan E. Schaupp, USAF
Air Force Research Institute Air University
Dr. Thomas Hughes Col Richard Szafranski, USAF, Retired
USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies Toffler Associates
Lt Col Jeffrey Hukill, USAF, Retired Lt Col Edward B. Tomme, PhD, USAF, Retired
Air Force Research Institute Sci-Ops Consulting
Lt Col J. P. Hunerwadel, USAF, Retired Dr. Christopher H. Toner
LeMay Center for Doctrine Development and Education USAF Air Command and Staff College
Col Mark P. Jelonek, USAF Lt Col David A. Umphress, PhD, USAFR, Retired
The Pentagon Auburn University
Col John Jogerst, USAF, Retired Dr. Harold R. Winton
Navarre, Florida USAF School of Advanced Air and Space Studies
Spring 2010 | 5
The United States Air Force
Expeditionary Center
Airpower from the Ground Up
Maj Gen Kip L. Self, USAF
Col Murrell F. Stinnette, USAF
Col Mark L. Loeben, USAF
Lt Col Ralph J. Muli, USAF
T
he American Expeditionary Force was created in 1917 as the first unit capable of sig-
nificant over-the-horizon global power projection of US forces. Ninety years later, the
US Air Force Expeditionary Center (USAF EC) received its commission as a training
center of excellence for expeditionary operations. Between 1917 and today, everything—yet
nothing—has changed in the world of expeditionary operations. That is, although the time
6 | Air & Space Power Journal
Senior Leader Perspective
USAF photo
Expeditionary Airmen of the 96th Aero Squadron, American Expeditionary Force, 1918
required to project global power over the to project power in air, space, and cyber-
horizon has shrunk from months to hours, space has advanced significantly, but at the
the enabling engine of that force projection core remains the requirement to build the
remains the same: military and civilian pro- foundation of that airpower projection from
fessionals suitably trained and equipped to the ground up. On the bookshelf of the Air
support the endeavor. The Air Force’s ability Force’s advanced training capabilities, the
Spring 2010 | 7
USAF EC serves as the bookend comple- couriers remain on the cutting edge of in-
ment to the US Air Force Warfare Center dustry innovation.2 This significant invest-
(USAF WC), the former focusing on air- ment leverages a relatively stable workforce
power from the ground and the latter em- that operates within a rather well-defined
phasizing airpower from above. Key to both delivery grid. Obviously more dynamic, the
bookends of this bookshelf is the ability to military workforce moves through the force
evolve with the speed of change and thus structure with greater velocity than personnel
remain relevant to Airmen charged with in commercial industry. For example, FedEx
over-the-horizon global power projection. operates from 375 airports worldwide,
The USAF EC’s relevance lies in providing whereas Air Mobility Command (AMC) op-
advanced training for expeditionary Airmen erates from 1,162.3 Notably, over 90 percent
to support the joint fight and to develop the of the airports utilized by AMC lie outside
tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) the structured en route system. The ability
that today’s expeditionary combat support to operate off the established en route grid
(ECS) mission needs to project airpower and cover the last tactical mile of the sup-
from the flight line to the front line, from ply chain in uncertain environments distin-
the ground up. guishes AMC from FedEx or other commer-
Well-documented studies have correlated cial carriers. The combined effect of
training with organizational performance. operating in austere and uncertain environ-
Commercial industry considers training a ments with a more transient work force is
key part of “employee engagement,” and the imperative that motivates relevant and
studies show that highly engaged firms with timely training. In a commercial enterprise,
robust employee training programs increase failing this imperative results in diminished
their operating income by upwards of 20 income. For the military, failure means re-
percent over less engaged firms with poor duced over-the-horizon maneuver speed, a
emphasis on employee training.1 The impact lack of in-transit visibility, and insufficient
of training on operating income obviously combat-support logistics. Success, on the
has a direct correlation to earnings per other hand, comes with the capability to
share and, ultimately, shareholder satisfac- provide timely global-reach laydown, which
tion. It comes as no surprise to military pro- ultimately creates the foundation we need
fessionals that training is a valuable tool for to win battles and save lives. The USAF EC
improving performance and building equity enables success through timely and rele-
in an organization and its mission. For most vant training. This article offers insight into
of us, this point is not so much an epiphany the design of the USAF EC, discusses how
as it is a blinding flash of the obvious. How- this design contributes to enabling the ef-
ever, in the face of cost cutting and reduced fects of its two schools, and shows how
operating budgets, it is worth reemphasiz- those effects are integrated across the spec-
ing that training (or employee engagement) trum of the ECS mission in building air-
is a front-end load that we must support in power from the ground up.
order to generate desired operational out-
comes and effects. Just as we update com-
puter hardware and software to improve The Design of the US Air
performance, so must we continually up- Force Expeditionary Center:
date the “grayware” of our Airmen, keeping
From the Flight Line
them trained, current, and engaged.
Commercial cargo carriers such as FedEx to the Front Line
fully understand the importance of keeping
their grayware up to date, investing more Located at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-
than $2,500 annually per employee to en- Lakehurst, New Jersey, the USAF EC part-
sure that maintainers, cargo specialists, and ners with the Air Staff, Air Education and
8 | Air & Space Power Journal